Objective To evaluate the role of PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-350 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:two-lung ventilation TLV) group,OLV + normal saline group (group OLV),OLV + dexmedetomidine group (group D),and OLV + dexmedetomidine +LY294002 group (group DL).Bilateral lungs were ventilated for 2.5 h in group TLV,and the right lung was ventilated for 2 h followed by 0.5 h TLV in the other groups.The rats were sacrificed,the left lung was removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),and expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) (by Western blot).Results Compared with group TLV,W/D ratio was significantly increased,the expression of p-Akt was down-regulated,and the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated in the other three groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group OLV,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-lα was up-regulated in D and DL groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group DL,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-1α was up-regulated in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during OLV in rats.

Asia ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

There are many therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) treatment,but the pathogenesis of RA have not been fully understood,therefore no curable drug has been found.With increasing knowledge of the inflammatory process,especially in signaling,some drugs modifying disease progress and interfering signaling pathways have been studied.Cytokine inhibitors such as tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical trials and in practice have resulted in dramatic improvement in RA disease control.Important molecular mechanisms of actions on total glucosides of paeony(TGP) and Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) were showed to modulate G protein-AC-cAMP and Ras-MAPKs signaling pathways and to inhibit synoviacytes proliferation.This review focuses on agents which target various cytokines,other inflammatory mediators,antigen of cells,and signaling pathways.

DICOM standard is a compulsory international standard for the establishment of Integrated Hospital Information System (IHIS) and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). This paper introduces such information of DICOM3.0 as its generation, components, operational mechanism and application. To understand DICOM standard exactly is helpful for the efficient operation of PACS.

The deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ is the key pathological basis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current studies emphasis that the stability of internal environment between cells of the neurovascular unit is the key to maintain normal brain function. This article reviews the relationship between the Aβand the neurovascular unit injury, and we expect to provide some new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of CAA and AD.

This paper briefly reviewed the history and current development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in Australia and introduced Australian TCM associations and TCM colleges and universities in detail.This paper provided a reference for comprehensively understanding the current TCM associations.education and researching institutes in Australia.

Objective To provide references for clinical medication through the analysis on the dose-response relationship and compatibility medication rules of Cinnamomi Ramulus.Methods It systematically arranged the provisions containing Cinnamomi Ramulus inShang Han Lun. Relationship between the dose of Cinnamomi Ramulus and the related factors were analyzed by single factor logistic regression analysis and binary correlation analysis by SPSS20.0 statistical software.Results After screening, 40 prescriptions including Cinnamomi Ramulus were selected, accounting for 35.40% in the total prescriptions ofShang Han Lun. The taken dose of every time of Cinnamomi Ramulus had a close relationship with the number of medicine and water consumption, with statistical significance (P=0.000,P=0.004). However, it had no relationship with residual water, water consumption per time and use frequency, without statistical significance (P>0.05). Single factor logistic regression analysis showed whether Cinnamomi Ramulus as a mainmedicine had the close relationship with the taken dose of every time of Cinnamomi Ramulus and use frequency (P=0.008,P=0.043). When Cinnamomi Ramulus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Mella were in compatibility, compared with when Cinnamomi Ramulus was not the main medicine, the taken dose of every time of Cinnamomi Ramulus as the main medicine in the group was more frequently used, with statistical significance (P=0.046); however, the number of medicine was statistically lower than when Cinnamomi Ramulus was not main medicine (P=0.043). When Cinnamomi Ramulus and Ephedrae Herba were in compatibility, there was no statistical difference in the taken dose of every time of Cinnamomi Ramulus or the number of medicine (P>0.05). When Cinnamomi Ramulus was the main medicine, it was not in compatibility with Poria or Bupleuri Radix.ConclusionFrom the dose-response relationship, it can be found that the use and compatibility of Cinnamomi Ramulus inShang Han Lun are strict and flexible, and dose law can provide a basis for clinical application.

OBJECTIVE:To review the current situation and the trend of development of oral hypoglycemic agents in our hospital.METHODS:The defined daily dose DDDs and the sales amount of oral hypoglycemic agents used in our hospital during2001～July,2004were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The DDDs of sulfonylureas was decreasing,whereas it still accounted for more than70%of the total DDDs;the glipizide ranked the first in DDDs during these years;the DDDs of biguanides kept increasing year by year;the sales amount of?-glucosidase inhibitor and thiazolidine diketone drugs was in?creasing;all the‘Medical Insurance’drugs accounted for more than97%of the total DDDs.CONCLUSION:The oral hy?poglycemic agents used in our hospital is rational on the whole.

As main content of minimally invasive surgery,laparoscopic surgery is widely applied in general surgery.The education of postgraduates majoring in general surgery is a main way to cultivate high-level surgeons of general surgery.Their ability cultivation in clinical stage is important for the overall level improvement of surgeons of general surgery.In the education of postgraduates majoring in general surgery,operation sense education and basic skill cultivation of laparoscopic operation is beneficial to enhancing their cognitive level in the domain and clinical basic skills,and can inspire their thought simultaneously.