0.05). There were significant differences among 3- or 6- or 9- or 12-hour groups and 24- or 36-hour groups in 6, 13 ℃ and 28 ℃ respectively (P

Objective To explore the rela ti onship between the environmental temperature and the oxygen demand of [WT5” BX]Oncomelania snails, and the relationship between the hiber nation or aestivation and the oxygen demand of snails.Me thods The oxygen demand of Oncomelaniasnails between 0 ℃ and 40 ℃ was determined by increasing the temperature gradually in lab, the relationship between the environmental tempera ture and the oxygen demand, and the correlative relationship between the oxygen demand and the percentage of snails in hibernation or aestivation were analysed. Results The oxygen demand increased as the tem perature rose between 1 ℃ and 36 ℃, and the regression equation between the oxygen demand and the variation of environmental temperature was [WT5”BX ]=6.6?10 -5-3?10 -6x+4.4?10 -6x2-8?10 -8x 3(R2=0.998,F=2775,P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of cervical approach for goiter in posterior mediastinum. METHOD: According to the mechanism that goiter filed into posterior mediastinum and the dissection of thyroid gland and mediastinum, we designed the following surgery principles (1) From top to bottom. (2) Find out recurrent nerve at the place where it enters larynx, then dissect recurrent nerve as long as possible and protect it carefully, meanwhile, search thyroid vessels along recurrent nerve. (3) To avoid and uncontrollable serious hemorrhage in the operation, all normal and aberrant blood vessels must be ligated cautiously, and avoid pulling great vessels in the thoracic part. (4) Separating tumor of hemorrhage under surgical capsule. Bluntly, it can avoid damage important structure in most occasions. (5) If the tumor of hemorrhage was difficult to be separated from the surrounding structure, ask thoracic surgeon for cooperation. RESULT: Two operations case were operated under the above guideline successfully, and the operations were performed with satisfactory effect, minimal invasion, rapid recovery and low medical cost. CONCLUSION Cervical approach for goiter in mediastinum posterior is an ideal method of surgery, but it has following operative indication. (1) imaging date indicate that tumor of posterior septum is not connected to the surrounding structure. (2) It is not accompanied with superior vena cava syndrome. (3) The size of large thyroid tumor of posterior septum could be decreased by taking out the center part of tumor, and it is suitable for liquidized center tissue especially, then take out the tumor from neck. If it is hard to be taken out, you can ask thoracic surgeon for help.
Contraindications ; Female ; Goiter ; surgery ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; surgery ; Orthopedic Procedures ; methods ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To explore the safety of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with three-field lymphadenectomy (3-FL) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by comparing the short-term outcomes between the 3-FL and the two-field lymphadenectomy (2-FL) in MIE. Methods The clinical data of patients with ESCC who underwent minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy in our hospital from July 2015 to March 2022 were collected retrospectively. Patients were divided into a 3-FL group and a 2-FL group according to lymph node dissection method. And the clinical outcomes and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 257 patients with ESCC were included in this study. There were 211 males and 46 females with an average age of 62.2±8.1 years. There were 109 patients in the 3-FL group and 148 patients in the 2-FL group. The operation time of the 3-FL group was about 20 minutes longer than that of the 2-FL group (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the intraoperatve blood loss (P=0.376). More lymph nodes (P<0.001) and also more positive lymph nodes (P=0.003) were obtained in the 3-FL group than in the 2-FL group, and there was a statistical difference in the pathological N stage between the two groups (P<0.001). But there was no statistical difference in the incidence of anastomotic leak (P=0.667), chyle leak (P=0.421), recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (P=0.081), pulmonary complications (P=0.601), pneumonia (P=0.061), cardiac complications (P=0.383), overall complications (P=0.147) or Clavien-Dindo grading (P=0.152) between the two groups. Conclusion MIE 3-FL can improve the efficiency of lymph node dissection and the accuracy of tumor lymph node staging, but it does not increase the postoperative complications, which is worthy of clinical application.