Aerosols ; adverse effects ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Dentistry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Personal Protective Equipment ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; transmission

Transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-through aerosolised saliva and respiratory droplets is possible when aerosol-generating dental procedures are performed. Consequently, dental practitioners are at increased risk of being infected when treating COVID-19 patients. A comprehensive review of the current literature on precautions when providing dental care during the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed and recommendations for dental practitioners are made. Dental practitioners should actively keep themselves abreast of the guidelines published by both national and international authorities and adhere strictly to them.
Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Dental Care ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the method of adenovirus vector-mediated herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase gene (ADV-TK)/ganciclovir(GCV) system and photodynamic therapy(PDT) for treating the oral malignant tumor.

METHODSTen patients who were suffering from oral malignant tumor of the different positions were selected, and injected with the hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD), irradiated by picking the corresponding laser frequency, and injected the ADV-TK gene into the tumor body and periphery. By the imaging and the hemodynamics analysis, the clinical efficacy after infusing vein with GCV was assessed.

RESULTSAfter the combination method treatments, patients' tumors appeared clear shrinkage or complete extinction. There was obvious fall of the blood flow volume in the tumor body. Imaging results showed significantly differences. So it was a perfect and effective treatment.

CONCLUSIONThere are many advantages to apply the ADV-TK/GCV system and PDT treatment on the oral malignant tumor, minimal side effects and greater clinical security. It is a safe and credible therapy which can be offered for curing the oral malignant tumor systematically.

Adenoviridae ; Ganciclovir ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Photochemotherapy ; Simplexvirus ; Thymidine Kinase

Abiotic stresses substantially affect the growth and development of plants. Plants have evolved multiple strategies to cope with the environmental stresses, among which transcription factors play an important role in regulating the tolerance to abiotic stresses. Basic leucine zipper transcription factors (bZIP) are one of the largest gene families. The stability and activity of bZIP transcription factors could be regulated by different post-translational modifications (PTMs) in response to various intracellular or extracellular stresses. This paper introduces the structural feature and classification of bZIP transcription factors, followed by summarizing the PTMs of bZIP transcription factors, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification, in response to abiotic stresses. In addition, future perspectives were prospected, which may facilitate cultivating excellent stress-resistant crop varieties by regulating the PTMs of bZIP transcription factors.
Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Phosphorylation ; Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Stress, Physiological/genetics*

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed in different species and different tissues, and perform different functions, but little is known about their involvement in the synthesis or secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In general, we have revealed lncRNA‍‒‍microRNA (miRNA)‍‒‍‍messenger RNA (mRNA) interactions that may play important roles in rat primary pituitary cells. In this study, a new lncRNA was identified for the first time. First, we analyzed the gene expression of lncRNA-m18as1 in different tissues and different stages by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and observed the localization of lncRNA-m18as1 with fluorescence in situ hybridization, which indicated that this lncRNA was distributed mainly in the cytoplasm. Next, we used RT-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to analyze the regulation of FSH synthesis and secretion after overexpression or knockdown of lncRNA-m18as1 and found that lncRNA-m18as1 was positively correlated with FSH synthesis and secretion. In addition, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2) was highly expressed in our sequencing results. We also screened miR-18a-5p from our sequencing results as a miRNA that may bind to lncRNA-m18as1 and Smad2. We used RNA immunoprecipitation-qPCR (RIP-qPCR) and/or dual luciferase assays to confirm that lncRNA-m18as1 interacted with miR-18a-5p and miR-18a-5p interacted with Smad2. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that lncRNA-m18as1 and miR-18a-5p were localized mainly in the cytoplasm. Finally, we determined the relationship among lncRNA-m18as1, miR-18a-5p, and the Smad2/3 pathway. Overall, we found that lncRNA-m18as1 acts as a molecular sponge of miR-18a-5p to regulate the synthesis and secretion of FSH through the Smad2/3 pathway.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism* ; Rats