Bladder cancer stem cells may give the cause of the recurrence and metastasis of bladder cancer patients,and CD47 mediated the suppress of cytophagy maybe the important mechanism of cancerous cells' immunologic escape.It is practical to isolate bladder cancer stem cells and cure the bladder cancer by targeting the CD47.In this paper,the authors will address the progress of bladder cancer stem cells and CD47 as therapeutic target.

Objective To study the relationship between expression of p16 and tumor angiogenesis as well as value of CT enhancement in peripheral lung cancer. Methods twenty-three patients with peripheral lung cancer were examed with dynamic CT scan before surgery.The MVD、protein expression of VEGF and p16 were measured immunohistochemically on speciments of resected tumors.Results There were negative correlation tendency between expressions of p16 and VEGF,but the difference were no significant.During the course of delaying 30 s from injecting contrast dose,the relating coefficient was the highest between enhanced CT value and MVD,P=0.9364.The mean value of MVD and CT enhancement in the course of delaying 30 s in p16 negative expression group were higher than that in the group of p16 positive expression with no significant.Conclusion p16 negative expression may improve angiogenesis in peripheral lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the dynamic CT features of peripheral lung cancer (PLC) and pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor(IPT).Methods 23 patients with PLC and 6 patients with IPT were undergone plain and dynamic enhanced CT scans (beginning at 30 s after the onset of injection,serial scan were obtained at 30 s intervals within 180 s) before surgery or administration of antibiotic.Results The average CT values of plain CT,CT enhanced attenuation at 30 s and 90 s were significantly different between PLC and IPT.There were no significant decline following peak enhancement in IPT but PLC within 180 s.Conclusion The comprehensive analysis of plain CT value,enhanced CT value at 30 s,and the decreasing rate after 90 s of administration of contrast material may be useful in differential diagnosis between PLC and IPT.

Objective To explore the efficiency of writing admissions records with the electronic medical record system. Methods 16 interns with the same educational backgrounds and residency periods were randomized into 2 groups and wrote admissions records respectively with the electronic system and by hand, the traditional method. 1 week later, the same records were again written by the two groups, now each using the other's method. The time for completing each part of the records was noted down in real time across the entire process. The time taken by the interns to complete the records was changed into marks of speed, the assessments of the records by experts were changed into marks of quality, and composite marks resulted from the two after weighting. Statistical testing was done with the two methods. Results In terms of time, the average total time taken by the electronic and traditional groups was respectively 19. 85 m and 39. 49 m; in terms of quality, the electronic group got higher marks in scores for present, past, personal, and family histories and physical examination and in the overall score; in terms of general efficiency, the electronic group got average marks of 91. 13 while the traditional group got average marks of 65. 72, the difference being statistically significant (P

Objective To describe the characteristic CT imaging of adenomyomatosis of gallbladder and to improve the diagnostic knowledge of the disease. Methods Eleven (5 males and 6 females, mean age = 43 years) patients with adenomyomatosis of gallbladder (4 diffuse, 2 segmental, and 5 fundal) confirmed by histopathology and performed by CT examination including plain, dynamic or multiphase enhancement and / or oral cholegraphic agent were reviewed. Results Correct diagnosis was made in 7 of 11 patients(3 diffuse, 1 segmental, and 3 fundal). CT findings included segmental or diffuse gallbladder wall thickening in the involved area, associated with well defined and regular borders at both of the inner and outer layers. Significant CT findings of this entity were marked enhancement of wall layers during triphase contrast CT scanning, especially at delayed scans. Rokitansky Aschoff sinuses were clearly shown by CT, presenting as characteristic "aureola " sign, when performed with application of a cholegraphic agent. Conclusion Understanding the CT findings and using the optimal methods, we can use CT scan as a valuable method to help make the diagnosis in most cases of adenomyomatosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of retrospective ECG-gated 256 slices spiral CT technique in the scanning of inferior phrenic artery (IPA).Methods 80 patients with underdone abdominal CTA were divided randomly into two groups (40 patients each)as regular abdominal CTA scanning group and retrospective ECG-gated technique group.And further analysis was done to evaluate the display of IPA branches and the image quality.Results 80 patients were all scanned successfully.40 cases LIPA and 40 cases RIPA were showed in the regular group.80 cases showed 1st level branches of IPA,73 cases with 2nd level,59 cases with 3rd and 43 ca-ses showing 4th level.40 cases LIPA and 40 cases RIPA were showed in ECG-gated group.And the numbers of IPA branches levels were 80,79,71,65,respectively.There is no significant difference in the ability of showing the1st level IPA or their image quality between those two groups (P >0.05);and there is a statistical significance in the ability of showing other levels of IPA and their im-age quality.Conclusion It is feasible that we use retrospective ECG-gated 256 slices spiral CT scanning technique to show the IPA. And it could improve the ability of showing the IPA branches as well as the image quality.

Objective To observe the effect of Tanggankang on the expression of CREB in diabetic-fatty liver rats;To investigate the mechanism of Tanggankang. Methods STZ and feeding high fat forage induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into model group, Huganning group, Tanggankang high dose group, Tanggankang medium dose group, Tanggankang low dose group, 10 rats in each group, with 10 normal rats as control. After 12 weeks of drug intervention, rats were killed, the livers were removed, and the expression of CREB was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with normal group, the level of CREB of model group was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, Tanggankang low, medium and high dose group significantly decreased the level of CREB (P<0.01). Conclusion Tanggankang may play an active role in glucose and lipid metabolism by affecting the expression of CREB.

Objective To summarize the author' s clinical experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of urachal carcinoma.Methods Thirteen cases with urachal carcinoma from 1990-2011 at Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Results The most common complaint was hematuria;B ultrasonic or CT scan demonstrated a parenchyma or vesica between the bladder dome and abdominal wall.Nine patients underwent extensive pattical excision of the bladder,3 paitents underwent radical resection,and 4 patients received comprihensive chemotherapy.The five-year survival rate was 30.7％.Conclusion Extensive partial excision of the bladder is recommended for urachal carcinoma.

Objective There is a high occurrence rate of thalassaemia in Guangdong Province .Major and intermedia thalas-saemia bring severe burden for patients , families, and societies.This study aimed to reveal the economic burden of thalassaemia major and intermedia thalassaemia in Guangdong Province . Methods Eight areas of Guangdong Province were selected as the sampling ar-eas.Patients with major or intermedia thalassaemia were enrolled in the study .The patients′economic burden of this disease , inclu-ding direct economic burden , indirect economic burden and intangible economic burden was calcultated .The direct economic burden was estimated by outpatient fee , hospitalization expense , nutrition and transportation fees , indirect economic burden was evaluated u-sing disability adjusted life years ( DALY) combined with human capital , and intangible economic burden was calculated using method of willingness. Results Per average annual direct economic burden of 45 patients with major or intermedia thalassaemia was 43 058.66 yuan, per average annual indirect economic burden was 20 474.51 yuan, and per person intangible economic burden was 302 466.67 yuan. Conclusion Economic burden of major and intermedia thalassaemia is huge and most patients do not receive standardized treatment .More effective way should be taken to reduce the economic burden of thalassaemia and help the patients to re -ceive standardized treatment .

Objective To investigate the efficacy of different adding times,treatment courses and doses of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria in Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication.Methods A total of 280 patients Hp-infected were enrolled and randomly assigned to five groups.Group A received lansoprazole 30 mg,clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxicillin 1,000 mg bid for 14 days;group B received bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria 2,000 mg tid for 14 days followed by regimen of group A for another 14 days;group C1 received regimen of group A with addition of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria 2,000 mg bid for 14 days;group C2:regimen of group A with addition of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple livc bacteria 2,000 mg tid for 14 days;and group D received regimen of group C2 followed by bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria 2,000 mg tid for another 14 days.4 weeks after end of treatment,Hp eradication was assessed by 13C-urea breath test.Adverse effects during the courses of treatment were recorded.Results A total of 252 (90.0％) patients completed the treatment.The completion rate in group A,B,C1,C2,and D were 78.6％ (44/56),92.9％ (52/56),87.5％ (49/56),96.4％ (54/56),and 94.6％ (53/56) respectively;the completion rate was significantly higher in group B,C2 and D than in group A (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no differences among groups B,C2 and D (P ＞ 0.05).According to intention-to-trcat (ITT) analysis,the eradication rate was 62.5％,80.4％,69.6％,85.7％,and 87.5％ in groups A,B,C1,C2,and D respectively.The eradication rate in groups B,C2 and D was significantly higher than that in group A (x2 =4.375,P =0.036;x2 =7.864,P =0.005;x2 =9.333,P =0.002),and the eradication rate was higher in group C2 than in group C1 (x2 =4.171,P =0.041),but there were no differences among groups B,C2 and D (P ＞0.05).As for per-protocol (PP) analysis,the eradication rate was 79.5％,86.5％,79.6％,88.9％ and 92.5％ in groups A,B,C1,C2,and D respectively,but no significant statistical differences were found among the five groups (P ＞ 0.05).Adverse effects included nausea,bloating,taste distortion,anorexia and constipation.The rate of adverse effects in groups A,B,C1,C2 and D was 67.9％ (38/56),26.8％ (15/56),35.7％ (20/56),21.4％ (12/56),and 17.9％ (10/56) respectively.The incidence rate was significantly lower in groups B,C2 and D than in group A (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant statistical differences were found among groups B,C2,and D (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The triple therapy combined with bifidobacterium and lactobacillus triple live bacteria can obviously decrease the adverse effects and improve patient compliance,thereby increasing the rate of Hp eradication.14-day therapy with probiotics is the best regimen.