Dry age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a prevalent form of irreversible blindness worldwide in the elderly population with an increasing incidence in China.It is found that some dry AMD will develop to wet AMD and therefore damage visual function.Pathogenesis of AMD is below understand now,but it is thought to be related to the light-induced ocular damage,oxidative stress response,extracellular disposition and immunology.Up to now,effective and safe prevention and treatment methods of AMD are still studying,especially wet AMD,but the concern on dry AMD is not enough.Some basic and clinical pharmaceutics researches on AMD include antioxidants,anti-extracellular disposition drugs and anti-inflammatory agents.With the rise of aging population,we should pay special attention to the research on pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of dry AMD.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of National Early Warning Scores (NEWS) combined with arterial lactate level in elderly patients with critical illness in emergency department.Methods A total of 413 elderly patients with critical illness randomly (random number) selected from resuscitation room in emergency department from September 2013 to July 2015 were enrolled in this study.NEWS system was employed to determine the patients' condition.Arterial lactate level was detected.The patients were followed for the 30-day death by telephone calls and patients were divided into survival group and death group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the prognostic values of NEWS score,arterial lactate level,and NEWS score combined with arterial lactate level in patients without survival.Results There were significant differences in NEWS score and arterial lactate level between the death group and the survival group.The results of multiple factor regression showed that NEWS score,arterial lactate level,and NEWS score combined with arterial lactate level were all independent predictors of 30-day death (P ＜ 0.05,OR ＞ 1).The AUCs of the three evaluation modalities were 0.721,0.746 and 0.762,respectively.There was a significant difference in the area under the ROC curve between NEWS score and NEWS score combined with arterial lactate level.The optimal cut-off point of NEWS score was 7,and arterial lactate level was 2.7 mmol/L.Conclusions NEWS score,arterial lactate level,and NEWS score combined with arterial lactate level were independent predictors of 30-day death in elderly patients with critical illness in emergency department.They all had some predictive value,and NEWS score combined with arterial lactate level had higher capability to predict 30-day death in elderly patients with critical illness in emergency department than NEWS score alone.

Objective To probe into the mechanisms of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in osteosarcoma and to provide basis for gene therapy. Methods A 1.0 kb cDNA fragment of human BMP-2 gene was inserted reversely into PDOR and Human antisense BMP-2 retrovirus expression vector was constructed. The recombinant retroviral vector was transfected into human osteosarcoma cells OS-9901 with liposome AMINE that expressed abundant BMP. Positive cell clones were selected with G 418. The expression of BMP and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was determined by immunohistochemical ABC methods. The osteosarcoma cell cycle was analysed by flowcytometry, and the changes were observed by electronmicroscope. Results The expression of cellular BMP and PCNA in the transfected osteosarcoma cells decreased obviously (t=24.01， 26.09, respectively, P

Vitreo-retinal surgery is one of the effective methods in treating severe vitreoretinopathy.However,there remains great variance in surgical quality,outcomes and success rates among hospitals of different areas in China.This article focuses on how to im- prove in surgical outcomes and success rate as well as to avoid complications of vitreo-retinal surgery.Specific issues are addressed on such as indications and timing of vitreo-retinal surgery,management of pre-operative patients,applications of new appliances and mate- rials,maneuver of surgical techniques and nurturing appropriate habits of surgery.

Objective To culture human pituitary adenoma cells to provide some useful experimental foundations to practice pituitary adenoma cells as donor cells in the extracranial implantation. Methods Human pituitary adenoma cells obtained by operation were cultured in vitro, and their growth state was dynamically observed. Immunohistochemical staining and RIA were used to evaluate their functional status. Results The cultured pituitary adenoma cells still had secretory function in vitro. 6 cases of GH adenoma cells secreted a large amount of GH, 5 cases of PRL adenoma cells secreted a large amount of PRL, and 3 cases of pituitary adenoma cells without function could also secrete a small quantity of FSH, LH and PRL. Conclusion 14 cases of cultured human pituitary adenoma cells had secretory function in vitro, which provides the useful experimental data to perform extracranial implantation with pituitary adenoma cells as donor cells.

The relationship between probiotics and host intestinal immune system was reviewed. Then, as a new immunomodulator, the mechanisms and clinical uses of probiotics were discussed.

BACKGROUND: What role tumor-related genes play in the process of tumor generation, development, metastasis and prognosis has always been a thorny issue in medical field?OBJECTIVE: To study the detection of gene mutation in tumor by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) and automated DNA se+uence analysis and the change of p53 gene and p53 protein during the development and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma so as to provide basis for evaluating the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.DESIGN: Single sample study using the tissue specimen as subject.SETTING: Department of oncology in an affiliated hospital of a military medical university.PARTICIPANTS: We collected the primary focus and liver metastasis focus specimens from 41 patients with colon cancer who had hepatectomy because of liver metastasis 5 months to 5 years after radical operation for coloncancer. They were inpatients in Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, from January 1994 to December 2000.METHODS: p53 gene(exons 5- 11) mutation of primary focus and liver metastasis focus specimens from 41 cases of colon cancer was examined by DGGE and automated DNA sequencing. Expression of p53 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry.histochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Detection of the mutation of p53 gene by DGGE;②Analysis of p53 gene sequence;③Results of p53 immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: p53 gene mutation was detected in exons 5 - 9 in 24 out of 41patients(62% ) . Among them, 6 patients had p53 mutation in liver metastasis. The others had consistent mutations in both primary coloreetal and hepatic metastatic lesions. In addition, p53 mutation was also found in the metastatic lesion in three patients. Among the 16 cases of mutation in primary colorectal and hepatic metastatic lesions, 14 cases showed that the ratio of p53 base peak to normal peak was significantly higher in hepatic metastatic lesions than in primary colorectal lesions(P ＜ 0. 001) . Results of p53 immunohistochemical staining were highly consistent with those of DGGE and DNA sequence analysis. However, gene analysis detected focus with nonsense mutation while immunohistochemistry detected overexpression of p53 protein.CONCLUSION: p53 mutation, in patients with colorectal carcinoma followed by hepatic metastases, mostly originates from primary colorectal lesion and then is kept and metastasizes into hepatic cells. The amount of mutated p53 gene and the number of tumor cells containing p53 mutation are increased in hepatic metastatic lesion. P53 mutation is positively correlated with overexpression of p53 protein.

Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Churg-Strauss Syndrome ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the status of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) in Huai'an City in 2011 and to provide a scientific basis for adopting target prevention strategies timely and adjusting the intervention policy scientifically.Methods According to The National Project of Surveillance on IDD,probability sampling method (PPS) was used to select 30 counties in Huai'an City,and one primary school was selected randomly from each county,then 40 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school.Children's thyroids were examined by palpation and the iodine in salt samples collected in their home was tested by direct titration.At the same time,urine samples from 12 children of the 40 selected children were collected and urinary iodine was tested by As(Ⅲ)-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Questionnaire survey of IDD was conducted among 30 students of grade 5 and 5 housewives around that school.Results A total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were examined,and the goiter rate was 1.3％(15/1200).All the goiters were level Ⅰ.The goiters of each age group was 0.8％(3/390),1.8％(7/390) and 1.3％(5/420),respectively.The 360 urine samples were collected from children aged 8-10,and the median of urinary iodine was 171.5 μg/L with the proportions of ＜ 20 μg/L,＜ 50 μg/L and ＜ 100 μg/L were 0(0/360),1.1％ (4/360) and 5.6％ (20/360),respectively.A total of 1200 salt samples were tested in children's family.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.4％ (1193/1200) and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.7％ (1165/1193).The consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.1％(1165/1200),and non iodized salt rate was 0.6％(7/1200).The knowledge rates of IDD were 82.7％ (2234/2700) and 69.8％ (314/450) in 900 students and 150 housewives,respectively.Conclusions In Huai'an City,except the knowledge rate of IDD,the goiter rate and urinary iodine of children aged 8-10,iodized salt consumption maintain at the stage of the target level.In addition to strengthen the monitoring of iodized salt and to supply qualified iodized salt,it should also increase the focus on health education propaganda in the future.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and results of laryngeal functional preservation surgery for piriform sinus carcinoma with paraglottic space involvement. METHOD: Fourteen cases of piriform sinus carcinoma with paraglottic space involvement were reviewed. Laryngoplasty was performed after tumor was resected, bilater al selective neck dissections were performed at the same stage. Postoperative chemoradiotherapy was applied to 11 patients while the other 3 patients did not receive chemotherapy nor radiotherapy. The follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 5 years, and the mean follow-up time was three and a half years. RESULT: Twelve cases healed primarily while 2 cases experienced delayed heal because of pharyngeal fistula. Postoperative swallow bucking occurred in all patients, the longest gastric feeding time was 2 months. For the patients underwent postoperative chemoradiotherapy, the tumor did not recur in ten cases during the 3 years follow-up, while recurred in another case and the patient died without further treatment. Among those 3 cases without postoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the tumor recurred in 2 cases during the following 6 months and chemoradiotherapy was applied, no recurrence presented in one patient, another one lost of follow-up. For the patient with recurred tumor 8 months after surgery, total laryngectomy was employed with postoperative chemoradiotherapy, the case died of tumor recurrence one and half year after the first surgery. The 3-year survival rate was 78.6%. For the vocal cord at lesion side, the mobility was noticeable in 6 patients, and visible anatomic landmark was lost in the other 8 patients. CONCLUSION Laryngeal function preservated surgery could be performed in selected cases of piriform sinus carcinoma with para-glottic space involvement in order to achieve better clinical results and quality of life.
Aged ; Carcinoma ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glottis ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Larynx ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Pyriform Sinus ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome