Objective To investigate whether the skin-derived neural stem cells inducted by the culture could survive,differentiate and migrate in the lesioned site of rat spinal cord.Methods The skin of new born rat trans-gene of green fluorescence protein(GFP) was applied to be dissociated into cells,cultured and inducted to proliferate in vitro.Skin-derived neural stem cells were identified by immunocytochemistry staining.Then,skin-derived neural stem cells inducted by the culture were transplanted into the lesioned site of rat spinal cord hemisection.Thirty days and sixty days after the operation,the survival,migration and differentiation of transplanted cells were observed by immunocytochemistry staining. Results Ten days at cultured skin-dissociated cells,many cell-spheres had been formed by the proliferation of suspensive growing cells.These cell-spheres showed nestin positive staining of immunocytochemistry.It suggestes that the cell-spheres are neurospheres.In vivo,many transplanted skin-derived neural stem cells with GFP were observed in the lesioned area of spinal cord.Some transplanted cells migrated into host spinal cord tissue far away from the lesioned area.Some transplanted surviving cells showed nestin,MAP2 and GFAP positive staining of immunocytochemistry separately.Conclusion Skin-derived neural stem cells inducted by the culture may survive,migrate and differentiate into neuron-like cells and astrocyte-like cells in injured spinal cord of rat.

Objective To explore the effects of Ganoderma spore(germination activated Ganoderma spore) on survival and expression of neurotrophin_3(NT_3) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) of injured motor neurons in rat spinal cord. Methods Different dosages of Gandoerma spore were irrigated into the rat's stomach respectively in experimental groups after oneside ventral root cut.The survival ratio of injured motor neurons was counted.NT_3 expression of surviving motor neurons was measured by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization methods and NOS activity was measured by enzymo_histochemistry method. Results Thirty_five days after ventral root cut,the survival ratio of motor neurons was 47.32% in control group,and those were 67.11%,72.67% and 81.67% respectively in low,medial and high dosage Ganoderma spore groups.Expressions of NT_3 and NOS of surviving motor neurons in high dosage Ganoderma spore group were higher than those in control group.Conclusion Ganoderma spore may promote the survival of injured spinal motor neurons,and survival ratio of injured motor neurons is related to the dosages of Ganoderma spore.Ganoderma spore may also enhance the expressions of NT_3 and NOS of surviving spinal motor neurons.

Minerals and trace elements are a general name for a variety of elements that constitute human tissues and maintain normal physiological functions. The single-nucleotide polymor-phism ( SNP) can affect the metabolism, disposition and effect of minerals and trace elements, causing changes in body function. In this review, we will summarize pharmacogenomics research based on the current knowledge from minerals and trace ele-ments.

Objective To investigate the association between preoperative serum TSH level and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).Methods The relationship between TSH concentration and differentiated thyroid cancer in 400 qualified patients with thyroid nodules was retrospectively analyzed from January 2009 to December2011 in our hospital.Based on the TSH values,the patients were divided into five groups.Results Preoperative serum TSH level in DTC group was higher than that in benign thyroid nodales group [(2.94 ± 1.74 vs1.92 ± 1.45) μ IU/ml,P＜0.01].The risk of DTC increased as serum level of TSH rose in the patients with thyroid nodule.The incidences of DTC were 27.8％,34.0％,40.0％,63.4％,and 70.2％ respectively in groups with TSH＜0.27,0.27-1.44,1.45-2.19,2.20-4.20,and ＞4.20 μIU/ml groups.TSH level in the group with cervical lymph node metastasis was higher than that without metastasis (P＜0.01).Conclusions The likelihood of thyroid cancer increases with increased serum TSH concentration.High TSH level seems to be associated with lymph node metastasis.Preoperative serum TSH level might be a risk predictor for DTC.

BACKGROUND: The low survival rate of neuron cells is one of the main mechanisms of stem cell allograft, which might lead to the failure of allograft. Nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) is one of main transcription factors for cell signaling transduction and participates in call proliferation and differentiation.OBJECTIVE: To study the differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) into neuron-like cells induced by ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and Compound Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection in vitro, and the expression of NF- kB.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The experiment at cell molecular level was performed at the Oral Science Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College from March to May 2008.MATERIALS: A total of 10 Sprague Dawley neonatal rats aged 7 days were supplied by Experimental Animal Center, Liaoning Medical University. CNTF (Sigma, USA) and Compound Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection (Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmacantical Co.,Ltd., China) were used in this study.METHODS: Rat MDSCs were harvested in vitro, pudfied by differential adherence and enzyme digestion, and incubated in 6-well plate. Samples in the induction group were incubated in DMEM containing CNTF for 24 hours. The medium was changed.Subsequently, samples were dnsed three times, and then incubated in serum-free DMEM supplemented with Compound Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection for 5 hours. Samples in the control group were treated with serum-free DMEM.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neurofilament protein and NF-KB inhibitor protein expression were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Westem blotting.RESULTS: No neurofilament protein expression was found in MDSCs before induction, and neurofilament protein-positive MDSCs were detected following induction. Results of gel electrophoresis and Westam blot showed that no significant differences in NF-kB inhibitor protein expression were determined in the control group, and NF-kB inhibitor protein expression was significantly decreased in the induction group after induction.CONCLUSION: CNTF and Compound Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection could inhibit the activation of NF-kB and induce the differentiation of MDSCs into neuron-like cells.Zeng XY, Wang W, Sun L, Zhang L, Zeng LD.Differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells into neuron-like cells induced by ciliary neurotrophic factor and Compound Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection in vitro.Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu yu Linchuang Kangfu.2009;13(27): 5336-5340. [http://www.crter.cn http://en.zglckf.com]

Objective To assess the renal safety of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods A retrospective study was performed on 1 013 CHB patients from Chinese ADV multicenter clinical trials (ADF30001 and ADF106632).All patients were administrated with ADV 10 mg daily.The serum creatinine and phosphorus levels were measured in different time pointsduring 104-week treatment.Nephrotoxicity was defined as an increase ≥44.2 μ mol/L from baseline in serum creatinine or a serum phosphorus value of ＜ 0.4845 mmol/L on two consecutive occasions.Paired t test was used to analyze serum creatinine and phosphorous data before treatment and at different time points during treatment.Results At week 28,week 52,week 80 and week 104,the median levels of serum creatinine were 74.963,76.996,76.820 and 77.969 μmol/L,respectively,and there were no significant differences from baseline (t =0.91,0.23,0.59 and 0.97,P ＞ 0.05).No patient experienced a ≥ 44.2 μmol/L increase from baseline.For serum phosphorus,the median levels at week 28,week 80 and week 104 were 1.098,1.088 and 1.048 mmol/L,and there were significant decreases from baseline (t =2.34,3.06 and 4.94,P ＜0.05 or ＜ 0.01).The cumulative incidence of serum phosphorus abnormality was 0.8％ (8/104).There were no confirmed serum phosphorous decreases to ＜ 0.4845 mmol/L.Conclusion Two years treatment with ADV (10 mg/d) does not result in marked nephrotoxicity,indicating that ADV 10 mg daily is well tolerated by Chinese patients.

Objective To compare and analyze the biomechanical strengths of 4 different fixations for the posterolateral shearing tibial plateau fracture. Methods The posterolateral shearing fracture models were created in 40 synthetic tibia (SYNBONE, right) and randomly assigned into 4 groups. Group A was instrumented with 2 lag screws, group B with anteromedial LC-DCP, group C with lateral locking plate,and group D with posterolateral buttress plate. Vertical displacements of the posterolateral fragments and failure loads were measured under axial loads from 500 N to 1500 N. Results The vertical displacements in groups A, B, C and D were respectively(0. 459 ±0. 045) mm, (0. 365 ±0. 035) mm, (0. 264 ±0. 025)mm and (0. 128 ± 0. 018) mm under axial loads of 500 N, (1. 058 ± 0. 091 ) mm, (0. 882 ± 0. 053 ) mm,(0.551±0.053) mm and (0.440±0.068) mm under 1000 N, and (1.559±0.097) mm, (1.466±0. 079) mm, (1. 291 ±0. 077) mm and (0. 832 ±0. 130) mm under 1500 N. The differences between the 4 groups were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0. 05) . The loads to failure in groups A, B, C and D were respectively (1870 ± 156) N, (2520 ± 186) N, (2816 ± 190) N and (3465 ±210) N. The differences between the 4 groups were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The posterolateral buttress plate may be the biomechanically best fixation method for the posterolateral shearing tibial plateau fracture.

Objective To establish a quality standard of Hovenia dulics Thunb. Method The presence of quercetin was identified and assayed by TLC and HPLC, respectively. Result Linearity of marker was obtained over the range of 1.32 ～ 5.28 ?g (r =0.9999). The average recovery rate was 98.78% (RSD=1.08%). Conclusion TLC is specific. The method of quality is accurate, reappearance, simple, rapid, and suitable for the quality control of Hovenia dulcis Thunb.

Objective To study the number changes of blood CD4+CD25+T cells and its significance in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods Wistar rats were induced by guinea pig spinal cord homogenate (GPSCH) to establish EAE models.The number of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+T cells in EAE was detected by flow cytometry and compared with normal rats.The behavior and the pathological changes of brain and spine cord of rats were observed to ascertain EAE model successful.Results The achievement ratio of EAE model was 48.9%.The number of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+T cells of EAE rats( 5.29?4.00) was significantly lower than that in the control group( 12.61?2.24, P