Aim To observe the anti-apoptotic effect of different concentrations of amygdalin on the endplate chondrocytes induced by IL-1 βderived from rat inter-vertebral discs and explore the possible mechanism fur-ther.Methods Chondrocytes were obtained from endplate of one-month SD rat intervertebral discs and cultured primary chondrocytes.After identifying,they were divided into normal group,induced group and A-mygdalin 1 0 -2 mol·L -1 ,1 0 -3 mol·L -1 ,1 0 -4 mol· L -1 ,1 0 -5 mol · L -1 administration group.Then the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).Re-al-Time PCR was adopted to detect the mRNA expres-sion of Bax and Bcl-2.The protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blot.Results The apoptosis of the endplate chondrocytes induced by IL-1 βderived from rat intervertebral discs could be inhib-ited by amygdalin with different concentrations.Amyg-dalin could reduce the apoptotic rate analysed by FCM,down-regulate the Bax mRNA expression of Bax and up-regulate the Bcl-2 mRNA assayed by RT-PCR;compared with the induced group the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05).Besides,observa-tion of the protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2 by Western blot found that amygdalin 1 0 -4 mol · L -1 could inhibit the effect of IL-1 β,which could increase the protein expression of Bax and reduce the protein expression of Bcl-2.Conclusion Amygdalin has an effect on anti-apoptosis of the end-plate chondrocytes induced by IL-1 βderived from rat intervertebral discs and improve the degeneration of intervertebral discs.

Objective:To evaluate the security of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP)in the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF ), and to provide the basis for its application.Methods:Both foreign language databases including PubMed,The Cochrane Library (Issue 1,2015),EMBase and Chinese databases involving CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data were searched.Two reviewers independently extracted the data,and assessed the quality;then the Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.1 software and Stata 12.0 software.Results:A total of 35 randomized controlled trials (RCTs)involving 12 143 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with control group the 1-month mortality (RR=1.01,95%CI:0.85-1.21,P =0.88),3-month mortality (RR=0.89,95%CI:0.63-1.27,P =0.53)and 6-month mortality (RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.87 - 1.08,P = 0.59 )in rhBNP group had no statistical differences;no statistical difference was found in the incidence of side effects (RR=1.01,95%CI:0.71-1.43,P =0.97).The incidence of hypotension in rhBNP group was significantly higher than that in control group (RR= 1.42,95%CI:0.99 -2.03,P =0.06).Conclusion:Compared with dobutamine,vasodilator drugs and placebo,rhBNP doesn’t change the mortality and incidence of adverse reactions of the patients with ADHF,but increases the risk of hypotension.Clinical application of rhBNP should be reasonable and its effectiveness should be exerted sufficiently,meanwhile,as much as possible to avoid hypotension,etc.

The effect of amygdalin joint hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on the endplate chondrocytes derived from intervertebral discs of rats induced by IL-1beta and the possible mechanism were studied and explored. Chondrocytes were obtained from endplate of one-month SD rat intervertebral discs and cultured primary endplate chondrocytes. After identification, they were divided into normal group, induced group, amygdalin group, HSYA group and combined group. CCK-8 kit was adopted to detect the proliferation of the endplate chondrocytes. FCM was measured to detect the apoptosis. Real-time PCR method was adopted to observe the mRNA expression of Aggrecan, Col 2 alpha1, Col 10 alpha1, MMP-13 and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta. The protein expression of Col II, Col X was tested through immunofluorescence. Compared with the normal group, the proliferation of the endplate chondrocytes decreased while the apoptosis increased (P < 0.05). With down regulation of the mRNA expressions of Aggrecan, Col 2 alpha1 and up regulation of the mRNA expressions of Col 10 alpha1, MMP-13, IL-1beta (P < 0.05), the protein expression of Col II decreased while the protein expression of Col X increased. Compared with the induced group, amygdalin group, HSYA group, the combined group could inhibit the apoptosis and promote the proliferation (P < 0.05). They could increase the mRNA expressions of Aggrecan and Col 2 alpha1 while decrease the mRNA expressions of Col 10 alpha1, MMP-13 and IL-1beta (P < 0.05). They could also enhance the protein expression of Col II while reduce the protein expression of Col X. The effect of the combined group was significantly better than that of amygdalin and HSYA. Amygdalin joint HSYA could inhibit the degeneration of the endplate chondrocytes derived from intervertebral discs of rats induced by IL-1beta and better than the single use of amygdalin or HSYA.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by risk stratification with American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) classification of coronary lesions. Methods: Data used in this study derived from the I-LOVE-IT 2 trial. I-LOVE-IT 2 trial was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, assessor-blinded, noninferiority study. A total of 1 255 patients in I-LOVE-IT 2 trial with only one lesion and underwent biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stent implantation were included and grouped according to ACC/AHA classification of coronary lesions, namely type A/B1 lesion group (n=184), type B2 lesion group (n=457) and type C lesion group (n=614). The primary endpoint was 48-month patient-oriented composite endpoint (PoCE), a composite of all-cause mortality, all myocardial infarction, stroke, and/or any revascularization. The secondary endpoints were target lesion failure (TLF), components of PoCE, major bleeding (bleeding academic research consortium(BARC) type 3-5) and definite/probable stent thrombosis within 48 months. The incidences of endpoint events were compared in the three groups. The multivariable Cox hazard ratio model was used to analyze the independent predictors of PoCE and TLF at 48 months. Results: Incidences of PoCE at 48 months were significantly higher in patients with type C lesion compared with patients with type A/B1 (24.43%(150/614) vs. 14.13%(26/184), P<0.05) or B2 lesion (24.43%(150/614) vs. 15.97%(73/457), P<0.05). The multivariable Cox hazard ratio model showed that the type C lesion were the independent predictors of 48-month PoCE (HR=1.59, 95%CI 1.21-2.08, P<0.001) and TLF (HR=2.31, 95%CI 1.53-3.49, P<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, the HRs of PoCE for patients with type C lesion versus type A/B1 and type B2 were 1.91 (95%CI 1.25-2.92, P=0.003) and 1.64 (95%CI 1.23-2.20, P<0.001), respectively. Meanwhile, the HRs of TLF for patients with type C lesion versus type A/B1 and type B2 were 2.45 (95%CI 1.29-4.64, P=0.006) and 2.55 (95%CI 1.62-4.02, P=0.001), respectively. Conclusions The ACC/AHA classification of coronary lesions has good discrimination with long-term outcomes for CAD patients undergoing PCI. The type C lesion is associated with a worse prognosis, enough attention should be paid in these patients during routine clinical management.

Objective: To explore the value of SYNTAX revascularization index (SRI) on evaluating the long-term prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients implanted with biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) and define the best threshold of SRI for predicting all-cause mortality in these patients. Methods: Data used in this study derived from the I-LOVE-IT 2 trial (evaluate safety and effectiveness of the Tivoli DES and the Firebird DES for treatment of coronary). I-LOVE-IT 2 trial was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, assessor-blinded, non-inferiority study. A total of 1 829 patients implanted with BP-DES were divided into 3 groups, namely SRI=100% group (n=963), 50%≤SRI<100% group (n=527) and SRI<50% group (n=339). The primary endpoint was 48-month patient-oriented composite endpoint (PoCE), a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction(MI), stroke, and/or any revascularization. The secondary endpoints were components of PoCE and definite/probable stent thrombosis at 48 months. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to investigate the best cut-off point of SRI for 48-month all-cause mortality. The Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of the all-cause death and PoCE at 48 months. Results: Incidence of PoCE at 48 months was significantly lower in SRI=100% group than patients with 50%≤SRI<100%(17.34% (167/963) vs. 22.20% (117/527), P<0.05) and SRI<50% (17.34% (167/963) vs. 24.78% (84/339), P<0.05). Comparing with SRI=100% group, the patients with 50%≤SRI<100% suffered higher rates of all MI (7.78% (41/527) vs. 4.26% (41/963), P<0.05) and target vessel MI (6.45% (34/527) vs. 4.26% (41/963), P<0.05); patients with SRI<50% had higher rates of all-cause mortality (5.90% (20/339) vs. 3.12% (30/963), P<0.05) and any revascularization (14.16% (48/339) vs. 3.12% (30/963), P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the SRI=65% was the best cut-off point to predict the all-cause mortality at 48 months (area under the curve was 0.58, sensitive was 0.47, specificity was 0.70). Meanwhile, SRI<65% was an independent predictor of 48-month all-cause mortality (HR=2.06, 95%CI 1.25-3.38) and PoCE (HR=1.34, 95%CI 1.09-1.66). Conclusions SRI serves as a good index for predicting long-term prognosis and SRI<65% is an independent predictor of 48-month PoCE and all-cause mortality for CAD patients with BP-DES implantation. Meanwhile, SRI≥65% might be a reasonable threshold of incomplete revascularization.

Objective To study the value of free-style perforator flap in repairing nasal defects after tumor resection.Methods On the basis of the guidance of free-style perforator flap design concept and the foundation of vascular localization by Doppler based on the ultrasonic echo intensity,combined with nasal beauty subunits,we designed free-style perforator flap in different forms such as V-Y advancing flap,rotating flap,and propeller flap,which had with free-style perforator in pedicle all.We transplanted the flaps to repair nasal defects after tumor resection.The area of the flaps was between 2 cm x 1.0 cm and 8.0 cm x 5.0 cm,and the diameter of the perforate vessel in the pedicle of flap was between 0.3 mm-3 mm,and some of the pedicles were composed of perforate vessel tube bundle.In order to reduce recurrence rate,the radiotherapy was performed according to the pathology in 1 month after surgery.Results In 31 cases of this group,29 cases were performed and the postoperative shape was good.1 case appeared postoperative hemorrhage,and the epidermis of flap formed blister because of greater tension,and the patient healed 10 days later after extraction the bubble fluid and changing medicine.The flap of 1 case was silted because the venous was blocked,and the acupuncture was treated,and then the flap got delayed union.23 cases received adjuvant radio therapy after surgery and fellowed up from 6 months to 5 years,showing that local profile and color were satisfacfory without tumor recurrence.Conclusions It is worthy of clinical promotion to designing freetype perforator flap and to repair defect after extensive nasal tumor resection on the basis of beauty subunits in nasal and vascular anatomy,which can not only reduce the recurrence rate by postoperative radiotherapy in time,but also realize better cosmetic requirements.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic status of Cyclophosphamide (CYC) in children with lupus nephritis (LN),as well as the relationship between the pharmacokinetic results and clinical indicators,adverse reactions,curative effect evaluation.Methods Thirty patients hospitalized at Tianjin Children's Hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were treated with glucocorticoid (GC) combined with CYC.Blood samples were collected in 6 point-in-time after intravenous CYC,a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to detect the blood drug concentration,and the pharmacokinetic results were calculated.All patients were followed up for 24 weeks,and the levels of serum albumin (ALB),24 hours urinary protein,serum creatinine (Scr),complement 3 (C3),therapeutic effect and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index scores were evaluated at the same time.Results Pharmacokinetic curve showed the second chamber model,the area under the curve (AUC) of time-effect relationship was (143.55 ±42.43) g/(L · h),peak concentration (Cmax) was (20.02 ± 3.55) g/L,and half-time period (T1/2) was(4.21 ± 0.96) h.Age and gender had no influence on AUC,Cmax and T1/2,and statistically significant correlation was found between serum ALB and T1/2,which was positively correlated (r =0.517,P ＜ 0.05).After 16 weeks of treatment,7 patients were partially responsive,22 cases had a complete remission,and the invalid case was only one.Followed up for 24 weeks,6 patients were partially responsive,24 cases had a complete remission.After 16 weeks of treatment,there were statistical differences in AUC among patients with complete response,partial response or no remission.And after 24 weeks,the patients between complete remission and partial remission had no statistically significant difference in the AUC.After 16 weeks and 24 weeks,T1/2 and Cmax had no statistical differences among those groups of patients.Adverse reactions included leukopenia (3 cases,10.00％),gastrointestinal symptoms (4 cases,13.33％) and respiratory tract infection (6 cases,20.00％).There was no statistical relationship between pharmacokinetic parameters and the occurrence of adverse reactions.Single factor analysis showed that there was a statistical significance between ALB,urine protein quantity and treatment effect,but multi-factor analysis showed that the relation between factors and therapeutic effect had no statistical significance.Conclusions HPLC method can be used for the detection of cyclophosphamide blood drug concentration.The cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetic status of children and adult is similar.ALB and T1/2 show a linear positive correlation.Single factor analysis shows a correlation between ALB and treatment effect.Therefore,the increasing level of plasma propagated before treatment can improve therapeutic effect possibly.Cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetic status has nothing to do with the occurrence of adverse drug reactions in the study.

Objective:To study the in silico cloning and bioinformatics of chalcone synthase gene from Ribes americanum. Meth-ods:Ribes nigrum chalcone synthase sequence and Ribes americanum were cloned by retrieving the EST database as the querying probe, which were assembled by CAP3 sequence assembly program, and the bioinformatics database and related software were used to predict the structure and perform the function analysis. Results:Bioinformatical analysis showed chalcone synthase gene encoded 1423 bp and contained a 1173bp ORF, the protein was with 390 amino acid, which was a hydrophilic protein located in cytoplasm including three transmembrane regions with the secondary structure composed of alpha helix. Conclusion:The study is helpful to the further ex-planation for the molecular function mechanism of chalcone synthase gene from Ribes americanum.

OBJECTIVETo investigate changes over time in the shape and signal intensity of high intensity zone (HIZ) in the lumbar intervertebral discs on magnetic resonance images in patients with low back pain.

METHODSThe imaging data were collected from 27 patients with low back pain, who underwent lumbar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examinations that identified HIZ lesions and received follow-up MR examinations at least 1.5 years later over the period from January 2009 to January 2017. The initial and follow-up MR T2WI images of the patients were read by two experienced radiologists to categorize the changes in the shape of the HIZ lesions into enlarged, unchanged, shrunk, and disappeared. The volume and signal/cerebrospinal fluid signal intensity (T2/CSF) ratio of the HIZ were measured on sagittal MR images using ImageJ software.

RESULTSOf the 43 HIZ lesions found in the initial examinations, 22 (51.2%) remained unchanged in the follow-up examinations, 10 (21.3%) were enlarged, 9 (20.9%) shrank, and 2 (23.3%) disappeared. The follow-up examinations revealed 4 new HIZ lesions in the intervertebral discs. The volumes of these lesions did not vary significantly in the follow-up examinations (=0.653), but the T2/CSF ratio was significantly higher in the follow-up than in the initial examinations (=0.043).

CONCLUSIONSAfter observation for an average of 3 years and 3 months, most of the HIZ lesions in the lumbar intervertebral discs of the patients with low back pain remained stable in shape, but their signal intensity on MR images increased.

Objective To study the effect of multi-point multi-axis suspension training on nonspecific low back pain (NLBP) through surface electromyography (sEMG). Methods From October, 2016 to November, 2017, 24 patients with unilateral NLBP (NLBP group) were randomly divided into dynamic group (n=12) and static group (n=12); other 12 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. NLBP group was trained on multi-point multi-axis suspension training system, the dynamic group accepted pelvic-up training in the supine position, while the static group accepted lumbar neutral keep training, for ten days. NLBP group was measured with average electromyographic values (AEMG) of affected musculi multifidi before and after treatment, and assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain; while the control group was measured AEMG of unilateral musculi multifidi. Results The AEMG in static and pelvic-up positions was more in NLBP group than in the control group before treatment (t>3.209, P<0.01), and it was less when keeping neutral position (t=-2.364, P<0.05). The AEMG improved in NLBP groups after treatment (t>2.982, P<0.01). The AEMG in static position and in keeping neutral position was not significantly different among the three groups after treatment (F<2.921, P>0.05), and it was the most in the dynamic group as pelvic-up (P<0.001). The score of VAS decreased in both NLBP groups after treatment (t>10.416, P<0.001), and it was less in the static group than in the dynamic group (t=-4.389, P<0.001).Conclusion sEMG changes take place in patients with NLBP. Multi-point multi-axis suspension training is effective through improving the core muscle group, and it is more effective in static maintenance training.