Objective To evaluate the application of Snodgrass urethroplasty for failure hypospadias repairment.Methods Eighty-four cases of failure hypospadias were treated by Snodgrass urethroplasty from 2001 to 2005.The average age of patients was 3.7 years old.In the meantime,Duplay procedure was undertaken for other failure hypospadias with enough penile skin(76 cases).Results There were 64 cases cured,6 cases with urethral stricture and 14 cases with urethral fistula in 84 failure hypospadias cases.Sixty-one cases were cured in 76 cases used Duplay procedure.Conclusion Snodgrass is recommended for failed hypospadias cases with narrow urethral plate.

OBJECTIVE:To explore ways to resolve the quality problems of Chinese herbal slice so as to provide reference for producers,processors and users.METHODS:The records of check and accept prepared slice into storeroom in our hospital during 2008 were summed up and sorted out.The number of total batches,the number and proportion of unqualified batches were calculated to analyze the causes of unqualified slice after checking.RESULTS:In 2008 there were 4 519 batches of herbal slice while 94 batches were unqualified and accounted for 2.1% in total.53 batches were refused because of their quality problem,accounting for 56.4% of unqualified batches.CONCLUSION:It is urgent to improve the quality of prepared slice and standardize the processing of herbal slice.

Objective:To prepare anti-AchR monoclonal antibodies from rat bone marrow.Methods:The extracellular region of human AchR ?1 subunit was expressed in E.coli and purified using a Ni-NTA column.Then the protein was refolded by dialyzing.Lewis rats were immunized with purified AchR ?1 subunit and B cells from bone marrow and spleen were fused with myeloma cells to generate monoclonal antibodies.Results:Human AchR ?1 subunit was successfully expressed in E.coli.Rats immunized with the refolded protein were shown symptoms of Myasthenia gravis.Hybridoma cells were produced using B cells from rat bone marrow and spleen.Conclusion:Bone marrow cells can be immortalized using hybridoma method,which can be used for further study of Myasthenia gravis.

Objective To investigate the effects of the combination of tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) and irbesartan on urinary podocyte in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients,and to discuss the mechanism of protective effect of TwHF on DKD.Methods A total of 45 type 2 diabetic kidney disease patients were enrolled into this prospective study,and were randomly divided into 3 groups:TwHF treatment group (DT,n =15),irbesartan treatment group (DI,n =15),and TwHF combined with irbesartan treatment group (DTI,n =15).After 6 weeks washout,the 3 groups were given TwHF (1-2 mg · kg-1 ·d-1),irbesartan (150-300 mg/d),and TwHF (1-2 mg · kg-1 · d-1) combined with irbesartan (150-300 mg/d) for 12 weeks respectively.Fifteen healthy volunteers served as controls.Urinary podocytes were identified and quantitated by immunofluorescence staining of urinary sediments labeled by monoclonal antibody podocalyxin.In addition,we studied urinary connective tissue growth factor (CTGF),osteopontin (OPN) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) concentrations in DKD patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Urinary detached podocytes were obviously higher in the urine of DKD patients than in healthy controls (P ＜0.01).Podocyte detection rate was 86.6％ in the urine of DKD patients.The protein expressions of CTGF,OPN and TGFβ1 in patients with urinary podocyte were significantly increased than those without urinary podocyte (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between urinary protein excretion and urinary podocytes (r =0.79,P ＜ 0.01) and there were positive correlations between the number of urinary podocytes and urinary protein expressions of CTGF,OPN and TGFβ1 (r =0.56,0.41,0.44,respectively,all P values ＜ 0.01).Urinary albumin excretion and urinary podocytes were significantly decreased in all treatment groups (P ＜ 0.01),simultaneously,urinary concentrations of CTGF,OPN and TGFβ1 were reduced in all groups at week 12 after intervention of TwHF,irbesartan and TwHF combined with irbesartan (P ＜ 0.01),and these changes were more distinguished in combined treatment group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Urinary podocyte in the urine may be suggested to be an early effective marker of disease activity in DKD.TwHF may be effective to prevent podocyte injury in DKD,which may be mediated,at least partly,by down-regulating the expression of CTGF,OPN and TGFβ1.There is a synergistic protective effect of TwHF combined with irbesartan on podocyte injury in DKD patients.

Objective To study the reliability of the four rating scales which are widely used. Methods 260 consecutive inpatients fromAug. 2007 to Oct. 2008 with white matter lesions were enrolled into the study. Interrater and intrarater reliability of four scales was analyzedby using kappa correlation. Internal consistency was expressed with Cronbach's α. Results All the scales have statistic significant interraterand intrarater reliability. Scale of Ylikoski has the best intrarater reliability and Cranach's α (intrarater reliability, kappa=0.656, P<0.01, Cranach'sα=0.901). Conclusion The four rating scales for white matter lesions have advantage and disadvantage. Disparate rating scales shouldbe used according to purpose of study.

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention on cerebral trauma patients in recovery phase. Methods 156 cerebral trauma patients who had more than 6 months course of disease received rehabilitation training and nursing care, and their activities of daily living (ADL) were accessed by modified Barthel index. Results The score of ADL in patients who had course of disease about 6~12 months was lower than patients who had more than 12 months course (P<0.05) before nursing care. The scores improved in both groups after nursing care (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation training and nursing care may facilitate the recovery of ADL of cerebral trauma patients in recovery phase.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of midazolam on human ether-a-go-go (hERG) K+ channels exogenously expressed in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

METHODSWhole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record WT, Y652A and F656C hERG K+ current expressed in HEK-293 cells.

RESULTSMidazolam inhibited hERG K+ current in a concentration-dependent manner, the half-maximum block concentrations (IC50) values were (1.31 ± 0.32) µmol/L. The half-activation voltage (V1/2) were (2.32 ± 0.38) mV for the control and (-1.96 ± 0.83) mV for 1.0 µmol/L midazolam. The half-inactivation voltage (V1/2) was slightly shifted towards negative voltages from (-49.25 ± 0.69) mV in control to (-57.53 ± 0.53) mV after 1.0 µmol/L midazolam (P < 0.05). Mutations in drug-binding sites (Y652A or F656C) of the hERG channel significantly attenuated the hERG current blockade by midazolam.

CONCLUSIONMidazolam can block hERG K+ channel and cause the speed of inactivation faster. Mutations in the drug-binding sites (Y652 or F656) of the hERG channel were found to attenuate hERG current blockage by midazolam.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ; drug effects ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Midazolam ; pharmacology ; Mutation ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology

Objective To observe the effect of intensive cognitive training on the cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) of patients with cognitive disorder post stroke. Methods 80 patients with stroke with score of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) being 13~18 were divided into 2 groups. The control group (n=40) accepted routine rehabilitation nursing and the experimental group accepted intensive cognitive training in addition. They were assessed with MMSE and modified Barthel index (MBI) before and after intervention of 3 months. Results The scores of MMSE and MBI improved more in the experimental group than in the control group after intervention (P< 0.05). Conclusion Intensive cognitive training can improve the ADL of patients with cognitive disorder post stroke.

Objective To find out iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in the third trimester and the relationship between pregnant women and their neonates thyroid function in a high iodine area.Methods From April to June 2010,210 copies of fasting morning urine and venous blood,and their neonatal umbilical cord blood samples were collected in Haixing Hospital,Cangzhou city,Hebei province.Urinary iodine was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.The levels of free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) and sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone (sTSH) in serum were measured by chemiluminescence.Results Median urinary iodine of 210 pregnant women(average age 27.69 ± 4.73 years) in the third trimester was 1240.70 μg/L,84.3％(177/210) of them was in excessive iodine nutrition,and only 0.5％(1/210) of them was in adequate iodine nutrition.The prevalence rate of thyroid diseases was 19.5％ (41/210),and the spectrum of diseases were subclinical hypothyroidism(16.2％,34/210),subclinical hyperthyroidism(0.9％,2/210),hypothyroidism(2.4％,5/210) and hyperthyroidism (0,0/210).The number of newborns with sTSH 5 - ＞ 10 mU/L were 104 persons (49.5％); 10 - ＞ 20 mU/L were 44 persons(21.0％),and ≥20 mU/L were 16 persons(7.6％).Of pregnant women suffer from thyroid disease,the ratio(50.0％,24/48 ) of sTSH equal to 10.18 mU/L and ＞ 10 mU/L of their neonates was higher than that of their corresponding non-ill pregnant women(6.78 mU/L,Z =- 2.867,P ＜ 0.05; 22.2％,36/162,x2 =14.000,P ＜ 0.05).There was a positive correlation between neonates' and their mothers' sTSH levels (r =0.278,P ＜ 0.05).There was also a positive correlation between neonates' (sTSH ＞ 10 mU/L) and their mothers' abnormal sTSH levels (r =0.240,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Most of the pregnant women in high iodine areas are iodine excess.The level of neonates' sTSH is higher,and it is due to their mothers' abnormal sTSH and suffering from thyroid diseases to some extent.As a result,the monitoring of pregnant women's iodine nutrition and thyroid function and sTSH level of their neonates should be strengthened.

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that the freeze-dried and irradiation-sterilized allogeneic bone is an ideal material for bone transplantation, they are present with good biocompatibility and biomechanical property, also maintains some necessary enzymes for bone morphogenetic protein and morphogenesis protein in bone matrix with some osteninductivable potentials. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the compound of placenta tissue injection and allogeneic lyophilized bone on the reconstruction of jaw bone defects of dogs, and to compare with single allogeneic lyophilized bone. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A comparative observational trial was performed in the Animal Experimental Center of Harbin Medical University between December 2007 and September 2008. MATERIALS: Eight healthy hybred adult dogs; allogeneic lyophUized bone was offered by Hubei Osteolink Biomatedals Co.,Ltd; placenta tissue injection was purchased from Livzon Pharmaceutical Factory Zhuhai (2 mL per injection); allogeneic lyophilized bone: placenta tissue injection=(4-5):1.METHODS: A total of 96 experiment areas from hemisphere jaw defect models at 1.0 cm diameter were established in dog jaw bone site corresponding with central incisor, canine teeth and root apex of the first molar. In the experiment group, the allogeneic lyophilized bone and bone particles were soaked in placenta tissue injection and under saturation state, then the compound of placenta tissue injection and allogeneic lyophilized bone were implanted to jaw bone defect. In the positive control group, the allogeneic lyophilized bone and bone particles were soaked in sodium chloride injection and under saturation state, then implanted to jaw bone defect. In the negative control group, nothing was implanted to jaw bone defect. Each experiment area comprised four materials in each group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The radiological and histological observations were performed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation.RESULTS: In the experiment group, there was obvious cartilaginous osteogenesis in the earlier period and intramombranous osteogenesis in the late period. The new bone was well integrated with the surrounding tissues. In the positive control group, new recovered bone existed but the combination between the new bone and the original bone was not well. In the negative control group, jaw bone defects were not filled with bone trabecula. Histological examination results showed that there were more new bones in the experiment group than the control groups at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. Statistical difference could be observed among them (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 ).CONCLUSION: The compound of placenta tissue injection and allogenalc lyophilized bone can promote recovery of jaw bone defect actively and shorten recovering time effectively.