The effect of recombinant human phospholipase D2(rhPLD2)in vivo was investigated on the secretion of serum glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D(GPI-PLD)in guinea pigs of chronic asthma．Ater treating the guinea pigs attacked by chronic asthma with rhPLD2,the GPI-PLD activity detection was canrried out by phase separation of human placental alkaline phosphatase in Triton X-114．Compared with the healthy guinea pigs(NS group),the serum GPI-PLD in the guinea pigs of chronic asthma are much higher than that of control groups,P≤0．01．Our results showed that rhPLD2 could significantly reduce the secretion of GPI-PLD when the guinea pigs were attacked by chronic asthma．

BACKGROUND:As for patients with one-side backleg pain who were candidates for surgery treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, the common treatment includes lumbar vertebral plate opening and decompression, and laminectomy in combination with compression and bilateral pedicle screw fixation. However, these therapeutic approaches are not satisfactory. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility and efficiency of single-side lumbar interbody fusion and unilateral pedicle screw fixation for treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation patients with one-side backleg pain. METHODS:Forty patients with single-side lumbar disc herniation, suffering from unilateral backleg pain, were recruited from Shihezi People’s Hospital, China and were treated with single-side lumbar interbody fusion and unilateral pedicle screw internal fixation. The neurological function of patients was assayed using Japanese Orthopaedic Association score system before and after treatment, the improvement rate and excellent/good rate were calculated. Suk criterion was used to determine fusion status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mean fol ow-up period for 40 patients was ranging from 6 months to 60 months. Al incisions healed wel , with no infection. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score after 6 months of treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.05), with the excellent and good rate up to 88%. According to Suk criterion, 38 patients achieved bone graft fusion or possible fusion, with interbody fusion rate 95%, as revealed by radiographic and CT evidence. The remaining two patients were detected fusion at 9 months after treatment. Our findings indicate that, single-cage lumbar interbody fusion combined with single-side pedicle screw fixation is the feasible surgical technique and provides satisfactory effects in treating single-side lumbar disc herniation.

AIM: To investigate the anti toxic effect of iminoethyl lysine (Imi), an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), on the guinea pig renal injury with gentamicin (Gen). METHODS: The experiment was consisted of four groups: normal animal group, gentamicin model group (Gen group), Gen+Imi group and Imi group. Guinea pigs of both Gen group and Gen+Imi group were given (sc) Gen 100 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 for 10 d, and the guinea pigs of Gen+Imi group were treated with Imi intraperitoneally. Gen group were treated with the same volume of saline. Guinea pigs of normal animal group were treated with subcutaneous and venous injection of the same volume of saline. Guinea pigs of Imi group were treated with the same dose of Imi. The renal function of guinea pigs of all groups was examined before and after experiment. Renals of all groups were embedded with paraffin, sectioned, stained with HE, and examined with the light microscope. iNOS was examined in the kedney of all groups with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of iNOS was negative in kidney of normal animal group and Imi group, and positive in both Gen group and Gen+Imi group. The activity of iNOS of Gen group was significantly stronger than that of Gen+Imi group. The damage of renal of Gen group was much more severely than that of Gen+Imi group. CONCLUSION: The expression of iNOS is positive in the renal damaged with Gen. Imi can significantly inhibit the activity of iNOS, and has also the significant anti toxical effect on the renals damaged with Gen. It suggests that nitric oxide takes part in the process of pathology of renals damaged by gentamicin.

Objective To explore the characteristics of resting myocardial perfusion of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) by real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography(RT-MCE). Methods Thirteen patients with T2DM and 12 in control were enrolled in the study. RT-MCE was performed using a continuous infusion of SonoVue with vena mediana in elbow. Images of left ventricle filled with contrast were acquired from apical 4-, 2-chamber and long axis views with real-time myocardial contrast mode of GE Vivid 7 Dimension system. All above images were captured in continuous 3 cardiac cycles before "flash" ,and then 15 cardiac cycles after "flash". All clips were stored for off-line analysis. Results In quiescent condition, there were significant decrease on indices of A,k and A × k in patients compared with control group (A:6.46 ±1.60 vs 6.81 ± 1.53, P ＜0.05;k:1.04 ± 0.39 vs 1.28 ± 0.31*, P ＜0.01;A× k:6.55 ± 2.72 vs 8.78 ±3.16, P ＜ 0.01, respectively). Conclusions RT-MCE could evaluate the early change of myocardial perfusion in T2DM patients and offers important reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the MRI imaging features, and pathologic basis of the orthotropic transplantation nude mouse model with human pancreatic cancer. Methods Adopting Siemens Magnetom Trio Tim 3.0 Tesla superconductive MRI and breast coil was used to examine 30 orthotropic transplantation nude mouse models of the human pancreatic cancer, these mouse were sampled to acquire TSE-T1 -weighted and T2-weighted transverse axial images. Intraperitoneal injection of Gd DTP A was used to perform continuous dynamic enhancement scanning. Signal intensities of tumors were measured in plain scanning and each phase' s enhancement scanning images, respectively. Intensification rates of tumors were calculated. Pathologic examination of tumors was performed to be compared with the findings of MRI scanning. Results The successful rate of inoculation of 30 nude mice was 100%. The histological findings were comparable with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Compared with signal of adjacent tissues, the MRI findings of the tumors were uniformly slightly hypointensity (90% , 27/30) , or unevenly (10% , 3/30) on TSE-T1WI; uniformly (20% , 6/30) or unevenly (80% , 24/30) hyperintensity with equal or more hyper signal spots on TSE-T2WI. Signal intensities on plain scanning was 228.35 ±11.71, and 1.5,3,6,9, 12 min after enhancement scanning, thesignal intensities were 258.20 ± 11.17, 301.75 ± 17.09, 358.65 ±25.13, 480.05 ± 19.01, 558.35 ± 40.49, which were significantly higher than those in plain scanning (P <0.01). The intensification rate of every phase was 0.13 ±0.04, 0.35 ±0.11, 0.56 ±0.10, 1.10 ±0.10, 1.45 ±0.18, and the difference among these phases was statistically significant (P <0.01). The significantly intensified area was the area where the tumor cells grew actively with rich capillaries; the central area without intensification was the area of necrotic tissue and/or densely packed tumor cells and few capillaries. Conclusions High resolution MRI imaging of implanted tumors can be obtained by intraperitoneal injection of contrast, and it is consistent with pathologic examinations.

Objective To explore the application of a three-dimensional simulation system in extended liver resections.Methods A three-dimensional surgical simulation system was used for preoperative assessment and for computer simulation to estimate the resected liver volume,the residual liver volume,and the surgical resection margins.The software virtual liver resection was used to choose the most optimal surgical option.The actual resection,the postoperative liver volume and the actual surgical resection margins were compared.Results 1 patient was diagnosed by ultrasound to develop ascites on post-operative day 2.Another patient was diagnosed by transthoracic ultrasound to have moderate pleural effusion on postoperative day 1.Postoperative liver failure developed in 1 patient.There was no patient who developed bile leakage.The average length of stay was 6 ～ 85 days (average 22 d).There was no recurrence within 1 month after surgery and there was no postoperative deaths.Condusions The three-dimensional surgery simulation system was effective.It gave an accurate evaluation and simulation of the liver surgery.In extended liver resection,it gave good guidance and help.

Objective To establish a stable orthotopic transplantation nude mouse model of the human pancreatic cancer and to explore the role of monitoring tumor growth with noninvesive MRI.Methods The tumors cells suspension made by the subcutaneous injection of human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC1 were used as the source of tissue for orthotopic implantation of tissue.and transplanted into the pancreas of 20 BALB/C-nu nude mice.After implantation,the successful rate,tumor formation time,tumor growth speed,tumor shape and the change of signal of the tumor were monitored and recorded noninvasively by MRI.At the end of the 7th week,all the specimens were examined by pathological methods.Results Thirty-five percent (7/20)mice with implantation of primary human PANC1 adenocarcinoma cells were detected to have orthotopic implanted tumors by MRI after 15 days,and all the 20 nude mice developed pancreatic tumor within 27 days after operations,and the successful rate was 100%.Compared with adjacent normal tissue,the T1 WI imaging of 90%(18/20)of all the tumors showed uniformly hypo-intense signal,10%(2/20)showed iso-intense signal,the T2W 75%(15/20)showed uniformly hyper-intense signal.The tumor size 2,3,4,5,6,7 weeks after implantation was(912.6±2.4)mm3,(94.3±11.2)mm3,(175.9±82.5)mm3,(395.8±126.6)mm3,(1290.2±167.2)mm3,(1583.4±87.4)mm3,respectively.Pathologic examination confirmed poody differentiated pancreatic adenocatcinoma and it remained the primary tumor's biolosic features.Conclusions The orthotopic transplantation nude mouse model was in accordance with the feature of human pancreatic cancer and was easy for noninvasive monitoring,which provided an effective and stable in vivo experimental system.

Objective Sperparamagnetic material is widely used in tumor localization and treatment , but there are still few studies in bone tissue engineering .This study aims to investigate the osteogenic efficiency of superparamagnetic scaffolds poly lactic acid hydroxy acetic acid (PLGA)/iron-doped hydroxyapatite (Fe-HA) for repairing rabbit mandibular defects , as well as evaluating the biocompatibility of the material . Methods 36 New Zealand rabbits were randomly selected and randomly divided into 6 groups, control without and with static magnetic field ( SMF ) groups ( no material is implanted), PLGA scaffold without and with SMF groups (implanted PLGA), PLGA/Fe-HA scaffold without and with SMF groups ( im-planted PLGA/Fe-HA), each group has 6 rabbits.We created bilat-eral mandibular defect models , executed the rabbits at 4 weeks and 12 weeks post-surgery, marked the mandibular specimens which detected by general observation, Micro-CT and HE staining, and ana-lyzed the results of bone mineral density in defect area .The hematological detection , pathological examination of liver and kidney sam-ples were carried out at 12 weeks pot-surgery.. Results The PLGA/Fe-HA scaffold without and with SMF groups began to appear rough defect area edge , decreased defect diameter , new bone formation from 4 weeks; the defect area formed a smooth , continuous bone repair from 12 weeks.The PLGA scaffold without and with SMF groups appeared rough , irregular callus repair , visible boundary between defect edge and normal bone tissue .There are still have part of unrepaired bone defect in the center of defect area in the control without and with SMF groups.At 12 weeks , the bone mineral density of PLGA/Fe-HA scaffold with SMF group [(572.50±19.09) mgHA/cm3] , respectively, compared with the PLGA scaffold with SMF group [(467.00±6.24)mgHA/cm3], the control with SMF scaffold group [(480.00±2.08) mgHA/cm3], the PLGA/Fe-HA scaffold without SMF group [(461.00±19.79)mgHA/cm3], the PL-GA scaffold without SMF group [(446.00±11.31)mgHA/cm3] and the control without SMF group [(422.00±28.28) mgHA/cm3], all the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05).The bone mineral density of PLGA/Fe-HA scaffold with SMF group at 4 weeks [(572.50±19.09)mgHA/cm3] was significantly higher than that at 12 weeks [(276.00±28.28)mgHA/cm3] (P<0.05), the differences between 4 weeks and 12 weeks in other groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The superparama-gentic PLGA/Fe-HA scaffolds can promote the repair of bone defect , optimize the osteogenic effect of the material with SMF .Also ,the scaffold showed a good biocompatibility .

Objective The expression of chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 13 (CXCL13) within liver in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients is significantly increased, but its origin and mechanism is not clear yet.The study aimed to investigate the expression of CXCL13 in the liver of mice through establishing a mouse model of PBC.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experiment group (n=20) control group(n=10).The mice in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:C) while the mice in control group were injected with PBS of the same volume.The level of serum AMA was quantified by ELISA and intrahepatic inflammatory cells were assessed by HE staining.Kupffer cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and infiltrating lymphocytes in the liver of mice were collected by in situ perfusion enzyme digestion and magnetic bead separation methods.The transcriptional level of intrahepatic CXCL13 in liver tissues and cell subpopulations were detected by qPCR.Results The serum AMA titers of the mice in experiment group increased gradually with the prolonging of modeling time and the positive rates at the 4th, 8th, and 12th week after the first injection of Poly I:C were 5.9%, 52.9% and 76.5% respectively.While the serum AMA titers of the mice in control group were at a lower level through the modeling process, with only 2 mice presenting a little higher level above positive cutoff value at the 12th week.The results of HE staining in liver tissues of both groups showed that there were a great amount of intensely infiltrating inflammatory cells in the mice of experimental group while no inflammatory cell infiltration were found in the mice of control group.The separation purity of Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in the mice of experiment group tested by flow cytometry were 76%-80%, 68%-72% respectively.Compared with the CXCL13 mRNA level in Kupffer cells [2.34(0.22-8.64)], the expression levels in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and infiltrating lymphocytes declined[0.27(0.03-1.64), 0.05(0-0.22), P<0.05].Conclusion The chemokine CXCL13 is predominantly produced by Kupffer cells in the liver of PBC mice established by Poly I:C injection.

Objective To explore the dynamic change and correlation of the behavior and hippocampal volumes by MRI of rat depressive model. Methods Based on the evaluation of ethology, thirty SD rats were randomly and equally divided into control group and model group which was exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress for 8 weeks. The body weight, fluid consumption test and Morris water maze test were done at the beginning and per week while the bilateral hippocampal volumes of every rat were measured by high field MRI at the beginning and per two weeks. Results Based on the behavioral data,the rat depressive model was established successfully,and changed dynamically. On 4th week,the left hippocampal volumes of depressive rat were significantly reduced (model group(37.13 ±2.40)mm3 ,control group (39.05 ±2.05)mm3, t=2.36, P＜0.05) while the right ones did not. On 6th week, the right ones began to reduce significantly ( model group ( 37.85 ± 2.11 ) mm3, control group ( 39.44 ± 2.10 ) mm3, t = 2.07, P ＜ 0.05 ) while the left one still reduced, but the extent of the left's reduction was bigger than the right( left:15% ,right:8% ). And there was apparent correlation between the behavior and the reduction of hippocampal volumes. Conclusion The behavior and hippocampal volumes of rat depressive model changes dynamically,and there was a regularity of them.