Objective To study the effect of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide on aging mice induced by D-galactose (D-gal). Methods 72 ICR mice were divided into high, moderate, and low dosages (of polysaccharide) groups, piracetam group, model group, and control group, 12 in each group. The model of aging mice was induced with D-gal. They were tested with Y-maze, and the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipofuscin and L-glutamate in cerebrum were determined 6 weeks after model. Results Compared with the model group, the achievement of Y-maze improved, the activities of SOD increased and the content of MDA and lipofuscin decreasd in high and moderate dosage groups (P<0.05), while the mass of brain and kidney increased and the L-glutamate decreased in the high dosage group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide can ameliorate aging of mice induced by D-gal.

Objective:To establish the RPB5-mediating protein (RMP)-silenced stable cell lines and study the inhibitory effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting RMP gene on the proliferation and migration of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. Methods:Three RMPi siRNAs were designed and synthesized in vitro and transfected into SMMC-7721 cells. The inhibitory effect of siRNA on RMP gene expression was measured by RT-PCR to select the best siRNA. The expression vector pGPU6-Neo-RMP-484 was transfected into SMMC-7721 cells by the lipofectamine and the cells stably expressing the siRNA were selected by G418. RT-PCR was used to detect the interference efficacy against RMP gene. Cell proliferation and adhesion were measured by MTT assay. Wound healing test was used to observe the migration ability of cells. Results:The SMMC-7721 cell lines with down-regulated RMP expression were established by using RNA interference technology. Compared with the negative control cells, expression of RMP mRNA was down-regulated by(83.67±2.56)% .The proliferation of stable-transfected cells was inhibited by(74.33±0.58)% . The adhesion capability of stable-transfected cells was enhanced but the migration capacity was decreased compared with the negative control cells. Conclusion:The pGPU6-Neo-RMP-484 cell lines with stable transfection of RMP siRNA recombinant vector are successfully screened,which can be used as a cellular model for studying the molecular mechanism of RMP. Down-regulation of RMP gene expression can effectively inhibit the proliferation, enhance the adhesion, and decrease the migration of SMMC-7721 cells.

Aged ; Bronchoscopy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; complications ; Tracheal Stenosis ; etiology ; therapy

Communicable Diseases ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; methods

Objective To reveal and forecast the incidence trend of Brucellosis, in order to provide acientific basis for future intervention and policy-making. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze and statistically describe the distribution of the disease in different times, different locations and different (7.0783/10 million to 13.1257/10 million) and Qingxu ( 1.4811/10 million to 8.5241/10 million) were higher,followed by Yangqu county(0 to 5.8232/10 million), Xiaodian(0.8108/l0 million to 2.4229/10 million) and Jinyuan district ( 0.5329/ 10 million to 1.5896/10 million), and the remaining counties(districts) in the annual There were 223 cases of Brucellosis patients from 2006 to 2009 in Taiyuan. Vocational high risk population was farmers, with a total of 140 cases, accounting for 62.78% of the total number of incidence, followed by students and workers, respectively, 13, 14 cases, accounting for 5.83% and 6.28%, other occupational groups, 56 cases,77.58%;28 cases aged above 60 years, accounting for 12.56%;22 cases aged younger than 19 years, accounting identical in the four years, most cases occurred in spring and summer and showing a clear seasonal high.Conclusions The incidence trend of Brucellosis is on the rise from 2006 to 2009. High risk population is farmer,and the number of younger patients is on the rise, we propose strengthen protection for high risk groups.

OBJECTIVETo observe the short-term clinical results of the adjacent segment degeneration after the implantation of Coflex system at the interspinous space of adjacent segment to lumbar fusion.

METHODSFifty patients with grade III disc (Thompson MRI classification) of adjacent segment to lumbar fusion were included and divided alternately into two groups according to the order of hospitalization from January to November 2009. Coflex system was implanted at the interspinous space of adjacent segment to lumbar fusion in 25 patients as Coflex group, the other 25 patients did not have any surgical treatment were as control group. The followed up time was 2 years. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score of low back pain, changes of disc height and motion range of adjacent segment to lumbar fusion on X-ray imaging were evaluated by independent sample t-test or paired samples t-test.

RESULTSThere were 22 patients in Coflex group and 21 patients in control group were followed up 2 years post-operation. The difference of VAS score between two groups was no significance (P > 0.05). In Coflex group, the change of postoperative disc height was no significance (P > 0.05), but the motion range was significantly reduced to 47% of the preoperative value (t = 7.99, P < 0.05). In control group, the postoperative disc height decreased slightly, without significant difference to the preoperative value (P > 0.05). Between the two groups, no differences of the disc height and motion range were found before operation, but the differences of the disc height changes (t = 6.7, P < 0.05) and motion rang (t = -14.5, P < 0.05) were significant in 2 years post-operation. No complications such as Coflex system loosen, immigration and spinal process fracture were occurred.

CONCLUSIONSCoflex system can obviously limit the motion range and maintain the disc space height of adjacent segment to lumbar fusion, and prevent its degeneration in some degree.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

We present an unusual case of an unstable pelvic fracture during pregnancy period, who suffered fetal death and splenic rupture simultaneously which developed massive delayed hemorrhage in abdomen. When considering potential causes of fetal death, direct trauma to the uterus, placenta, or fetus was not associated with a higher fetal mortality rate, compared with maternal hemorrhage. A cesarean section and splenectomy could rescue the maternal life from the hemorrhage situation. Successful treatment of these rare cases is possible with careful pre-, peri-, and post-operative evaluation of the mother and fetus by a multidisciplinary team.
Cesarean Section ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Fractures, Bone ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Pelvic Bones ; injuries ; Pregnancy

To explore the adaptive mechanisms of plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) to the enduring digging activity in the hypoxic environment and of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) to the sprint running activity, the functional differences of malate-aspartate shuttle system (MA) in liver of plateau zokor and plateau pika were studied. The ratio of liver weight to body weight, the parameters of mitochondria in hepatocyte and the contents of lactic acid in serum were measured; the open reading frame of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (MDH1), mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH2), and the partial sequence of aspartate glutamate carrier (AGC) and oxoglutarate malate carrier (OMC) genes were cloned and sequenced; MDH1, MDH2, AGC and OMC mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR; the specific activities of MDH1 and MDH2 in liver of plateau zokor and plateau pika were measured using enzymatic methods. The results showed that, (1) the ratio of liver weight to body weight, the number and the specific surface of mitochondria in hepatocyte of plateau zokor were markedly higher than those of plateau pika (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), but the content of lactic acid in serum of plateau pika was significantly higher than that of plateau zokor (P < 0.01); (2) MDH1 and MDH2 mRNA levels as well as their enzymatic activities in liver of plateau zokor were significantly higher than those of plateau pika (P < 0.01 or 0.05), AGC mRNA level of the zokor was significantly higher than that of the pika (P < 0.01), while no difference was found at OMC mRNA level between them (P > 0.05); (3) mRNA level and enzymatic activity of MDH1 was significantly lower than those of MDH2 in the pika liver (P < 0.01), MDH1 mRNA level of plateau zokor was markedly higher than that of MDH2 (P < 0.01), but the activities had no difference between MDH1 and MDH2 in liver of the zokor (P > 0.05). These results indicate that the plateau zokor obtains ATP in the enduring digging activity by enhancing the function of MA, while plateau pika gets glycogen for their sprint running activity by increasing the process of gluconeogenesis. As a result, plateau pika converts the lactic acid quickly produced in their skeletal muscle by anaerobic glycolysis and reduces dependence on the oxygen.
Adaptation, Physiological ; physiology ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; metabolism ; Altitude ; Animals ; Aspartic Acid ; metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Lagomorpha ; classification ; physiology ; Liver ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Malate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Malates ; metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism

Plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) is a subterranean mammal. Plateau zokor has high learning and memory ability, and can determine the location of blocking obstacles in their tunnels. Forkhead box p2 (FOXP2) is a transcription factor implicated in the neural control of orofacial coordination and sensory-motor integration, particularly with respect to learning, memory and vocalization. To explore the association of foxP2 with the high learning and memory ability of plateau zokor, the cDNA of foxP2 of plateau zokor was sequenced; by using plateau pika as control, the expression levels of foxP2 mRNA and FOXP2 protein in brain of plateau zokor were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively; and the location of FOXP2 protein in the brain of plateau zokor was determined by immunohistochemistry. The result showed that the cDNA sequence of plateau zokor foxP2 was similar to that of other mammals and the amino acid sequences showed a relatively high degree of conservation, with the exception of two particular amino acid substitutions [a Gln (Q)-to-His (H) change at position 231 and a Ser (S)-to-Ile (I) change at position 235]. Higher expression levels of foxP2 mRNA (3-fold higher) and FOXP2 protein (>2-fold higher) were detected in plateau zokor brain relative to plateau pika brain. In plateau zokor brain, FOXP2 protein was highly expressed in the cerebral cortex, thalamus and the striatum (a basal ganglia brain region). The results suggest that the high learning and memory ability of plateau zokor is related to the high expression levels of foxP2 in the brain.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Lagomorpha ; physiology ; Learning ; Memory ; RNA, Messenger

The plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) and plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) are specialized native species of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The goal of this study was to examine physiological differences in skeletal muscle glycolysis and hepatic lactate metabolism between these two species. The partial sequence of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) gene was cloned and sequenced. The mRNA expression levels of PC and lactate dehydrogenases (LDH-A, LDH-B) were determined by real-time PCR. The enzymatic activity of PC was measured using malic acid coupling method. The concentration of lactic acid (LD) and the specific activities of LDH in liver and skeletal muscle of two species were measured. The different isoenzymes of LDH were determined by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The results showed that, (1) LDH-B mRNA level in skeletal muscle of plateau zokor was significantly higher than that of plateau pika (P < 0.01), but no differences was found at LDH-A mRNA levels between them (P > 0.05); (2) PC, LDH-A and LDH-B mRNA levels in liver of plateau pika were significantly higher than those of plateau zokor (P < 0.01); (3) The LDH activity and concentration of LD in skeletal muscle and liver, as well as the PC activity in liver of plateau pika were significantly higher than those of plateau zokor (P < 0.01); (4) The isoenzymatic spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase showed that the main LDH isoenzymes were LDH-A4, LDH-A3B and LDH-A2B2 in skeletal muscle of plateau pika, while the main LDH isoenzymes were LDH-AB3 and LDH-B4 in skeletal muscle of plateau zokor; the main isoenzymes were LDH-A3B, LDH-A2B2, LDH-AB3 and LDH-B4 in liver of plateau pika, while LDH-A4 was the only isoenzyme in liver of plateau zokor. These results indicate that the plateau pika gets most of its energy for sprint running through enhancing anaerobic glycolysis, producing more lactate in their skeletal muscle, and converting lactate into glucose and glycogen in the liver by enhancing gluconeogenesis. As a result, the plateau pika has a reduced dependence on oxygen in its hypoxic environment. In contrast, plateau zokor derives most of its energy used for digging activity by enhancing aerobic oxidation in their skeletal muscle, although they inhabit hypoxic underground burrows.
Animals ; Glycolysis ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Isoenzymes ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Lagomorpha ; physiology ; Liver ; enzymology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; enzymology ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger