Objective To treat the spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) of liver cirrhosis and to indicate the factors of early diagnosis and progrosis . Methods There were 107 patients, we observed age,sex,causes of liver cirrhosis,incidental rate of SBP and infection rate in thethe hospital,bacteria examination and drug allergy test. By setting control group, we compared liver function,blood routine,ascites routine,B supersonic examination,Child-pough Grading and complications. Results Cirrhosis mainly resulted from HBV infection(83.2%);Most of patients were male;Cirrhosis patients associated with SBP accounted for 21.6%,in which infection rate in the hospital accounted for 16.8%;becteria positive rate of ascites cultivation was 14%,most bacteria were monobacteria,G -bacillus(66.7%);Drug allergy test indicated drug resistance rate exceeds 50%,in the followorder penicillin,amino-group,oxygen-fluonine killer.Comparing with control group,cases of Child-pough grade C were abviously more( p

Objective This study was carried out to investigate the relationship among the partial plasma hormones associated with the stress,main indices of liver function as well as psychical status in the patients with viral hepatitis(VH).Methods Five indices of liver function,plasma cortisol(CT) and angiotensin Ⅱ(ATⅡ) were detected,the psychical tests were simultaneously carried out by survey item life events units(LEU),symptoms checklist 90(Scl-90).Results Both CT and ATⅡ ascended in the acute period of various types VH and correlated with many indices of liver function(P

Insulin resistance and insulin secretion deficiency are main machanisms in inducing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and mitochondria damage plays an important role in them. Research shows that autophagy is a self-protective mechanism of cells, which plays an important role in maintaining the normal structure and function of pancreatic β cells and improving insulin resistance. Previous studies show that traditional Chinese medicine can regulate cell autophagy to influence β cells and insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. Thus this review will talk about the process of the relationship between autophagy and T2DM and the intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To compare the clinical data of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers and chronic hepatitis B so that to provide pathological evidence for management of chronic HBV carriers with different alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.MethodsLiver biopsies were performed in totally of 292 cases of chronic HBV infection.The subjects were divided into HBV carrier group (G0-G1 and S0-S1) and hepatitis group (G＞ 1 and/or S＞ 1) according to the pathological diagnosis. The relationships between different age subgroups, different ALT level subgroups and pathological diagnosis were analyzed. Meanwhile,other clinical,biochemical,and iconographic indexes which were possibly related to the pathology diagnosis were compared. The multivariate analysis was done by Logistic regression equation (withdrawal method, maximum likelihood method) to definite the independent influencing factors of pathologically diagnosed with chronic HBV carrier.ResultsAmong the 292 patients,140 (47.9％) were pathologically diagnosed with chronic HBV carries and 152 (52.1％)were chronic hepatitis B. There were statistical differences between ≤35 years group and 36-40 years,＞40 years group (x2 =3.936 and 8.534,respectively; P =0.047 and 0.003,respectively). There were statistical difference among patients with ALT＜0.5×upper limit normal (ULN),(0.5-1.0) ×ULN,(1.1-1.5) ×ULN,(1.6-2.0) ×ULN and ＞2.0 × ULN (x2 =55.314,P＜0.01),while there was no significant difference between (1.1-1.5) × ULN and ＞2.0 × ULN (x2 =3.810,P=0.051). Multivariate analysis indicated that course of disease,alcohol consumption,ALT,HBV DNA level and the surface of liver (smooth or not smooth)detected by ultrasonography were independent influencing factors of pathological diagnosis of chronic HBV carriers (OR =0.995,0.224,0.516,1.308 and 0.270,respectively; P=0.005,0.007,0.000,0.025 and 0.001,respectively).ConclusionLiver biopsy is much meaningful in patients with age ＞35 years old and ALT (1-2)× ULN.

Objective To establish the method of thin layer identification of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and solid phase extraction - high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) determination of the content of phellodendrine in Leshu Lotion. Methods Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used for qualitative identification of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in Leshu Lotion and the Bond Elutplexa PCX strong cation-exchange solid phase was used for extraction small column purification. Platisil-NH2 column was as chromatographic column; column temperature was 30 ℃; triethylamine pH 3.82 (phosphoric acid), tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile was 18:12:70, isocratic elution; flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength was 286 nm. Results TLC could obviously identify active ingredients of phellodendrine in Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex. The phellodendrine had good linear relationship between concentration and peak area within the scope of 1.22–12.2 μg (r=0.9999); the average recovery rate of phellodendrine was 101.18%, RSD was 1.71%. Conclusion This method is simple to operate, with accuracy and repeatability, and can be used for quality control of Leshu Lotion.

Objective To find a new indicator monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by analyzing expression of lymphocytes and its subsets in SARS. Method Flow cytometer and hematology analyzer were used to detect the expression of lymphocytes and its subsets in 38 patients of SARS. Results Decreasing lymphocytes were found in 84 percent of the patients. The absolute value of lymphocyte subsets (T/B cell, NK cell) also decreased in a certain degree. Patients with decreasing T cell were mostly observed (95%). T helper/inducer (T 4)cells showed a higher rate of decreasing (100%) than T suppressor/killer (T 8)cells (87%). Based on the distribution of lymphocytes and its subsets, T cells demonstrated the greatest rate of decreasing (58%). Most patients had a relative normal B cells and NK cells with a rate of decreasing as little as 2.6% and 5.3%, respectively, more patients showed a decreasing T 4 cells (82%) than that of T 8 cells (34%). Forty-four percent of patients demonstrated a low ratio of T 4 to T 8. Conclusion The lymphocytes and its subsets were impaired in SARS, especially for T lymphocytes, T 4 cells were more seriously damaged than T 8 cells. The absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets showed more significant change of immune cells than relative counts of that in SARS.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a kind of opportunistic pathogen which can cause a wide range of serious infections clinically.These infections are often associated with the formation of biofilm, and are difficult to treat due to the complexity of mechanisms.Some studies have showed that genotype and phenotype of biofilm PA will change, and biofilm PA will aggregate together and secrete extracellular polymeric substance.Therefore, innate immune system could not recognize the camouflaged antigens.Besides, biofilm PA can secrete a variety of virulent factors to hamper the function of innate immune system.This article introduces the main chronic infection caused by PA biofilm and the relationship between biofilm PA and natural innate immune system.

Objective: To study the effect of Maitork (a sodium chloride injection containing Ginkgo bioba extract and ligustrazine phosphate) on plasma levels of fibrinogen (Fg), platelet granule membrane protein 140 (GMP-140), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods: Eighty male SD rats were randomly allocated into groups 3-day (n=40) and 7-day (n=40) after operation. Then each group was divided into 4 subgroups: sham-operation, ischemia control, Ginaton and Maitork. The focal cerebral ischemia model was established in rats. The activities of GMP-140 and tPA were measured by chromogenic substrate assay, and the level of Fg was measured by gel plaque assay. Results: The level of Fg in the Ginaton group was significantly higher than that in the ischemia control group, and the 7-day group was also significantly higher than that in the Maitork group (P

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To investigate the pattern of plasma kisspeptin levels in normal female during various pubertal Tanner stages and the girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty(ICPP) or with premature thelarche(PT), and to evaluate the significance of detecting plasma kisspeptin levels as a new criterion for early differentiation between ICPP and PT.Methods Each study group of normal pubertal females with Tanner stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ comprised 16 to 19 individuals.The levels of plasma kisspeptin were also detected in girls with ICPP(n= 10)or PT(n = 12).The plasma kisspeptin levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The level of kisspeptin was significantly higher in ICPP group than in that of PT group [(1.73±0.23 vs1.43±0.29) ng/ml, P＜0.05].Among the normal pubertal females, the level of kisspeptin decreased gradually from Tanner stage Ⅱ to Tanner stage Ⅴ, being highest in Tanner stage Ⅱ [(1.73±0.22) ag/ml] ,lower in stage Ⅳ and Ⅴ than in stage Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P＜0.01).Conclusions Plasma kisspeptin level was the highest during Tanner stage Ⅱ in normal female pubertal development.It is significant to detect plasma kisspeptin level for the differential diagnosis of ICPP and PT.