Objective To seek for the differentially-expressed proteins in patients with kidney-yin deficiency syndrome and to screen out the specific proteins,so as to provide evidence for the establishment of objective standard of kidney deficiency syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods Five patients with typical kidney-yin deficiency syndrome and 6 normal healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study.Plasma proteins in both groups were detected by antibody chip,and then the plasma proteins profile was compared and analyzed.Results A total of 25 differentially-expressed proteins between kidney-yin deficiency group and normal control group were found,of which 2 were up-regulated and 23 were down-regulated.Conclusion The differentially-expressed proteins in patients with kidney-yin deficiency syndrome are mainly related to immune disorder,protein biosynthesis,metabolism,oxidative stress,cell apoptosis,signal transduction,and so on.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is the initiator of RNA interference and inhibits gene expression by targeted degradation of specific messenger RNA. siRNA-mediated gene regulation has high efficiency and specificity and exhibits great significance in the treatment of diseases. However, the naked or unmodified siRNA has poor stability, easy to degrade by nuclease, short half-life, and low intracellular delivery. As an emerging non-viral nucleic acid delivery system, ionizable lipid nanoparticles play an important role in improving the druggability of siRNA. At present, one siRNA drug based on ionizable lipid nanoparticles has been approved for the treatment of rare disease. This review introduces the research progress in ionizable lipid nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, focusing on the effect of each component of lipid nanoparticles on the efficiency of siRNA-mediated gene silencing, which provides new references for the studies on ionizable lipid nanocarriers for siRNA delivery.

Objective To investigate the clinical and MRI characteristics of reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES).Methods The clinical data,MRI features and follow-up results of 18 patients with RESLES were analyzed retrospectively.Results The average age of the patients was younger,and 5 cases were below 1 5 years old.Clinical history and MRI features were characterized.About 67%(12/18)patients had fever,headache,encephalitis,history,without long history of alcohol abuse.MRI revealed that the lesions of splenial of corpus callosum were solitary nodule with clear boundary.The lesions were slightly hyperintensity on T2 WI and obviouslyhyperintensity on FLAIR and DWI,while the they show hypointensity on ADC with the ADC value <1×10-3 mm2/s.No edema or significant enhancement were observed.The lesions may completely disappear or relief on DWI after short treatment.Conclusion RESLES is a rare entity with a broad clinicoradiological spectrum.The MRI features are characteristic,and it will provide helpful information for diagnosis, differential diagnosis and clinical treatment.

Purpose To observe white matter structure features of patients with early stage (Hoehn-Yahr 1-2 phase) Parkinson''s disease (PD) by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) based on the fiber bundle analysis tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS); and to explore the brain regions of PD patients in which DTI parameters are significantly correlated with unified Parkinson''s disease rating scale (UPDRS) score elevation. Materials and Methods DTI sequence was performed on 27 cases of PD and 30 cases of healthy volunteers. DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were analyzed in all participants by using TBSS technique, and the parameters of two groups were compared. The correlation of clinical UPDRS score with FA value, MD and RD value in the PD group were analyzed.Results Compared with that in the control group, FA values of several brain regions in PD group decreased, while MD and RD value increased (P<0.05). AD showed no obvious change (P>0.05). UPDRS score of PD group was correlated with FA, MD and RD value (P=0.001). The brain regions that showed FA value decreased, MD and RD value increased included corpus callosum, left anterior limb of internal capsule, bilateral anterior radial crown, bilateral superior radial crown and left posterior thalamic radiation (P=0.001).Conclusion There is some changes in white matter structure of the patients with early stage Parkinson''s disease, which may due to demyelination or fiber integrity damaged.

Abstract: Total RNA was isolated from Siraitia grosvenorii fruit by the method of modified Trizol, according to S. grosvenorii fruit characteristics of rich phenols, polysaccharide, oil and proteins. The OD260/280, OD260/230, RNA integrity (RIN) and yield of the total RNA with this method were 2.01, 2.02, 9.50 and 260 mirog.g-1, respectively. The open reading frame (ORF) of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), named as SgDHAR, was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and RT-PCR method from S. grosvenorii. The GenBank accession number for this gene is KC907731. The SgDHAR gene contains a full-length cDNA of 1,252 bp including ORF of 819 bp and encodes a predicted protein of 272 amino acids. The molecular mass is 30.217 7 kD and the isoelectric point is 8.76. Homology comparison showed that it shared 87% nucleotide sequence homology with Cucumis sativus. Expression patterns using qRT-PCR analysis showed that SgDHAR was mainly expressed in fruit and stem, followed by flower, and was lowest in root, while the expression level was 6.83 times in triploid. T than that in diploid. Therefore, SgDHAR gene may be involved in abortion of triploid seedless S. grosvenorii.

Objective To understand the correlation between psychological counseling behaviors of accompanying family members and anxiety and depression of inpatients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Used self-designed questionnaires to investigate the behaviors of 45 accompanying family members psychological counseling for their relative hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, at the same time, evaluated the anxiety and depression among those 45 hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, then analyzed the correlation between the accompanying family members' psychological counseling behaviors and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients' anxiety and depression. Results Among the accompanying family members,53.3%(24/45) were the spouses of the patients. During the accompanying nursing time, there were 20.0%(9/45) accompanying families told to their relative patients less than 2 hours per day, and 80.0%(36/45) told to the patients over 2 hours per day. The proportion of anxiety and depression in the hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was 28.9%(13/45) and 77.8% (34/45) respectively. Whether the relationship between the accompanying family members and the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were spouse relationship was related to the incidence of depression in the patients (χ2=10.470, P=0.005), and whether the time accompanying family members spent in talking with the patients over 2 hours every day was correlative with the incidence of anxiety and depression in the patients (χ2=7.012, P =0.030 andχ2=6.438, P=0.040). The patients who accompanying families told to them less than 2 hours per day suffered a higher depression rate (8/9), and among the patients who accompanying families told to them over 2 hours per day, the lowest rate of anxiety (1/12) was found in the patients who accompanying families told to them around 4.1-6.0 hours per day. Conclusions The patients who are accompanied and cared by their spouses have lower depression rate and lesser depression extent. The accompanying families talk to the patients total 4.1-6.0 hours per day could most favorably reduce the incidence of anxiety and depression in the hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo study the molecular genetic mechanism of para-bombay phenotype in two individuals.MethodsThe proband was a female.When the proband donated blood,because the forward blood group wasn't coincident with her reverse blood group,the blood and saliva specimen from proband and her family members were sent to Guangzhou Blood Center for further identification.Routine serological techniques were used to determine proband's and her family members' blood group and ABH antigen in saliva.The coding regions of FUT1 and FUT2 gene,exon 6 and exon 7 of ABO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using proband's and her family members' genomic DNA.All amplified products were analyzed after being directly sequenced.The two-base deletion regions of FUT1 gene were certified by cloning and haplotype sequencing.Results Proband's and her little brother's blood group were identified as para-bombay while other family members' blood group were normal.Two-base deletion heterozygous mutations of FUT1 gene were found in proband and her brother,AG deletion at position 547-552 and TT deletion at position 880-882,which caused a reading frame shift and a premature stop eodon.Meanwhile,880-882del TT heterozygous mutation was found in proband's grandfather and her father and 547-552del AG heterozygous mutation was found in proband's mother and her little sister.ResultsOf cloning and haplotype sequencing certified that these two-base deletion mutations occurred at 547-548 and 881-882 position respectively.Three new mutations were found in FUT2 gene,390C ＞ T,418A ＞ T and 749G ＞ A,which could cause the change of amino acid at position 140Ile ＞ Phe and 250Arg ＞ Gln.Conclusions Two-base deletion heterozygous mutations in different positions in FUT1 gene were found in 2 individuals,which maybe the molecular genetic mechanism of para-bombay phenotype.Heterozygous deletion mutation in one-strand DNA wouldn't change the ABO blood group.Three new mutations were also found in FUT2 gene.( Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:815-819)

Objective To compare the effects of methods of general anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Methods One thousand ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 18-60 yr, undergoing non-cardiac surgery were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 200 each) : isoflurane + propofol + fentanyl group (group IPF); isoflurane + remifentanil group (group IR) ; sevoflurane + propofol + fentanyl group (group SPF) ; sevoflurane + remifentanil group (group SR) ; propofol + remifentanil group (group PR) . Two hundred non-operative patients served as control group (group C) . In groups IPF and SPF, anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 1.68% isoflurane or 1.71 % sevoflurane, TCI of propofol with the target plasma concentration of 2-5 μg/ml, and intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl. In groups IR, SR and PR, anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 1.68% isoflurane or 1.71% sevoflurane, or TCI of propofol with the target plasma concentration of 2- 5 μg/ml, and TCI of remifentanil with the target plasma concentration of 2-6 ng/ml. The patients' cognitive function was assessed using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) at 1 d before operation, while leaving postanesthesia care unit (PACU) , and at 1 and 3 d after operation. The Z score was used to identify the cognitive dysfunction as recommended by Moller while leaving PACU, and at 1 and 3 d after operation. Results Compared with group C, the MMSE score was significantly decreased while leaving PACU , and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction increased while leaving PACU and at 1 d after operation in the other groups ( P ＜ 0.05). Compared with groups IPF,IR,SPF and PR, the incidence of cognitive dysfunction was significantly increased in group SR ( P ＜ 0.05) . Conclusion General anesthesia with sevoflurane combined remifentanil exerts less effect on the postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

The effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on potassium-chloride cotransporter-2 (KCC2) protein expression following spinal cord injury (SCI) and the action mechanism were investigated.SCI models were established in SD rats.Five groups were set up randomly:normal control group,SCI 7-day (7D) model group,SCI 14-day (14D) model group,SCI-7D rTMS group and SCI-14D rTMS group (n=5 each).The rats in SCI rTMS groups were treated with 10 Hz rTMS from 8th day and 15th day after SCI respectively,once every day,5 days every week,a total of 4 weeks.After the model establishment,motor recovery and spasticity alleviation were evaluated with BBB scale once a week till the end of treatment.Finally,different parts of tissues were dissected out for detection of variations of KCC2 protein using Western blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.The results showed that the BBS scores after treatment were significantly higher in SCI-7D rTMS group than in SCI-14D rTMS group (P＜0.05).As compared with normal control groups,The KCC2 protein in SCI model groups was down-regulated after SCI,and the decrease was much more significant in SCI-14D model group than in SCI-7D group (P＜0.05).As compared with SCI model groups,KCC2 protein in rTMS groups was up-regulated after the treatment (P＜0.05).The up-regulation of KCC2 protein content and expression was more obvious in SCI-7D rTMS group than in SCI-14D rTMS group (P＜0.05).It was concluded that 10 Hz rTMS can alleviate spasticity in rats with SCI,which might be attributed to the up-regulation of KCC2 protein.It was also suggested that the high-frequency rTMS treatment after SCI at early stage might achieve more satisfactory curative effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE: To detect porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) in Daweizi pigs and to provide basic parameters of evaluating the biological safety for xenotransplantation from pigs to humans. METHODS: Ear tissues from 42 individuals were randomly collected from a Daweizi pig population. PCR and RT-PCR were performed to detect PERV proviral DNA and mRNA respectively. Finally, env-A, env-B, and env-C were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed using the BLAST software in National Center for Biotechnology Information. RESULTS: PERV proviral DNA and mRNA could be detected in the 42 individuals by PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. env-A, env-B and env-C were detected in all the individuals. Compared with other pig species (AY288779, DQ011794 and AY534304), there was 1 and 8 bp differences in the sequences of env-A and env-C, while no difference in env-B. CONCLUSION PERV exists and has transcriptive activity in Daweizi pigs. The predominate subtype is PERV-ABC. Env genes are firstly cloned and sequenced in Daweizi pigs and there are polymorphism in the breed. As to the biological safety, the breed was not suitable as a donor in xenotransplantation.
Animals ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Endogenous Retroviruses ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Swine ; virology ; Transplantation, Heterologous