OBJECTIVETo study the significance of the second hearing screening in neonates who failed the first screening during their hospital stay.

METHODSScreening TEOAE tests were employed in 3849 neonates. The first screen was 3 days after birth. Those who failed were rescreened before discharge (5 - 7 days after birth). Neonates who failed the second screening would have a third screening in 30 - 42 days. Four types of rates were compared: pass rates of three times, rates of single ear fail and double ear fail, pass rates of left ear and right ear, pass rates of Caesarean birth and that of natural labor.

RESULTSThe difference between rates of first time and second time is statistically significant (χ(2) = 38.67, P < 0.01). There is no statistically difference between the total pass rate in ward and that of third time (χ(2) = 2.73, P > 0.05). The pass rate of single ear fail is higher than that of double ears (χ(2) = 34.34, P < 0.01, the difference has statistical significance). The pass rate of left ear is higher than that of right ear (χ(2) = 0.62, P > 0.05, the difference has not statistical significance). The first time screen result showed pass rates of natural labor is higher than that of Caesarean birth (χ(2) = 35.37, P < 0.05), but the differences of pass rates of the second and third time between two delivery method was no statistical significance (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTwo times of screening in ward could decrease false negative and refer rate, thus relieve parent's mental burden.

False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Hearing Disorders ; diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neonatal Screening ; methods ; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous

OBJECTIVESTo investigate role of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) in the transcriptional activation of heat shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells under hypoxic conditions.

METHODSHCC cells were exposed to reduced oxygen atmosphere (1% O2), or treated with YC-1 or HIF-1 alpha siRNA, the expression of HIF-1 alpha and HSP70-2 were detected by Western blot analysis. Serial deletions of the HSPA2 promoter were cloned in the reporter pGL3-Basic plasmid. These reporter plasmids were co-transfected with HIF-1 alpha siRNA, and the promoter activities were detected with the dual luciferase assay.

RESULTSWestern blot analysis showed that both HIF-1 alpha and HSP70-2 proteins were strongly increased after HCC cells were exposed to hypoxic conditions (1% O2) for 6 h, and the expression level of HSP70-2 was increased in a time-dependent manner. Treatment of HepG2 cells with YC-1 or HIF-1 alpha siRNA significantly inhibited the expression of HIF-1 alpha and HSP70-2. In silico analysis of the HSP70-2 promoter using the Gene2 Promoter software revealed the presence of two putative hypoxic response element (HRE) consensus at -446bp (HRE1) and -238bp (HRE2). Depletion of promoter sequence between -653 and -385 led to a dramatic reduction of promoter activity, whereas further deletion to position -201 did not reduce the activity further. These data suggested that HRE1 plays an important role in hypoxia-induced activation of the HSPA2 promoter. Site-directed mutagenesis further confirmed these results. Mutation of HRE1 but not of HRE2 abrogated the sensitivity of the HSP70-2 promoter to hypoxia.

CONCLUSIONSHSP70-2 expression is up-regulated in response to hypoxia and a HIF-1 binding site (HRE1) in the HSP70-2 promoter is involved in this response.

Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo analyze the postoperative short-term and long-term outcomes in the management of type I esophageal atresia, and to explore the ideal operative strategy.

METHODSClinical data of 22 patients with type I esophageal atresia treated from January 2005 to September 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Of 22 patients, 6 patients gave up the treatment. Two underwent primary repair after birth. Of 14 patients undergoing cervical esophagostomy and gastrostomy, 8 patients received esophageal replacement. Postoperative short-term and long-term complications, nutritional state and neurodevelopment were studied on above 10 children with radical operations.

RESULTSOf 10 patients with radical operation, the short-term complications were hydrothorax in 1 case, anastomotic leakage in 4, dumping syndrome in 1, anastomotic stricture in 1. The long-term complications were esophageal stricture in 2 cases, and repeated respiratory infection in 3. These complications could be managed successfully. The postoperative follow-up duration ranged from 2 to 62 months. Two cases were lost during follow-up after 2 years. Weight-for-age was normal in 2 patients, mild malnutrition in 5 patients, and moderate malnutrition in 1 patients. Neurodevelopment is significantly delayed as compared to normal children.

CONCLUSIONSOperative strategy should be chosen according to the distance between proximal and distal esophagus in the treatment of type I esophageal atresia. The efficacy of radical operation is relative satisfactory in terms of short-term and long-term complications and the quality of life.

Child ; Esophageal Atresia ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo observe the association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and gene polymorphisms of OLF-1/EBF associated zinc finger protein(OAZ).

METHODSVerified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with relatively high heterozygosity were chosen for allelic discrimination in 244 Chinese SLE pedigrees. Then transmissions of single SNP, and haplotypes were calculated by Genehunter software..OAZ mRNA level was also measured for comparing gene expression in patients of different haplotypes.

RESULTSGenotyping of five SNPs within OAZ gene introns indicated there was no preferential transmission of single SNP, and haplotype T-A-G-G for rs1344531-rs2080353-rs933564-rs1345431 showed only weak linkage with the disease (P=0.04). However, haplotypes combining SNPs and the SLE-associated D16S517 allele showed significant association with SLE susceptibility (for rs933564-d16s517 G-271bp t:non-t=93:29 P<0.000001, for rs2080353-rs933564-d16s517 A-G-271bp t:non-t=88:35 P=0.000002). The haplotype A-G-271bp-G of Rs2080353-rs933564-D16s517-rs1345431 was also transmitted to patients preferentially (P=0.0084) and it showed a tendency to affect gene expression.

CONCLUSIONSpecial polymorphism haplotype of OAZ gene is associated with Chinese SLE. OAZ may suggest a new pathway for lupus.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; ethnology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVETo examine the long-term outcomes of total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) and to evaluate their nutritional status.

METHODSEleven pediatric patients treated for TCA between January 1999 and December 2010 were included in the study and followed up. Physical measurements including height, weight and laboratory tests were assessed. Anorectal functions were evaluated with Kelly score and quality of life(QOL) using questionnaire.

RESULTSThe length of follow-up ranged from 8 to 147 months. The children had satisfactory anorectal function (Kelly score, 5-6). One child had a Kelly score of 3. The children who were followed up less than 48 months had significant higher Kelly scores compared with those with more than 48 months follow-up(P<0.05). QOL was good in nine patients (QOL score, 9-10) and moderate (score, 7-8) in 2 patients. Weight-for-age was normal in 2 patients, mild malnutrition in 6 patients, and moderate malnutrition in 3 patients. Height-for-age was normal in 6 patients, mild malnutrition in 3 patients, and moderate malnutrition in 2 patients. The serum albumin was(49.0±2.7) g/L in children with well-educated parents, significantly higher than those with poorly-educated parents(44.3±1.9) g/L(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLong-term outcomes of children with TCA are satisfactory with good anorectal function and quality of life. Low body weight is more common than low height. Children with well-educated parents have better nutrition status.

Follow-Up Studies ; Hirschsprung Disease ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of KLK1 gene and cerebral hemorrhage in Changsha Han Chinese.

METHODSTwo hundred and seventy-three cerebral hemorrhage (CH) patients and 140 healthy controls were collected. The SNPs of rs5516 and rs5517 loci of KLK1 gene were analyzed by SNaPshot methods and direct sequencing.

RESULTS(1)Genotype and allele frequencies in rs5516 locus had no difference between the CH patients and controls (P> 0.05). However, the A allele frequency of the rs5517 locus in CH patients was higher than that in the control group (0.419, 0.321 respectively, P< 0.05). (2)In the control group,the levels of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the GA and AA genotype carriers of the rs5517 locus were significantly higher than those of the GG genotype (P< 0.05), while the levels of blood pressure were not significantly different among different genotypes of the rs5516 polymorphism in both CH patients and the control group(P> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAuthor's preliminary results suggested that the rs5517 polymorphism was associated with cerebral hemorrhage, while the rs5516 polymorphism was not in Changsha Han Chinese.

Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Tissue Kallikreins ; genetics

This paper aimed to predict the active ingredients and action targets of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet for hypertension based on network pharmacology, and discuss its possible "multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways" mechanism for treatment of hypertension. The integrative pharmacological platform of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM-IP) was used to construct the component target-disease target network of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet, and the internet analysis method was used to screen the key nodes, on which the pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to explore its possible biological process in the treatment of hypertension. Target network analysis showed that, 35 predicted active ingredients of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet had a strong interaction with the prostaglandin endogenous peroxidase synthase (PTGS1, PTGS2), ATP synthetase (ATP1A1, ATP5A1, ATP5C1, ATP5B) and other 29 major proteins. Network enriched analysis showed that Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet participated in the regulation of hypertension in different processes of pathology, through 15 pathways such as regulating blood pressure, G protein coupled receptor activation, adrenergic myocardial cell signal transduction and platelet activation. This study revealed the potential active compounds and possible mechanism of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet for treatment of hypertension, providing theoretical references for further systematic laboratory experiments on effective compounds and action mechanism of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical treatment outcomes and the changes of the outcomes over time in extremely preterm twins in Guangdong Province, China. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for 269 pairs of extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks who were admitted to the department of neonatology in 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 2008 to December 2017. According to the admission time, they were divided into two groups: 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. Besides, each pair of twins was divided into the heavier infant and the lighter infant subgroups according to birth weight. The perinatal data of mothers and hospitalization data of neonates were collected. The survival rate of twins and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of severe asphyxia and smaller head circumference at birth (P<0.05). The mortality rates of both of the twins, the heavier infant of the twins, and the lighter infant of the twins were lower in the 2013-2017 group compared with the 2008-2012 group (P<0.05). Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of pulmonary hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (P-IVH), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and a higher incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increase in the survival rate over time in extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks in the 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. The incidences of severe asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, PDA, P-IVH, and NRDS decrease in both the heavier and lighter infants of the twins, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the multidisciplinary collaboration between different fields of fetal medicine including prenatal diagnosis, obstetrics, and neonatology is needed in the future to jointly develop management strategies for twin pregnancy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are the key transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism. The activation of SREBP requires translocation of the SREBP precursor from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, where it is sequentially cleaved by site-1 protease (S1P) and site-2 protease and releases a nuclear form to modulate gene expression. To search for new genes regulating cholesterol metabolism, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen and find that partner of site-1 protease (POST1), encoded by C12ORF49, is critically involved in the SREBP signaling. Ablation of POST1 decreases the generation of nuclear SREBP and reduces the expression of SREBP target genes. POST1 binds S1P, which is synthesized as an inactive protease (form A) and becomes fully mature via a two-step autocatalytic process involving forms B'/B and C'/C. POST1 promotes the generation of the functional S1P-C'/C from S1P-B'/B (canonical cleavage) and, notably, from S1P-A directly (non-canonical cleavage) as well. This POST1-mediated S1P activation is also essential for the cleavages of other S1P substrates including ATF6, CREB3 family members and the α/β-subunit precursor of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase. Together, we demonstrate that POST1 is a cofactor controlling S1P maturation and plays important roles in lipid homeostasis, unfolded protein response, lipoprotein metabolism and lysosome biogenesis.

Objective: To establish a dynamic syndromic surveillance system in the border areas of Yunnan Province based on information technology, evaluate its effectiveness and timeliness in the response to common communicable disease epidemics and improve the communicable disease prevention and control in border areas. Methods: Three border counties were selected for full coverage as study areas, and dynamic surveillance for 14 symptoms and 6 syndromes were conducted in medical institutions, the daily collection of information about students' school absence in primary schools and febrile illness in inbound people at border ports were conducted in these counties from January 2016 to February 2018 to establish an early warning system based on mobile phone and computer platform for a field experimental study. Results: With syndromes of rash, influenza-like illness and the numbers of primary school absence, the most common communicable disease events, such as hand foot and mouth disease, influenza and chickenpox, can be identified 1-5 days in advance by using EARS-3C and Kulldorff time-space scanning models with high sensitivity and specificity. The system is easy to use with strong security and feasibility. All the information and the warning alerts are released in the form of interactive charts and visual maps, which can facilitate the timely response. Conclusions: This system is highly effective and easy to operate in the detection of possible outbreaks of common communicable diseases in border areas in real time, so the timely and effective intervention can be conducted to reduce the risk of local and cross-border communicable disease outbreaks. It has practical application value.
Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Syndrome ; China ; Cell Phone