AIM:To investigate the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in the epithelial ovarian cancer ( EOC) and its relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) .METHODS:The expression of PARP-1, E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail was detected in the EOC and benign ovarian tumor tissues by immunohistochemi -cal method and real-time PCR.The expression of PARP-1, E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail proteins in the SKOV3 cells treated with efficient PARP-1 inhibitor PJ34 was determined by Western blotting .RESULTS:The positive expression rates of PARP-1, vimentin and Snail were significantly higher in the EOC than that in the benign ovarian tumor tissues , whereas the positive expression rate of E-cadherin was the opposite (P<0.05).The expression of PARP-1, E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail in the EOC was associated with the histological grade , clinical stage and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05), but no relationship with age and pathological types was observed .The expression of E-cadherin in the EOC was negatively co-related to that of PARP-1.In contrast, the expression of vimentin and Snail in the EOC was positively co-related to that of PARP-1.The relative mRNA expression of PARP-1, vimentin and Snail in the EOC was significantly higher than that in the benign ovarian tumor tissues ( P<0.05) , while the mRNA expression of E-cadherin in the EOC was remarkably lower than that in the benign ovarian tumor tissues (P<0.05).The protein expression of PARP-1, vimentin and Snail in the SKOV3 cells was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while E-cadherin protein was increased after treated with PJ 34(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:PARP-1 may contribute to the onset of EMT in the EOC by regulating the expression of E -cadherin, vim-entin and Snail.The role of PARP-1, which is relevant to EMT, might be important in the development of ovarian cancer .

OBJECTIVETo provide quantitative foundation for the diagnosis of atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation by analyzing the various imaging features of normal atlanto-axial joints in neutral position and rotary functional position on the MSCT images.

METHODSForty-one normal volunteers were examined by CT on the atlanto-axial joint in neutral position and rotary functional position. By the observation and measurement of atlanto-dental interval (ADI), lateral atlanta-dental space (LADS), VBLADS and rotating angle of atlas on dentate (RAAD), the imaging manifestations and anatomical characteristics were analyzed and compared. In order to compare VBLADS and RAAD and make a correlation analysis between different age groups, 51 normal volunteers were divided into two groups: age younger than 45 years old group and age older than or equal to 45 years old group.

RESULTSThe dens in neutral position deviated in an angle range of (3.22±0.89)°. The articular facets of lateral atlantoaxial joint in rotary functional position had rotatory displacement and the range of the relative rotation angle was (33.85± 2.79)°. Through the correlation analysis of matching data, it could be concluded that there was no correlation between atlantoaxial relative rotation angle and VBLADS within a certain range. There were statistically differences of atlantoaxial relative rotation angle in rotary functional position between two groups.

CONCLUSIONMSCT imaging in rotary functional position can clearly show the anatomical structure and rotation function of a normal atlanto-axial joint, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of atlanto axial rotatory subluxation.

Adult ; Aged ; Atlanto-Axial Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; methods ; Rotation

Several studies have demonstrated that heparin can significantly inhibit the P-selectin-mediated interaction of platelets and tumor cells during metastasis as a P-selectin ligand. However, little information is available about the specific oligosaccharide structures of heparin in recognition by P-selectin. Two chemically modified heparins, CR-heparin and SCR-heparin were prepared, to explore if such heparin derivatives can reduce the P-selectin-mediated A375 tumor cell adhesion. The results indicated that CR-heparin with low anticoagulant activity could significantly inhibit the P-selectin-mediated A375 tumor cell adhesion, demonstrating that 6-carboxyl group of the glucuronic acid in heparin may not be crucial for recognizing by P-selectin. In contrast, SCR-heparin reduced the inhibiting activity dramatically, suggesting that the recognition of P-selectin to heparin depend on not only densities of negative charge. These results provide valuable experimental evidence for clarifying the molecular mechanism of P-selectin-mediated tumor cell adhesion.

BACKGROUND: The previous experiments have conformed the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Jiannaaan, with the effects of tonifying kidney, promoting blood circulation and resolving phlegm, can inhibit the increased content of glucocorticoid (GC) in 2-24 hours after cerebral ischemic reperfusion (CIR), and reduce toxic effects of promoting nervous cell apoptosis induced by high GC. However, it is unclear whether this effect exists in GC receptor (GR).OBJECTIVE: To observe the intervention of TCM Jiannaoan on GR,further study protective mechanism of Jiannaoan power to hippocampal neurons after CIR, and perform positive control with compound almitrine.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial taken animals as subjects.SETTING: Center Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Center Laboratory of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between July 2002 and March 2003. Eighty male SD rats were randomized into 5 groups with 16 in each: Sham group, model group, treatment group, positive control group and antagonist group. And each group was divided into 4 subgroups: 2, 6,12 and 24 hours after CIR, with 4 rats at every time point.METHODS:①Administration: Except model group, rats in other 4 groups were administrated by intragastric infusion since 7 days before model establishment, once per day, with dose of 7 μL/g per day distilled water in sham group, 7.39 mg/kg per day compound almitrine in positive control group, 6.7 g/kg per day Jiannaoan crude drug (consisted of desertliving cistanche herb, tatarinowii sweetflag rhizome and rhubarb, etc) in treatment group and 10 g/kg per day GR antagonist mifepristone in antagonist group.② After 7-day administration, the CIR models were prepared on the experimental rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) filament method, while the rats in sham group were sutured after common carotid artery detachment at anesthesia, without filament.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All the rats were executed to take out brains at different time points of reperfusion, and the change of GR protein expression was observed with immunohistochemical method then the amount of positive cells were calculated in 3×200 sight of CA2 region.RESULTS: Totally 80 rats were entered into the result analysis. Compared with uninjured side, the protein expression of GR in model group,treatment group, positive control group and antagonist group were significantly lower than that of sham group (P ＜ 0.05), in which GR expression of injured side was equal to that of uninjured side without significant difference. No obvious change was found in the protein expression of GR among treatment group, positive group and antagonist group at different time points of reperfusion, and no significant difference was found between above groups and model group (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Jiannaoan power is selective for adjusting GR and content of GC: Jiannaoan can not adjust expression of GR, identical as compound almitrine; But Jiannaoan can protect the neurons through decreasing the content of GC in plasm and brain tissues after CIR.

Objective To explore the clinical value of clara cell protein 16 (Cc 16) in the early diagnosis of ARDS in critically ill patients.Methods A total of 55 critically ill patients admitted between March 2013 and December 2013 in the Intensive Care Unit were enrolled for study.The inclusion criteria were as follows:sepsis,pneumonia,multiple injuries,patients after emergency or elective operation and non-cardiogenic diseases,whereas the exclusion criteria were cardiogenic pulmonary edema,age ≤ 18 years or≥80 years and disease course prolonged over one week.The level of serum Cc16 was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).In addition,data of other biochemical examinations,the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE]Ⅱ) score and the relevant medical data were documented.The patients were divided into ARDS groups and non-ARDS groups based on clinical data met Berlin definition.Results The sensitivity and specificity of serum Cc16 for diagnosis of ARDS were 92％ and 80％,respectively with the area under the curve being 0.92,which were better than those of APACHE Ⅱ score,D-dimer,C-reactive protein,N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and serum albumin detected by the means of receiver operating characteristic curve,and cut off value was 20.62 ng/L.The bivariate analysis showed there was negative correlation between Cc16 and oxagenation index in ARDS patients and the Pearson correlation coefficient of serum Cc16 with oxygenation index was r =-0.342 (P =0.04).The results of one-way analysis of variance showed difference in level of Cc16 between subgroups (F =15.76,P =0.005 17).The level of Ccl6 in severe ARDS group was (64.18 ± 12.95) ng/L which was higher than that in mild ARDS group (35.87 ± 11.28) ng/L (P =0.001 14),and in moderate ARDS group (38.66 ± 20.14) ng/L (P =0.004 9),and in non-ARDS group (16.72 ± 8.74) ng/L (P =0.000 32).There was no statistically significant difference in Cc16 level between mild ARDS group and moderate ARDS group (P =0.682).The level of serum Ccl6 did not correlate with type or days of respiratory ventilation support,28-day survival rate or 120-hour survival rate and days of ICU stay and hospital stay.Conclusions The diagnostic value of serum Cc16 is very high in determining the presence and severity of ARDS in addition to the Berlin criteria in critically ill patients accurately assessing degree of lung injury.

A 1-year-old boy developed multiple skin-colored nodules on the forehead and extremities when he was 4 months old.Physical examination revealed that his general condition was well with no hepatomegaly,splenomegaly,lymphadenectasis,testicle abnormality or gingival hypertrophy.Pathologically,the epidermis was normal,while the dermis and subcutaneous tissue were diffusely infiltrated with medium-to large-sized deformed cells,which had a small amount of cytoplasm,oval nucleus,irregular shape and fine chromatin.Some infiltrating cells had nuclear groove and nucleoli.Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein,CD56,CD123,CD163,CD68,Ki-67 (40％),weakly positive for CD4 (some),but negative for myeloperoxidase,CD1,CD21.Bone marrow smears showed a 24.5％ infltration by monoblasts and promonocytes.A diagnosis of monoblastic sarcoma cutis preceding acute monoblastic leukemia was made.

Objective To observe the effect of ephedrine combined propofol and fentanyl in painless induced abortion.Methods Eighty cases of patients (ASA Ⅰ) who apply painless induced abortion were randomly divided into two groups:observation group and control group,each group with 40 cases.Both of the groups were given fentanyl 1 μ g/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg with 2 mg/ml lidocaine; then observation group was given 0.08-0.15 mg/kg ephedrine according to the blood pressure.The heart rate,blood pressure and pulse oximetry (SpO2) of preinduction,3 min and 5 min after induction and 3 min after surgery and the recovery time was observed.Results There was no significant difference about heart rate,blood pressure and SpO2 preinduction,but there was significant difference on 3 min and 5 min after induction in control group in contrast to preinduction [(69.80 ± 7.08),(65.18 ± 5.16) times/min vs.(83.65 ± 8.12)times/min and (86.65 ± 8.60),(90.73 ± 8.35) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) vs.(128.45 ± 11.83) mmHg] (P ＜ 0.05),while observation group kept stable; there was no significant difference about SpO2 and recovery time in both groups.Conclusion It is safe and effective to use ephedrine combined propofol and fentanyl in painless induced abortion.

Objectives To observe the effect of Suanzaoren Decoction on the expression of NMDAR1, NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B RNA in cortex and hippocampus of depression model rats, and explore the mechanism of treating depression. Methods Ninty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, western medicine group, Suanzaoren Decoction high, medium and low dose group. Except the blank group, the other groups were replicated the rat model of depression in chronic stress. The treatment groups were given corresponding drugs by gavage. The expression of NMDAR1, NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B genes in cortex and hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with the model group, the positive expression of NMDAR in cortex and hippocampus decreased in Suanzaoren Decoction high and medium dose group (P<0.01). The positive expression of NMDAR2A in cortex and hippocampus of Suanzaoren Decoction high, medium dose group and western medicine group decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the expression of NMDAR2A in hippocampus increased in Suanzaoren Decoction low dose group (P<0.05). The positive expression of NMDAR2B in cortex decreased in western medicine group, Suanzaoren Decoction high, medium and low dose group (P<0.01). The expression of NMDAR2B in hippocampus increased in Suanzaoren Decoction medium and low dose group (P<0.01). Conclusion Suanzaoren Decoction can play the role of treating depression by decreasing the expression of NMDAR1, NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B RNA in cortex and hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effect of Suanzaoren Decoction on hippocampus, cortex BDNF and TrKB gene expression in depression model rats. Methods Depression rat models were established by social-isolated raise and chronic stress stimulation. Suanzaoren decoction was administrated to the models. RT-PCR was adopted to detect the expression of mRNA BDNF and TrKB genes. Results The mRNA expression of BDNF and TrKB in cortex of Suanzaoren decoction high dose group、medium dose group and clomipramine group(0.213±0.094, 0.639±0.023, 1.032±0.015, 1.089±0.014, 1.580±0.012, 1.860±0.019)were all higher than the model group(0.032±0.008, 0.001±0.000), showing a significant difference among four groups (P<0.01), and the mRNA expression of BDNF and TrKB in hippocampus of Suanzaoren decoction high dose group, medium dose group and clomipramine group(0.213±0.094, 0.639±0.023, 1.032±0.015, 1.089±0.014, 1.580± 0.012, 1.860±0.019)were higher than the model group (0.021±0.015, 0.125±0.013), there was a significant difference between four groups(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the mRNA expression of low-dose group of Suanzaoren decoction in both cortex and hippocampus of BDNF and TrKB was not significantly different to the model group(P>0.05). Conclusion Suanzaoren decoction can increase the expression of BDNF and TrKB gene, promote neuronal proliferation, and resist depression.

The course of medical function design experiment can improve students’inter-ests,strengthen their practice ability and the ability to apply the knowledge synthetically,and de-velop their creativity consciousness and research ability. This article explores the teaching method of design experiment and its function in teaching.