Objective To explore the clinical value of the disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube in diagnosing abnormal u‐terine bleeding .Methods Seventy‐five patients ,who needed an endometrial biopsy because of abnormal uterine bleeding ,were se‐lected for this study .An endometrial biopsy was performed by a disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube before the conventional suction dilatation and curettage (D&C) .The sample satisfactory rate and the diagnose accordance rate of the two methods were compared .Results The sample satisfactory rate of the disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube and of the D&C was 85 .3%(64/75) and 94 .7% (71/75) respectively .The difference was not statistically significant(P>0 .05) .The diagnose accordance rate of the disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube and the D&C was 90 .3% (56/62) and 93 .5% (58/62) respectively .The differ‐ence was not statistically significant(P>0 .05) .Conclusion To a certain extent ,endometrial biopsy performed by disposable uter‐ine cavity tissue suction tube can be a substitute for D&C as the initial inspection to assess abnormal uterine bleeding ,for its econo‐my ,efficiency and safety .

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of calcium lactate and calcium gluconate in compound calcium gluconate oral solution.METHODS:The test was performed on C 18 column with column tem?perature at25℃;the mobile phase was composed of0.025mol/L NaH 2 PO 4 (pH=2.50)with a flow rate of1.0ml/min and sam ple size of20?l;the detection wavelength was210nm.RESULTS:The calibration curves were linear over the range of0.719～46.040mmol/L(r=0.9999)for lactic acid and0.315～20.160mmol/L(r=0.9999)for gluconic acid.The average recovery rates of which were99.0%(RSD=1.65%)and100.5%(RSD=1.36%),respectively.CONCLUSION:This method is fast,simple,accurate,and it can be employed directly without isolation to determine the content of calcium lactate and calcium glu?conate simultaneously and to control the quality of compound calcium gluconate oral solution as well.

BACKGROUND: It is proposed that elevated serum homocysteine is an important independent risk factor for ischemic stroke (IS), and 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the key enzyme for homocysteine metabolism. The relationship between genetic mutation of MTHFR and IS remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of hyperhomocysteinemia and two MTHFR gene polymorphisms with IS in Northwest Chinese population.DESIGN: Case-control study.SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Jilin University, and Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-seven consecutive patients with ischemic stroke (71 males and 26 females) treated between November 2001 and May 2002were recruited, who were diagnosed by CT scan or MRI in the Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. The control group consisted of 94 subjects (58 males and 36 females) without history of ischemic stroke. All the subjects were free of intracranial hemorrhage, cancer, renal dysfunction, and none used multivitamins or estrogen.METHODS: Serum homocysteine was measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was employed to detect the genotype at the two sites of C677T and A1298C in MTHFR gene.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum homocysteine levels and the genotypic frequency frequencies of the two mutations of MTHFR.RESULTS: The 677T allele frequency was 59.3% in IS patients and 44.7% in the controls, showing significant differences (P=0.006), but no difference in 1298C allele frequency was detected between the two groups (22.7% vs 19.7%, P ＞ 0.05). Homozygous 677TT genotype was closely associated with hyperhomocysteinemie (P ＜ 0.01). In multivariate logistic regression analysis,677T gene mutation and hyperhomocysteinemie were all associated with the IS, with an OR of 1.870 and 1.031 (P＜ 0.05), respectively.CONCLUSION: Hyperhomocysteinemie is a risk factor of IS, and C677T mutation significantly increases homocysteine levels, and serves also as an independent genetic risk factor of IS.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of drug resistance mediated by micF gene and outer membrane porin F ( OmpF) in Shigella strains. Methods Shigella strains were isolated from stool samples of patients who presented to the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University with acute diar-rhea in 2015. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed to screen out the multidrug-resistant and non-multi-drug-resistant strains. The ompF gene was amplified by PCR. The micF and ompF genes at transcriptional levels in the two groups of strains were detected by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Intracellular concentra-tions of ciprofloxacin in the two groups of Shigella strains were measured by automatic microplate reader. Re-sults According to the result of antibiotic susceptibility test, 13 strains that were resistant to 3 or more than 3 antibiotics were classified into the multidrug-resistant group, while the other 8 strains that were sensitive to all antibiotics used in this study or only resistant to 1 or 2 antibiotic were classified into the non-multidrug-re-sistant group. All of the 21 Shigella strains carried the ompF gene. Compared with the non-multidrug-resist-ant strains, the multidrug-resistant strains showed higher expression of micF gene, but lower expression of ompF gene. The differences in micF and ompF genes between the two groups were statistically significant. The result of correlation analysis suggested that there was a negative correlation between micF and ompF genes (r=-0. 244). The intracellular concentrations of ciprofloxacin in multidrug-resistant strains were low-er than those in the non-multidrug-resistant strains (P<0. 001). Conclusion The decreased expression of OmpF was one of the possible mechanisms of multidrug-resistance in Shigella strains. The micF gene was negatively related to the expression of OmpF. Moreover, the decreased intracellular concentrations of cipro-floxacin in multidrug-resistant strains might be related to the decreased expression of OmpF.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare oceanic lysozyme film and establish a method for its quality control.METHODS:Film agent was prepared with oceanic lysozyme as the principle agent and hydroxy propyl methylcellulose as the film-former.Folin-phenol method and agar plate diffusion method were used respectively to determine the concentration of albumen and enzyme activity of oceanic lysozyme;and the content of lysozyme in the oceanic lysozyme film was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.RESULTS:Both albumen concentration and enzyme activity of oceanic lysozyme were up to the bacte?riostatic requirement.The average recovery rate of sample was101.0%(RSD=0.67%).Storing within6months,each index of the sample experienced no marked change.CONCLUSION:The preparation is simple in production,controllable in quality and it served as a new preparation for the clinical treatment of vaginitis.

Objective To explore the change of perioperative serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with primary liver cancer undertaken transcatbeter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods One hundred and two patients with primary liver cancer were performed with TACE treatment.The levels of AFP and CEA after treatment 3 d,1 week,3 weeks were detected and compared.Results The levels of AFP after treatment 3 d and 1 week were higher than that before treatment,but there was no significant difference [(549 ±30),(530 ±30) μg/L vs. (527 ±40) μg/L] (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment 3 weeks,the levels of AFP significantly decreased than that before treatment [ (351 ± 20) μ g/L vs.(527 ± 40) μ g/L ] (P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of CEA after treatment 3 d,1 week,3 weeks were significantly lower than that before treatment [(410 ± 15),(350 ± 20),(200 ± 10) μg/L vs.(570 ±22) μ g/L] (P ＜0.05).After treatment 3 weeks,the levels of AFP and CEA achieved normal.Conclusions TACE in treatment for primary liver cancer can achieve better therapeutic effect,significantly improve the symptoms,decrease the levels of AFP and CEA.To control the indication and contraindication,perform TACE in time can decrease mortality,improve prognosis,and is valuable in clinic.

Objective To explore the histological properties of isolated chondrons and chondrocytes from rabbit knee cartilage,and to determine if these properties vary with age.Methods Three groups of rabbit knees were evaluated according to different age:(1) young (2 months,n=10);(2) adult (8 months,n=10);and (3) old (31 months,n=10).The cartilage structure,proteoglycan,collagen-2,and collagen-6 content were determined by light microscopic using hematoxylin-eosin (HE),Toluidine Blue,and col-2,6 staining.The chondrons were enzymatically isolated using 0.3 g/L dispase and 0.2 g/L collagenase-2 by shaking for 3 hours.The morphology and composition of isolated chondrons were observed by HE and collagen-6 immunostaining staining after overnight coverslip monolayer culture under a microscopy.Results The chondrocytes became sparser and the total content of proteoglycans and collagen-2 were decreased in the articular cartilage with age.Compared to the chondrocytes,the surrounding rim or capsule was more obvious in the isolated chondrons,and they exhibited obvious differences in shape.The cells within one cluster from different age groups were similar to the morphology observed in cartilage in situ.The adult and old chondrons generally possessed a thicker pericellular matrix with more enclosed cells,and the chondrons contained more cells can reach 47％.Conclusion These findings further suggest that the properties of the chondrons and pericellular matrix have an important influence on the biomechanical microenvironment of the knee joint cartilage degeneration that occurs with age.

The aging of population and the increasingly morbidity rate of chronic disease had brought great influence on public health and economy.And community whose scientific management model could improve effectivity was a main prevention place for chronic disease.Thus on the basis of domestic and foreign literatures,several types of chronic disease community management models were introduced,and aimed at providing a reference for community chronic disease management.

0.05). The mean ADC value obtained in poor group was significantly lower than that obtained in satisfactory group (t = 4.81,P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the repressor SmeT and other sequences of efflux pump SmeDEF in the clinic isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to involve in antibiotic resistance. METHODS The mRNA level of smeD examined the resistance profile of the clinical strains to antimicrobials was by agar dilution and their reaction to pump inhibitor was investigated by RT-PCR,and the smeD-smeT fragment was amplified by PCR,and then sequenced.Adding poly(A) to 3′ end of RNA,applying 3′RACE,nested PCR,then sequence-analysis. RESULTS The amino acid sequences of the forepart of SmeT were conservative in all the 7 strains.In antibiotic-resistant strains with positive reaction to pump inhibitor,the intergenic sequences of smeD-smeT were different from those in sensitive ones.The variations in(-165 to-82)nt of smeT and several nucleic acids before the start codon of smeT,possibly involved in antimicrobial resistance.All isolates didn′t have Leu166Gln mutation within the SmeT protein of D457R,which was reported possibly associated with antibiotic resistance.The resistant strains with efflux positively inhibited had Asp218Glu substitution,different from the negatively-inhibited ones. CONCLUSIONS The expression level of SmeDEF is related with the antibiotic resistance of S.maltophilia.The possible resistance mechanism includes the variations in the intergenic smeD-smeT and/or smeT codon sequence.