Objective To investigate effect of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) to in vitro release characteristics of cefaclor sustained-release tablets.Methods Collected 10 batches of HPMC from different manufacturers.Determined the viscosity, molecular weight and the distribution of molecular weight of HPMC.HPMC from different manufacturers was used as blocking agent for the preparation of cefaclor sustained-release tablets according to the same prescription.Results The molecular weight was positively related to the viscosity of HPMC.The more molecular weight was, the slower the drugs release rate was,the better controlled released.Conclusion HPMC from different manufacturers show different quality stability and effect in vitro release of cefacor sustained-release tablets.

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) type 1 receptor block irbesartan on the expression of renal cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2 ) in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 18 rats were divided into control group, diabetes mellitus group and treating group.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of COX-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1).The urinary TXB2,6-Ket-PGF1 αconcentration was determined by radioimmunoassay at the 6th week .Results There was an increasing expression of COX-2,TIMP-1 and decreasing M MP-9 ( COX-2:0.39 ± 0.02 vs 0.24 ± 0.04, TIMP :0.41 ± 0.03 vs 0.24 ± 0.02,MMP-9:0.24 ± 0.02 vs 0.32 ± 0.02, P ＜ 0.05 ) expression in the diabetes mellitus group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Irbesartan could increase MMP-9 (0.29 ± 0.03 ) and depress TIMP-1 (0.34 ± 0.02) expression through inhibiting the expression of COX-2(0.31 ± 0.03) in renal tissue.Conclusions COX-2 was involved in the pathogenesis of the injury of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Irbesartan might exert its renoprotective effects through inhibiting COX-2 activity, modulating the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1.

Objective: To establish an electrochemical method for the determination of phenol. Methods: An electrochemical workstation with three electrodes system was used with glassy carbon electrode as working electrode, Ag/AgCl as reference electrode and Pt as counter electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used for the determination of phenol. Results:Under the condition of 4% Na2SO4as the supporting electrolyte, phenol showed an obvious oxidation peak on the glassy carbon elec-trode. The peak current increased linearly with the concentration of phenol within the range of 0. 8 μg·ml-1-10. 2 μg·ml-1( r=0. 997 5). The lower limit of detection was 0. 20 μg·ml-1. The average recovery was 101. 2% (RSD=2. 2% , n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple and accurate, and can be used for the determination of phenol.

Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease diagnosis and the development of biological detection methods.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)catalyzes continuous polymerization of deoxynucleotide triphosphates at the 3'-OH end of single-stranded DNA in the absence of a template.In this study,we developed a highly sensitive and selective method based on TdT and endonuclease Ⅳ(Endo Ⅳ)to quantify ALP activity.After ALP hydrolyzes the 3'-PO4 end of the substrate and generates 3'-OH,TdT can effectively elongate the 3'-OH end with deoxynucleotide adenine triphosphate(dATP)and produce a poly A tail,which can be detected by the poly T probes.Endo Ⅳ digests the AP site in poly T probes to generate a fluorescent signal and a new 3'-OH end,leading to the generation of exponential fluorescence signal amplification.The substrate for TdT elongation was optimized,and a limit of detection of 4.3×10-3 U/L was achieved for ALP by the optimized substrate structure.This method can also detect ALP in the cell lysate of a single cell.This work has potential applications in disease diagnosis and biomedical detection.

Objective To investigate the effects of different ratios of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(ω-3 PUFA)on depression and cognitive impairment in patients with major depression.Methods A randomized,double-blinded controlled trial was used to randomly assign patients with depression to a cognitive improvement group,a depression improvement group,and a placebo group.The cognitive improvement group took 1388 mg of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and 692 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)every day and the depression improvement group took 1248 mg of EPA and 832 mg of DHA every day.The placebo group took the same dose of soybean oil for 12 weeks,during which psychiatric medication was maintained.The 24-item Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-24)was used to evaluate depressive symptoms,and the standardized MATRICS consensus cognitive battery(MCCB)was used to evaluate cognitive function after 6 weeks and 12 weeks,respectively.Results The study recruited a total of 46 patients with depression including 22 in the cognitive improvement group,12 in the depression improvement group,and 12 in the placebo group.After 6 weeks of treatment,the HAMD-24 scores were significantly lower in the depression improvement group(19.00±10.70)and cognitive improvement group(16.58±9.39)than in the placebo group(31.10±10.03)(P<0.01).After 12 weeks of treatment,HAMD-24 scores were significantly lower in the depression improvement group(13.58±8.43)than in the placebo group(28.10±15.04)(P=0.02).No significant interaction effect was found on the cognitive assessment scores in any dimension after 6 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment(P>0.05).The incidence rate of adverse events in the depression improvement group was 16.7%(2/12),and no adverse events were reported in the other two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events among the three groups(P=0.13).Conclusion Treatment with ω-3PUFA for 6 weeks can improve the depressive symptoms of patients with depression.The formula with a higher ratio of EPA exhibits higher effectiveness while the two groups of ω-3PUFA formulas with different ratios do not improve cognitive function.