BACKGROUND:The regional gene therapy of bone defect is to transfer genes capable of accelerating bone healing into target cells, which will transcript the genes into mRNA and translate them into proteins, then the target cells will be stimulated to differentiate under the role of protein, and finally reach the purpose of accelerating bone healing by means of autocrine or paracrine. With the development of cell recombination technique, more and more genes of growth factors involved in the bone repairing have been successfully cloned, which make it possible to treat bone defect with gene therapy. The present status for the regional gene therapy of bone defect is summarized.DATA SOURCES: An online search in Pubmed database was undertaken to identify articles about the regional gene therapy of bone defect published in English from January 1965 to January 2006 by using keywords of "gene therapy,bone defect". Meanwhile, Chinese relevant articles published from January 2000 to January 2006 were searched in Wanfang database by using the same keywords in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: The data were primarily checked, and the references of each article were looked up. Inclusive criteria: related to the regional gene therapy of bone defect. Exclusive criteria: repetitive study or Meta analysis.DATA EXTRACTrON: Totally 237 articles were collected, 32 of them were in accordance with the inclusive criteria, and the other 205 were old or repetitive ones. Of the 32 articles, 4 were about the selection of destination genes, 3 about the selection of target cells, 7 about the selection of gene expression vector, 3 about the methods of gene transfer, 4 about gene therapy combined with tissue engineering in treating bone defect, 5 about polygenes in treating bone defects, and 2 about the problems and prospects in the gene therapy of bone defect.DATA SYNTHESIS: The regional gene therapy of bone defect is a new technique developed base on the basic theoretical cognition of bone regeneration and gene recombination technique, and provides ideal solving program for the treatment of bone defect caused by various reasons. The basic problems mainly include the selection of destination genes, selection of target cells, selection of gene expression vectors and the selection of the methods of gene transfer.The studies about the selection of target cells and methods of gene transfer become mature day by day, bone marrow stromal cells have become the target cells should be selected firstly, and it has been generally acknowledged that ex vivo gene transfer has more obvious advantages than in vivo one. The key problem at present is how to further explain the natural process of the repair of bone defect, and select the most effective component from the signal molecules involved in the process to apply in the gene therapy of bone defect, and further improve the gene expression vector, so as to ensure the safety of gene therapy. It is believed that with the continuously deepened theoretical cognition of bone regeneration and the continuous perfection of gene recombinant technique, the gene therapy of bone defect will finally go out of laboratory, and really serve the patients with bone defect.CONCLUSION: The regional gene therapy of bone defect can effectively activate the activity of bone regeneration at the site of bone defect, also can avoid the problems of immunologic rejection and systematic toxicity caused by the direct application of cytokines, and has good prospects of clinical application. At present, this technique is not completely perfect, and there are many problems to be deeply investigated in destination genes, gene vectors and transfection technique, etc.

Objective: Intelligent monitoring system of medical equipment can realize the intelligent dynamic management to equipment in the hospital wireless or wired network environment. Methods: Use of communication network, intelligent call, system monitoring and other means of science and technology to design the intelligent micro device state sensor. Results:System is mainly for hospital equipment, which can capture and management of medical equipment data. When the elderly have abnormal condition, it can send information through intelligent system, through identification and location, to realize the construction of equipment state information. Conclusion: Intelligent sensor in the system application can achieve the sharing of resources; realize the whole hand or full coverage of the intelligent health network system, providing an effective guarantee for the health of the masses.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of chromoendoscopy combined with EpCAM detection in Barrett′s e-sophagus .Methods 95 patients diagnosed BE under routine endoscopy were recruited in the study ,and in which 49 patients were stained by 2% Lugol′s solution and undergone biopsy as group A ;46 patients were undergone biopsy by routine endoscopy as group B .The expressions of EpCAM were also detected by immunohistochemical SP methods in biopsies of group A .Results 39 patients were diagnosed BE by routine histology in group A ,in which 15 Colonic type metaplasia of BE were found ,an EpCam expression was observed in 28 Barrett′s esophagus patients conformed by histology with HE staining .And 23 patients were diagnosed BE by routine histology in group B ,in which 8 Colonic type metaplasia of BE were found .Both diagnostic rate of BE and colonic type meta-plasia of BE were significantly different between group A and B .Conclusion Targeted biopsies directed by Lugol′s solution staining can improve the diagnostic rate of Barrett′s esophagus ,and diagnostic rate of colonic type metaplasia of BE can be improved fatherly by detecting the expression of EpCAM .

Radical trachelectomy (RT) is known as a developing sign of the surgical treatment of cervical cancer in the 21st century.RT brings hope for the patients with early cervical cancer who eager to retain their fertilities.The extent of surgery include RT and pelvic lymphadenectomy.The major methods of radical trachelectomy include abdominal (RAT) and vaginal (RVT) approaches.The efficacy and feasibility of RT is similar with standard treatment,which has great application value in clinical.

Objective To study the expressions and clinical significance of hypoxia inducible factor-1α( HIF-1α) ,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in the villi tissue of patients with missed abortion (MA) and early pregnant women. To explore the influence of hypoxia on placenta angiogenesis in missed abortion. Methods To de-tect the expression of HIF-1α,VEGF,VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in the villi tissue of 35 cases of MA patients( re-search group) and 32 early pregnant women( control group) who underwent induced abortion surgery by immuno-histochemistry,and the results were statistical analysis. Results HIF-1α,VEGF,VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 were ex-pressed both in the villi tissue of research group and the control group. The expression of HIF-1α was higher in the research group than in the control group(P<0. 05). The expressions of VEGF,VEGFR-2 were significantly lower in the research group than in the control group ( P<0 . 05 ); the expression of HIF-1α was positively correlated with VEGF,VEGFR-1and VEGFR-2 in the control group, and the expression of HIF-1α was negatively correlated with VEGF and VEGFR-2 in the research group (P<0. 05),which had no correlation with VEGFR-1. Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α in the villi tissue of MA is up-regulated, the blood vessel formation of placenta decreases by adjusting the VEGF and VEGFR-2 genes transcription,which maybe is the important causes for MA.

The technology of bone tissue engineering has got rid from autologous bone implant and allograft bone. With the development in recent 20 years,the basic pattern of tissue engineered bone has already been constructed,consisting of related molecules to bone regeneration,active cells for osteogenesis and scaffold materials. The related molecule to bone regeneration is the dominant factor to determine the bio-activity of tissue engineered bone,and also is the key researches in the field of bone tissue engineering. As the molecule bio-mechanism of bone regeneration has been elucidated and molecule bio-techniques have been combined with bone tissue engineering,many achievements regarding the related molecules to bone regeneration are observed in bone induction mechanism,vector,gene therapy technology and the combined use,which all improve the effect of tissue engineered bone on repairing the bone defects.

Purpose To investigate the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3B in cervical squamous carcinoma and its relation-ship with Ki-67 expression. Methods To detect the expression of LC3B in 16 cases of normal cervical tissues and 126 cases of squa-mous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, Ki-67 protein was also detected in 126 cases of squamous cell car-cinoma in the same assay. The relationship between LC3B expression and Ki-67 in cervical squamous cell cancer was statistical analy-sis. Results Expression level of LC3B were significantly lower in cervical squamous carcinoma than normal squamous epithelial cells (P<0. 05), and the expression of LC3B was negatively correlated with Ki-67(rs = -0. 248, P<0. 05). Conclusion It appears that decreased levels of autophagy which indicated by low expression of LC3B may promote cancer cell proliferation in the early stages of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which provides a clinical referential evidence for further explore the mechanism of autophagy in cer-vical cancer development.

BACKGROUND: The grafted human hair keratin(HHK) artificial tendon,being degradable and absorbable, can induce formation of neotendon. In the present study, the main biomechanical indexes of HHK artificial tendon and its components were measured so as to determine a proper ratio for the artificial tendon composition according to different needs of the body sites and make it possess tensile stress required for functional activities.OBJECTIVE: To determine the main biomechanical indexes of HHK artificial tendon and its components.DESIGN: An observational study based on HHK artificial tendon.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory of Chinese PLA, and Department of Histology and Embryology, a military medical university; Foshan Kangxing Medical Technology Co., Ltd.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory of the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in October 2001. The material of HHK artificial tendons was uncontaminated black hair collected from healthy young women in remote mountainous areas free from endemic diseases. There were three components of HHK artificial tendons with different in vivo absorption velocities Z, B and F. The in vivo absorption was the slowest for Z, faster for B, and the fastest for F. Different kinds of HHK artificial tendon were the mixture of Z, B and F at a proper ratio. Each group had 3 kinds, namely, Z3.0-20, B3.0-20, and F3.0-20. HHK artificial tendon consisted of 6 kinds: ZBF1. 0-20,ZBF1.5-20, ZBF3.0-20, ZBF6. 0-20, ZBF9. 0-20, and ZBF12.0-20.METHODS: Both ends of an HHK artificial tendon or each of its components were fixed on MTS 858 Moni Bionix checker to determine such biomechanical indexes as fracturing pull and tensile stress.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fracturing pull and tensile stress of HHK artificial tendon of different kinds and its components.RESULTS: Fracturing pull in Z3.0-20, B3.0-20 and F3.0-20 groups was (211.8 ± 12. 1 ), ( 178.8 ± 8.2), and ( 151.3 ± 6. 7) N, respectively; tensile stress was(71.3 ±3.9), (59.9 ±2. 7), and(50. 3 ±2.3) Mpa, respectively. Fracturing pull and tensile stress were decreased gradually in the same cross-section area of the 3 kinds of materials; Fracturing pull in ZBF1.0-20,ZBF1.5-20, ZBF3.0-20, ZBF6.0-20, ZBF9.0-20, and ZBF12.0-20 groups was(75.0 ± 3.0), (107.8±4.2), (194.1±5.3), (375.9±12.7),(508.2 ±21.3), and(670.8 ±25.4) N, respectively, while tensile stress was(75.0 ±3.0), (72.0 ±2.8), (65.1 ± 1.8), (62.9 ±2.2), (56. 3 ±2.4),and(55.8 ± 1.5) Mpa, respectively.CONCLUSION: Fracturing pull of HHK artificial tendon is increased with the increase of cross-section area, whereas tensile stress is slightly decreased with the increase of cross section area. With the increased extent of human hair treatment, its absorption in vivo is accelerated, and fracturing pull and tensile stress of HHK artificial tendon are decreased.

The molecular mechanism of autophagy is complicated and it always affects the occurrence and development of tumor in many different degrees,so it is the new hot spot in pathological study area.The angiogenesis includes physiological vascularization and pathological vascularization,and the pathological new vessels which provide nutrition for the continuous growth of tumors have a close relationship to the development and metastasis of tumor.The process of angiogenesis can be affected by regulating the autophagy of vascular endothelial cells,which provides a new method for tumor therapy.

Objective To evaluate the intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)for the whole pelvis in the treatment for cervix cancer with the method of ionization chamber verification and fluence map verification.Methods IMRT plan was designed with Pinnacle 7.0 inversed treatment planning system,and the planning parameter was copied to the solid water phantom.The dose of the reference points in the phantom was calibrated with ionization chamber,and compared with those in IMRT plan.Then the gantry angle was set as 0 degree.The solid water phantom was irradiated with film,and the actual fluence maps were obtained 2cm below the phantom surface,and then the delivered films were compared with those fluence maps in plan.Results The error percentage at 4 points was less than 3% in absolute dose calibration,at 2 points was less than 5%,at another 2 points was less than 5%,at 1 point was over 10%,and at another 1 point was over 15%.It was found that the last two calibrated points were set in a region with a high dose gradient,resulting in high error.In fact they were impertinent.So another two points were chosen in uniformity area of dose distribution.The percentage of error were both less than 3%.The fluence maps between films and plan were consistent.Conclusion It is feasible to evaluate IMRT plan for whole pelvis in the treatment of cervix cancer with the method of ionization chamber verification and fluence map verification.The results can meet the clinical requirement.