Objective To explore the effect of home care on schizophrenia in rural area in Beijing. Methods A comparative study has been done between 36 patients in home care and 36 patients in hospital. All of the patients were tested with Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) before, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment and Social Disability Screening Scale (SDSS) at 6 months after treatment. Results The PANSS scores of two groups decreased significantly after the treatment (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the effective rates between the home care group (69.4%) and the hospital group (66.7%). The SDSS scores of the home care group was significantly lower than the hospital group (P<0.01). Conclusion Home care provides an efficient approach to treat schizophrenia in rural community, and it can improve the social function of the patients.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of pig lung cancer model induced by bronchial perfusion of 3,4-benzopyrene. Methods 24 experimental pig were randomly divided into model group and control group, each containing 12 cases. Experimental pigs were under the anaesthetic state, pigs in the model group were given endobronchial infusion of 3,4 - benzopyrene - corn oil mixture, pigs in control group were injected with equal capacity of corn oil.Perfusion 1 times a week for 16 weeks.In week 16,32 and 48,all experimental pig were given lung CT scans, then the lung lesions were observed.After 48 weeks, the pig lung, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract, liver and brain and other organs were dissected, the presence of tumor formation was observed, and the mass, and experimental pig lung biopsy were given hematoxylin and eosin staining analysis. Results Lung cancers were not found in control group by both CT lung cancers and anatomy. In the model group, pulmonary CT showed space-occupying lesions with different location and size in lungs of 8 pigs, and the space-occupying lesions were confirmed as malignant tumors by pathology, including 3 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, 2 cases of highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case of alveolar cell carcinoma,2 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. Three other pigs and pigs in the control group were not found with tumor by both lung CT and anatomy. Pigs in model group were induced successfully to malignant tumor in 1 year , the total tumor formation rate was 75%,lung tumor formation rate was 66.66%. Conclusion The trachea bronchial perfusion of 3,4- benzopyrene is a simple,safe and reliable way to construct animal models of lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To explain the current situation of the study on Chinese herb nephropathy (CHN), clarify the concept of CHN and investigate the pathogenesis, also suggest the measures for the prevention and treatment of CHN.DATA SOURCES: Articles about kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid (AA) published in English between January 1994 and April 2006 were searched in Pubmed database by using the keywords of "kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid (AA), nephropathy induced by aristolochic acid (AA), Chinese herb nephropathy (CHN)". Other articles were collected by the specific name of journals and title of papers by retrieving VIP database.STUDY SELECTION: The original articles were checked primarily, those about kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine containing AA were selected, those obviously irrelevant ones were excluded, and the full-texts of the involved articles were searched manually.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 86 articles were collected, 20 of them were involved, and the other 66 repetitive studies or reviews were excluded:DATA SYNTHESIS: At present, kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine has not attracted enough attentions in Chinese, and effective monitoring system should be established. The diagnosis and pathogenesis of nephropathy induced by AA are still unclear, and the prevention is the main treatment. Therefore, we should realize its harmfulness, and reinforce its basic and clinical researches.CONCLUSION: The main damage in kidney caused by AA focuses on the renal tubulointerstitial matrix. Renal glomerulus is rarely involved in the toxic process. Clinical manifestations also reflect the impairment of renal tubules and interstitium such as interstitial fibrosis. A more effective diagnosis monitoring and screening system should be set up in order to mesh the patients at the early stage. A more stringent method for classification of the species in fourstamen stephania root family will be established to avoid confusion and error. More valid therapeutic channels should investigate for its remedy.

Objective To discuss the efficacy and safety of sodium tanshinone ⅡA combined with edaravone in treatment of acute cerebral infarction.Methods 100 cases of acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups.The control group (50 cases) was treated with edaravone.The observation group (50 cases) was treated with sodium tanshinone ⅡA combined with edaravone.The efficacy of sodium tanshinone ⅡA combined with edaravone in treatment of acute cerebral infarction was evaluated by the efficacy at 1 month after treatment,ESS scores,SF-36 scores before and after treatment and adverse reaction during treatment.Results After treatment,the effective rate of observation group was 90.0％ and control group was 72.0％.The effective rate of observation group was higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the value before treatment,the ESS scores of two groups were increased after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).3 d,7 d,14 d after treatment,the ESS scores of observation group was higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistical significance on SF-36 between two groups.After treatment,the SF-36 scores were increased in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).During treatment,there were no statistical significance on adverse reaction between two groups.Conclusion Sodium tanshinone ⅡA combined with edaravone had a good therapeutic effect on acute cerebral infarction.It could improve the quality of life and neurological function with high safety.It was worthy of clinical application.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hiccup ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Intestines ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Qi ; Stomach ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antiemetics in cancer patients. METHODS:The utilization of antiemetics in cancer outpatients and inpatients from 87 hospitals involved inHospital Prescription Analysisproject during 2012-2014 was analyzed statistically by time or by hospital category. RESULTS:14 antiemetics were used in 87 hospitals during 2012-2014. The consumption sum and person number of antiemetics in cancer outpatients were 5763000 yuan and 34000 persons [22000 yuan/(year·hospital),133.1 person/(year·hospital) in average];those of cancer inpatients were 61711000 yuan and 515000 persons [256000 yuan/(year·hospital),2137.9 person/(year·hospital) in average];those of outpatient were lower than those of inpatient. The ratio of consumption sum of antiemetics in cancer outpatients and inpatients were 5.2‰-34.0‰;the ratio of person number ranged 2.9%-10.9%. Those of inpatient were higher than those of outpatient;those of special hospital were higher than those of comprehensive hospital. Main drugs included ondansetron,tropisetron,metoclopramide and palonosetron. CONCLU-SIONS:Antiemetics are frequently used in cancer patients,especially for 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and metoclopramide.

Objective:To optimize the formulation of HA-CA liposomes and to study the anti-tumor effect of HA-CA liposomes on uterine cervical carcinoma mice.Methods:The methods of preparing HA-CA liposomes were screened,and the optimal fomulation was selected by the orthogonal design experiment with the the phospholipids/cholesterol ratio,the drug/lipids ratio and the pH value of PBS buffer was 7.4 as entrapment enfficiency was the index.The release of HA-CA liposomes was studyed by dialysis bag method.Uterine cervical carcinoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously into right axillary ofBal b/c mice,after continuous treatment of 14 d,we weighed the tumor and calculated the rate of tumor growth inhibition.Results:HA-CA liposomes were prepared by thin film hydration methods.The optimal parameters were as follows:the phospholipids/cholesterol ratio was 4∶1,the drug/lipids ratio was 1∶ 30,the pH value of PBS buffer was 7.4.The release curve of HA-CA liposome and CA liposome was basically the same,both of which a sustained-release efficacy.The cumulative release of HA-CA liposomes and CA liposomes were 78.39％ and 83.01％ at 48h.The inhibition rate of HA-CA liposomes on U14 cervical cancer mice was 60.39％ and significantly higher than that of positive control group,which was higher than that of CA and CA liposomes.Conclusions:HA-CA liposomes can significantly inhibit the effect of U14 cervical cancer nude mice higher than that of CA and CA liposomes owe to the modification of the active target ligand HA.

Objective To explore the clinical features of female recurrent major depression(MD) patients with and without suicidal ideation.Methods 301 female recurrent major depression patients were interviewed by specially trained interviewers using computer evaluation system and divided into suicidal ideation group and non-suicidal ideation group according to suicidal ideation.The comparisons between the two groups were investigated on items of demographic, clinical data, assessment of psychopathology, Eysenck neuroticism questionnaire, stressful life events.Results 66.4％ of MD patients have suicidal ideation.Compared with non-suicidal ideation group, there were more total number of MD symptoms (8.58±0.77, OR=2.476, P=1.154× 10-9) and melancholia symptoms (6.74±1.07, OR=1.546, P=0.001) and it was more common in the factors of less appetite (OR=2.201, P=0.011), lose weight (OR=2.030, P=0.004), early morning awakening (OR=1.774, P=0.045), worthless (OR =2.352, P=0.014), impaired decision-making (OR=2.044, P=0.018), hopelessness (OR=7.130, P=6.651 × 10-9) ,helpless (OR=2.046, P=0.049) in suicidal ideation group.Also in suicidal ideation group the scores of neuroticism dimension (OR=1.631, P=0.024) were higher, and they were more suffered from stressful life events (OR=1.302, P=0.008).Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that total number of MD symptoms (OR=4.840, P=1.154×10-8) ,stressful life events (OR=1.392, P=0.014) and hopelessness (OR=3.528, P=0.008)were significantly associated with suicidal ideation.Conclusion Specific clinical features are associated with suicidal ideation among female patients of recurrent depression disorder.Hopelessness, stressful life events are risk factors of suicide ideation in female recurrent major depression patients.Integrated clinical assessment should be taken for recurrent major depression patients with suicidal ideation.

Objective To explore the clinical features of female diagnosed recurrent major depression (MD) comorbidity with general anxiety disorder (GAD).Methods 301 females patients with recurrent major depression were interviewed by specially trained interviewers with using computer evaluation system and divided into comorbidity group and non-comorbidity group according to whether comorbid MD with GAD or without GAD.The comparison between the two groups included items of demographic,clinical data,assessment of psychopathology,Eysenck neuroticism questionnaire (EPQ),stressful life events,parental bonding instrument.Results 25.2％ of patients of MD coexistence GAD.There was no significant difference in sociodemographic data between the two groups.Significant differences among total number of depression symptoms(OR=1.439,95％ CI =1.049-1.975,P =0.024),duration of illness(OR=1.253,95％ CI =1.010-1.475,P=0.048),psychomotor agitation(OR=2.031,95％ CI =1.123-3.676,P=0.019),suicidal thought(OR=2.228,95％ CI =1.010-4.912,P=0.047),anxiety(OR =5.547,95％ CI =1.935-15.896,P=0.001),irritable(OR=1.956,95％ CI =1.081-3.542,P=0.027) were identified between the two group.In the comorbidity group,the score of nenroticism dimention derived from EPQ was also higher(OR=2.287,95％ CI =1.674-3.124,P=2.287× 10-7) than that of non-comorbidity group.There was no significant difference of stressful life events between two groups(OR=1.118,95％ CI =0.913-1.368,P=0.280).Conclusion This study suggests the phenomena that female patients of recurrent depression disorder comorbidity with general anxiety disorders is common in clinical.The patients comorbid MD and GAD have more symptoms,neuroticism and be worse in severity.

Objective To explore the effect of rehabilitation training on learning and memorial ability and long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal region CA3 in rats with cerebral infarction. Methods 30 male rats were randomly divide into model group, rehabilitation training group and normal group with 10 cases in each group. Photochemical method was used to induce hippocampal infarction. The performance of Y-maze test and moving-back with current stimulation experiment were recorded. The increase rate of population spike (PS) in hippocampal region CA3 and PS latent period were compared. Results The frequency of training of Y-maze test was less after rehabilitation training, the latent period of moving-back with current stimulation experiment prolonged, and the PS latent period was shortened. Conclusion Rehabilitation training may strengthen the LTP effect in hippocampal region CA3, and improve the learning efficiency