Objective: To systematically investigate the prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, so as to provide the development of evidence-based psychological interventions among healthcare professionals. Methods: The publications pertaining to the prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic were retrieved in national and international electronic databases from January 1, 2020 through November 30, 2021, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed and Web of Science. The quality of publications was evaluated using the United States Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) quality assessment of included cross-sectional studies, and the pooled prevalence of anxiety was estimated among healthcare professionals using the software Open Meta Analyst version 3.0. The publication bias were evaluated with funnel plots and Begg rank correlation test. Results: Totally 598 publications were retrieved, and 36 eligible publications were enrolled in the final analysis, including 33 Chinese publications and 3 English publications. There were 5 high-quality, 29 moderate-quality and 2 low-quality publications. All investigations pertaining to the prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals were conducted in 2020. Totally 19 872 healthcare professionals were investigated, and the prevalence of anxiety was 28.8% (95%CI: 24.0%-33.6%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety was 31.9% (95%CI: 17.6%-46.2%) among healthcare professionals from western China, 29.6% (95%CI: (17.8%-41.4%) from central China, and 25.3% (95%CI: 20.2%-30.3%) from eastern China. The prevalence of anxiety was 4.9% (95%CI: 3.3%-6.4%) among male healthcare professionals and 22.9% (95%CI: 17.7%-28.0%) among male healthcare professionals, and the prevalence of anxiety was 21.6% (95%CI: 13.2%-29.9%) among nurses, 5.2% (95%CI: 2.8%-7.5%) among doctors and 4.8% (95%CI: 2.2%-7.4%) among other healthcare professionals. The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anxiety was 18.6% (95%CI: 14.0%-23.2%), 5.5% (95%CI: 4.1%-6.8%) and 1.9% (95%CI: 1.3%-2.5%), respectively. No publication bias was detected as revealed by funnel plots and Begg rank correlation test, and stable meta-analysis results and heterogeneity test were observed. Conclusions The prevalence of anxiety is 28.8% among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, and mild anxiety is predominant. A high prevalence rate of anxiety is seen female healthcare professionals and nurses, who should be given a high priority and timely psychological interventions

Objective To investigate the stress distribution in a cemented femoral component in elderly patients with a partial marrow type Ⅰ intertrochanteric fractures and to compare differences in the stress distribution after a long-and short-stem prosthetic replacement.Methods Spiral CT images of right femur of the volunteer were obtained and processed with Mimics software and modeling software to reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the femur.Based on this,a three-dimensional physical model for partial marrow type Ⅰ intertrochanteric fractures,long-and short-stem femoral prostheses,and cement mantle was established.Subsequently,a three-dimensional finite element model of long-and short-stem prosthetic replacement for intertrochanteric fractures was established using the finite element analysis software,and biomechanical analysis was implemented for the model.Results No significant changes in stress distribution of the femur occurred after long-or short-stem prosthetic replacement.Stress on the femur still presented a gradual increase from the proximal end to the distal end,peaked at the lower 1/3 of the medial and lateral junction and then decreased at the end.A stress concentration zone formed in the medial and lateral end of cement-stem interface in short-stem prosthetic replacement.Besides,the maximum value of stress in the lateral interface reached 15.3 MPa,but without surpassing the fatigue strength of the bone cement.Whereas,a stress concentration zone formed in the distal medial and lateral part of cement-stem interface and the medial middle part of the interface in long-stem prosthetic replacement and the maximum value was also lower than the fatigue strength of bone cement.No significant stress concentration zones were found in the femoral calcar reconstructed using bone cement.Conclusions Cemented long-or short-stem prosthetic replacement achieves no significant alteration in stress distribution of the femur.Loosening probability of the cemented long-or short-stem prosthesis is almost the same,but the latter has advantages of shorter surgery time,minor trauma,and fewer complications and may be more suitable for treatment of the elderly patients with a partial marrow type Ⅰ intertrochanteric fractures.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamics and clinical significance of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels during the terminal phase of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) with different hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status.

METHODSOne-hundred-and-seven patients with terminal ACLF were tested for HBeAg status by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and serum HBV DNA levels by real-time PCR at three chronological time ranges, representing increasing severity of disease phases prior to death (day 0): 29-56 d, 15-28 d, and 0-14 d.

RESULTSIn the 37 HBeAg(+) patients, HBV DNA levels at above-mentioned phases were 6.10+/-1.63, 5.61+/-1.50, and 5.29+/-1.96 log10 copies/mL. In the 70 anti-HBe(+) patients, HBV DNA levels were 4.63+/-1.82, 5.81+/-1.78, and 4.93+/-1.73 log10 copies/mL. Phase to phase comparisons revealed that the HBV DNA level in the HBeAg(+) group was significantly higher than that in the anti-HBe(+) group at 29-56 d (P less than 0.05), and that 15-28 d and 0-14 d were not significantly different (P more than 0.05). Intragroup comparisons of phases revealed no significant differences in the HBeAg(+) group (P more than 0.05), but a significant difference between 15-28 d and 0-14 d (P less than 0.05) for the anti-HBe(+) group.

CONCLUSIONSerum levels of HBV DNA in patients with HBeAg positivity are higher than those in patients with anti-HBe positivity as the disease phase of ACLF nears fatality. Following the deterioration to liver failure, the HBV DNA load in HBeAg(+) patients remains stable while that in anti-HBe(+) patients decreases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; End Stage Liver Disease ; blood ; virology ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Failure, Acute ; blood ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

The present paper is aimed to explore the biological osteoinductive activity of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 (rhBMP-9) by various biological technologies. In this study, we firstly obtained hBMP-9 cDNA by PCR and inserted it into vector pcDNA4/His Max to reconstruct hBMP-9 eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA4/His Max-BMP-9. Recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cell line expressing high-level rhBMP-9 was reconstructed by co-transfecting the expression vectors pcDNA4/His* Max-hBMP-9 and plasmid pSV2-dhfr into dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr)-deficient CHO cells and the subsequent gene amplification by the methotrexate. We finally obtained a monoclonal cell line expressing the highest level protein. We purified the medium after culturing the highest-producing monoclonal by Ni-NTA His-Bind Resin columns and concentrated to by a Centricon 50 at 4 degrees C and stored at 70 degrees C until it was used. Western blot and SDS-PAGE analyses showed a specific band of about 32kD in pro-region lane and a specific band of about 50kD in pro-region complex lane. Biological activities of rhBMP-9 were tested by colorimetric determination and histochemical staining of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Activity, osteocalcin and oesteopontin for C3H10 T1/2 cells, which were stimulated culture by different concentration (20, 50, 100 microg/mL) of rhBMP-9. The results showed that the rhBMP-9 could induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro, and were proportional to the amount. This study can provide experimental data for further tests in vivo and clinical applications.
Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Growth Differentiation Factor 2 ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether or not administration of folic acid and resveratrol have preventive effects on cleft palate formation as well as the comparison of the two drugs' s effects.

METHODSPregnant mice were randomly divided into 9 groups, with 8 mice in each group. The TCDD group mice were dosed with TCDD 28 microg/kg body weight on gestation day 10 (GD 10) animals in folic acid group were respectively dosed with folic acid 15, 10, 5 mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg; resveratrol treated mice were divided into 3 groups: resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13 in resveratrol (GD8-13 ) group; resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13, followed hy an oral administered with TCDD on GD10 in resveratrol (GD8-13) + TCDD group; resveratrol 50mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg were used by gavage administration at GD10 in resveratrol (GD10) + TCDD group. Control mice were treated with the same volume of water for 6 consecutive days from GD8 to GD13 and were given a single dose of corn oil on GD10. The pregnant mice weight and embryos, the number of live, cleft palate, dead and resorption fetal mice were recorded on GD 17.5. The coronal sections of the fetal mice heads were prepared at GD 17.5 and observed by microscopy.

RESULTSTotal frequency of clefts was 92.86% in TCDD group, 84.00% (15 mg), 73.08% (10 mg), 84.00% (5 mg) in folic acid + TCDD groups, 0% in resveratrol (GD10) group, 74.51% (GD10), 57.78% (GD8-13) in resveratrol + TCDD groups. The frequency of cleft was 0% in the control group. Compared with the control and the TCDD groups, there were significant differences in the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice in TCCD + resveratrol (GD8-13) group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in embryonic weight, live fetuses weight, the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice were found in the other groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTest dose of folic acid and resveratrol both had certain antagonistic effect on cleft palate in mice induced by TCDD, with folic acid 10 mg/kg, resveratrol 50 mg/kg GD8-13 doses having stronger antagonistic action. Effects of both the two drugs have no significant difference, but resveratrol (50 mg/kg, GD8-13) significantly affects the fetal mice's growth and development under TCDD exposure in utero.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Cleft Palate ; chemically induced ; prevention & control ; Female ; Fetus ; Folic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pregnancy ; Random Allocation ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Teratogens

Objective To discuss the efficacy of Leucogen tablets treatment lessen the hematological reaction and raise the efficacy therapy of interferon in chronic hepatitis B treated with PEG-αinterferon and α interferon.Methods A total of 395 patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) inpatients from January 2002 to February 2011.Group:All the patients were assigned to A or B according as during the treatment added Leucogen tablets or not.Results ( 1 ) All of 35.9％ patients had neutrophil counts decrease under 1 × 109/L,A group had 29.6％,B had 42.8％ patients,P =0.01 ;neutrophil counts≤0.75 × 109/L A group had 12.6％,B group had 26.4％,P =0.02; neutrophil counts≤ 0.5 × 109/L A group had 4.8 ％,B group had 16.4％,P =0.04.(2) A group had 8.2％ patients interferon-α dose decreased,all the patient finished the period of therapy.B group had 23.3％ patients interferon-α dose decreased,2.1％ of patients had paused.A group had 40.3％ of patients interferon-α beyond conventional dose,B group had only 5.2％.(3)All of 9.8％ patients had hematoblast decrease under 100 × 109/L,A group had 8.7％,B had 11.1％ patients;hematoblast≤ 80 × 109/L A group had 5.3％,B group had 7.9％ ;hematoblast ≤ 50 × 109/L A group had 1.0％,B group had 2.6％.A group had the trend of reducing hematoblast decrease.(4) At the end of therapy A group had 67.4％ patients HBVDNA ＜ 100IU/ml,54.3％ e antigen negative,40.7％ e antigen conversed; B group had 53.9％,41.2％,26.9％,P was respectively 0.02,0.01,0.01.Conclusion Leucogen tablets treatment and prevention interferon-α-related neutrophil counts hematological reaction in CHB treated with a-interferon,and had the trend of reducing interferon-αrelated hematoblast decrease,farther improved the efficacy of α-interferon treatment CHB.

BACKGROUNDEverlasting cellular proliferation is the fundamental feature during gliomagenesis and Ki-67 is one of the classical proliferation markers in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the driver genes or core pathways for cellular proliferation in GBM have not been elucidated systematically.

METHODSWe evaluated by immunohistochemistry the prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in the clinical outcome of 156 Chinese patients with GBM and a total of 64 GBM samples were selected for further Agilent genome-wide microarray analysis. On the basis of the microarray data from Tiantan (n = 64) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 202) database, differentially expressed genes between the GBM subgroups with high or low level of Ki-67 expression were identified using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM). Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG Pathway analyses were then undertaken for the Ki-67 associated genes to identify the most significant biological processes and signaling pathways.

RESULTSWe confirmed that Ki-67 was an independent prognostic indicator in the largest Chinese patient cohort of 156 GBM samples via immunohistochemical staining. Survival analysis of Ki-67 over-expression revealed a highly significant association with a worse clinical outcome (P = 0.010 for progression-free survival; P = 0.007 for overall survival). Comparative and integrated analysis between Tiantan and TCGA database identified a 247-gene "proliferation signature" (205 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated genes) that distinguished Ki-67 expression phenotypes. GO and KEGG Pathway analyses further indicated that Ki-67 expression phenotype was associated with distinct changes in gene expression associated with the regulation of cellular growth and proliferation.

CONCLUSIONSProliferation marker Ki-67 is an independent prognostic indicator in Chinese GBM patients. And Ki-67 associated proliferation signature identified through genome-wide microarray analysis may provide potential targets for anti-proliferation therapy in GBM.

Cell Proliferation ; Computational Biology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Glioblastoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ki-67 Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the changes in the expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and the alterations of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in atrial endocardium in atrial fibrillation (AF) in order to investigate the mechanisms that contribute to thrombosis.

METHODSIn canine AF was produced with rapid atrial pacing at 400 bpm for 6 weeks, whereas the controls had no atrial pacing. NO production was measured by NO-specific microelectrode. The expression of endocardial eNOS and PAI-1 protein were determined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical Staining. Plasma levels of PAI-1 were analysed by Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay.

RESULTSLeft atrial NO concentration was decreased in AF than that in controls [(23.4 +/- 5.8)nmol/L vs (63.8 +/- 16.1)nmol/L, P < 0.01]. Endocardial eNOS expression was also significantly decreased (855 +/- 217 vs 2320 +/- 694, P < 0.05), whereas the expression of the PAI-1 was increased (3164 +/- 827 vs 1371 +/- 352, P < 0.01). Neither NO concentration, nor PAI-1, eNOS expression were altered in the right atria at the same time. A significant increase for plasma levels of PAI-1 was also detected in AF group. No correlation was found between eNOS and PAI-1 protein expression (r = 0.217, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn the canine model AF was associated with a marked decrease in endocardial NOS expression and NO concentration and with an increase in PAI-1 expression in the left atrium, which may contribute to the thrombosis in AF.

Animals ; Atrial Fibrillation ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; metabolism ; Thrombosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of regional lymph nodes targetting with enrichment of radioactive 99mTc-polyphase liposome of 5-fluorouracil (99mTc-FL, FL).

METHODS18 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups, 6 rabbits per group. All rabbits were injected hypodermally with of 99mTc-FL in the right and left big toe webs, 18.5 MBq each side. The post-injection interval was 3 h in group 1, 6 h in group 2, and 8 h in group 3. The radioactivity was examined in the resected local lymph nodes, non-draining lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, lung, intestines, and in blood and urine.

RESULTSThe radioactive isotope uptake percentage (%) was 2.32 +/- 0.75 in group 1, 5.37 +/- 1.73 in group 2, 8.61 +/- 1.89 in group 3. The radioactive isotope uptake percentage (%) per gram in local lymph nodes was significantly different between each two groups among the 3 groups (P < 0.05). The ratios of x of regional lymph nodes/non-draining lymph nodes, regional lymph nodes/blood, regional lymph nodes/urine, regional lymph nodes/liver, regional lymph nodes/spleen, regional lymph nodes/kidney, regional lymph nodes/heart, regional lymph nodes/lung, regional lymph nodes/intestine in group 1 were 232.00, 16.57, 23.20, 29.00, 19.33, 25.78, 46.40, 46.40 and 25.78, respectively. The ratios in group 2 were 89.50, 41.31, 18.52, 67.13, 41.31, 25.57, 134.25, 59.67 and 59.67, respectively. The ratios in group 3 were 86.10, 61.50, 16.56, 53.81, 57.40, 10.01, 107.63, 107.63 and 86.10, respectively. The differences of radioactive isotope uptake percentage were statistically significant (P < 0.01) between regional lymph nodes and other organs, i. e. non-draining lymph nodes, blood, urine, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, lung and intestine per gram in each group.

CONCLUSIONThe radioactive 99mTc-FL may slowly flow into regional lymphatic chains rather than directly enter blood circulation. So 99mTc-FL can be highly accumulated in the local lymph nodes. This regional lymph nodes targetting with enrichment of radioactive 99mTc-FL evidently indicates the feasibility of regional lymph system chemotherapy for pulmonary malignancies.

Animals ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Heart ; diagnostic imaging ; Intestines ; diagnostic imaging ; Kidney ; diagnostic imaging ; Liposomes ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Organotechnetium Compounds ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Rabbits ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Random Allocation ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate treatment effectiveness and safety of bicyclo tablets in children with chronic hepatitis B or C.

METHODSA randomized controlled trial was conducted in 148 children with chronic hepatitis B or C for evaluating safety, tolerability, and efficacy of treatment with bicyclo tablets or Hugan tablets. Children in therapy group were treated with bicyclo tablets and control group treated with Hugan tablets.

RESULTS(1) ALT and AST level decreased more prominently in therapy group than in control group (P<0.01). (2) Bicyclo was more effective than Hugan tablets (P<0.01). (3) Symptoms were ameliorated more prominently in bicyclo group than in control group (P<0.01). (4) Both groups had no significant adverse events.

CONCLUSIONSatisfactory therapeutic effect and safety were obtained with bicyclo tablets in children with chronic hepatitis B or C.

Adolescent ; Biphenyl Compounds ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Tablets ; Treatment Outcome