Germplasm Resources Information System for Chinese Medicines (GRIS-CM) is designed and realized for improving the management efficiency of the germplasm resources for Chinese materia medica. The system integrates and analyzes the germplasm resources data, realizes information management of the germplasm resources for Chinese materia medica, and provides better services for scientific research institutions, governments, enterprises and medicinal herb growers. It contains 3 databases and 13 function modules, including the basic information base, literature library and gene bank. GRIS-CM can help manage the related data of germplasm resources for Chinese materia medica, and is better for data integration, analysis and statistics to find the rules and patterns. GRIS-CM provides flexible data comparison and visualization functions, and has significant practical value and research value.

Objective To investigate the effect of nonintubated intravenous anesthesia combined with local anesthesia on sympathetic nerve chain resection. Method One hundred and sixty palmar hyperhidrosis patients undergoing sympathetic nerve chain resection were divided into two groups, intubation general anesthesia (IGA) group and nonintubated intravenous anesthesia (NIA) group. The patients in IGA group were administrated with intubation general anesthesia. The patients in NIA group were administrated with nonintubated intravenous anesthesia. The physical signs, general anesthetics dosage, anesthesia time, hospital stays, hospitalization costs and postoperative complications were compared between two groups. Results In NIA group, the MAP after anesthesia , HR at 5 min and 10 min after anesthesia were lower than those in IGA group :MAP: (65.83 ± 12.53) , (68.19 ± 9.56), (69.72 ± 8.44), (68.58 ± 13.42) mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (98.47 ± 13.59), (93.53 ± 10.16), (86.13 ± 11.22), (81.52 ± 9.67) mmHg; HR:(76.36 ± 7.93), (78.42 ± 9.13) bpm vs. (102.67 ± 10.38), (97.66 ± 9.73) bpm, P<0.05. Similarly, the SpO2 and PaO2 after anesthesia in NIA group were also lower than those in IGA group:SpO2:0.93 ± 0.14, 0.94 ± 0.21, 0.93 ± 0.34, 0.94 ± 0.24 vs. 1.00 ± 0.13, 0.99 ± 0.16, 0.99 ± 0.20, 0.98 ± 0.13; PaO2: (83.73 ± 8.35), (68.57 ± 9.32), (63.93 ± 10.54), (65.51 ± 11.72) mmHg vs. (298.65 ± 25.19), (328.58 ± 30.61), (303.26 ± 29.34), (317.49 ± 28.15) mmHg , P<0.05. And the PaCO2 after anesthesia was higher than that in IGA group (52.93 ± 9.27), (61.47 ± 7.32), (71.58 ± 8.23), (68.13 ± 10.58) mmHg vs. (36.86 ± 5.52), ( 35.73 ± 6.14), (37.18 ± 7.39), (36.35 ± 5.87) mmHg, P<0.05. In NIA group, the dosages of propofol and remifentanil, anesthesia time were less than those in IGA group:(235.63 ± 19.42) mg, (446.58 ± 50.32)μg, (66.45 ± 13.35) min vs. (317.86 ± 28.36) mg, (623.47 ± 403.93)μg , (89.27 ± 16.38) min, P<0.05 or<0.01. In hospital stays, hospitalization costs, there were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). In NIA group, 8 patients needed artificial respiration, which were more than those in IGA group (8 vs. 0) (P<0.05). In NIA group, the incidences of throat discomfort, nausea and vomiting were lower than those in IGA group:0 vs. 32.5% (26/80) and 25.0% (20/80) vs. 11.2% (9/80), P<0.05. However, the incidence of lung infection was similar to that in IGA group (P>0.05). Conclusions Nonintubated intravenous anesthesia combined with local anesthesia is safe for palmar hyperhidrosis patients undergoing sympathetic nerve chain resection, with less complications and without increasing the workload.

Objective To explore the effect of suledexide on renal injury and podocalyxin expression of podocytes in STZ diabetic desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-hypertensive rats. Methods Wistar rats were subjected to subcutaneous injection of streptozotocin(STZ), followed by uninephrectomy and subcutaneous administration of DOCA. Diabetic and hypertensive rats were randomly allocated to treatment with sulodexide or a combination of sulodexide and telmisartan for 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP), 24-hour urinary albumin were measured every 2 weeks. Blood and urinary samples were collected to detect biochemical indexes of plasma and urinary β-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) at the end of the study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the expression and distribution of podocalyxin. Results STZ +DOCA-treated rats progressively developed hypertension, albuminuria and hyperglycemia. Hyperlipidemia and hypoinsulinemia were found in diabetic and hypertensive rats compared with controls. Albuminuia was significantly reduced in sulodexide group at week 8 and sulodexide plus telmisartan group at week 6 and week 8. Blood pressure decreased in sulodexide plus telmisartan group. No significant effects on lipid and glucose metabolism were observed in all treated groups. Histopathological index increased in STZ+DOCA-treated rats, but was significantly lower in sulodexide group as well as sulodexide plus telmisartan group. The number of podocytes on glomerular cross-section of the four groups were comparable. Segmental loss and down-regulation of podocalyxin were detected in STZ+DOCA-treated rats, which were greatly attenuated by sulodexinde, meanwhile, combination treatment preserved more podocalyxin expression in glomeruli than sulodexide monotherapy. Conclusion Sulodexide effectively reduces albuminuria, prevents loss of podocyte podocalyxin and alleviates renal damage in STZ diabetic DOCA-hypertensive rats.

Objective To determine the surfactant protein A (SP-A) subtype distribution and expression in human renal tissue and cultured human renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2), and to explore the influence of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of SP-A subtypes mRNA and SP-A protein. Methods lmmunohistochemical staining was performed using SP-A polyclonal antibodies. RT-PCR was performed with mRNA from HK-2 cells and normal human kidney.Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and sequencing were used to evaluate the subtypes of SP-A. The relative content of SP-A mRNA in human kidney and human lung was compared by real-time PCR. Western blotting analysis for SP-A was performed on protein from renal tissue and cultured HK-2 cells SP-A protein in human urine and culture supernatant of HK-2 cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting respectively. HK-2cells were treated with LPS at various concentrations (0,0.1,1,2,5,10 mg/L) for 8 h and at 5mg/L for various time points (0,2,4,8,16,24 h). Expression of SP-A mRNA and protein was analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results SP-A was localized in renal tubular epithelial cells of both proximal and distal convoluted tubules. SP-A1, SP-A2 mRNA and protein could be detected in normal HK-2 cells and human kidney. The significant secretion of SP-A [urine: (106.614172.772) nmol/L, n=30; culture supernatant: (85.533±58.622) nmol/L, n=10] was shown. The levels of SP-A1, SP-A2 mRNA and Sp-A protein in HK-2 cells were significantly decreased after treatment with LPS. Conclusions Human renal tubular epithelial cells can express both SP-A1 and SP-A2 genes which may play an important role in inflammation modulation of kidney.

Objective To investigate the effect of surfactant protein D(SP-D)overexpression on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)expression in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2)and its mechanism. Methods HK-2 cells were treated with LPS at various concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 2, 5, 10 mg/L)for 8 h and at 5 mg/L for various time points(0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 h). Expression of SP-D was detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Expression of MCP-1 was determined by ELISA and real-time PCR. Human SP-D cDNA eukaryotic expression vector pEE14-hSP-D was transfected to HK-2 cells. The changes in transfected cells of SP-D protein were observed by Western blotting. Expression of MCP-1 was detected by ELJSA and real-time PCR. Results SP-D was expressed in HK-2 cells. The levels of SP-D protein and mRNA in HK-2 cells were significantly decreased after treatment with LPS(P<0.05). Expression of MCP-1 protein and mRNA was increased remarkably after treatment with LPS(P<0.05). HK-2 cells transfected with pEE14-hSP-D showed up-regulated expression of SP-D. The overexpression of SP-D inhibited the LPS-inducedexpression of MCP-1(P<0.01). Conclusions SP-D inhibits LPS-induced expression of MCP-1 in HK-2 cells. SP-D may play an important role in the modulation of renal inflammation.

Objective To investigate the correlation of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI features with microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Conventional MR imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced scan in thirty-three patients with NSCLC confirmed by pathologyn were performed. MVD and VEGF were stained with immuno-histochemical technique in all cases. Some parameters of DCE MRI, including maximum slope(Smax) and time to peak(TTP) were put more analysis. The relationship between the results of DCE MRI (Smax and TTP) and that of immuno-histochemistry (MVD and VEGF) was analysed.Results The Smax of adeno carcinoma was higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma,but TTP was lower. The difference was obvious difference(t=3.22,P

Objective To investigate the effect of surfactant protein A (SP-A) on the production of MIP-2 and binding activity of NF-?B in rat tubular epithelial cells, and evaluate its possible role in renal inflammation. Methods Confluent cultures of NRK-52E cells (a renal tubular epithelial cell line of rat origin) were pretreated with various concentrations of SP-A(0 to 80 ?g/ml) and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 ?g/ml) with 2% serum. MIP-2 expression was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The effect of SP-A on NF-?B binding activity was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results MIP-2 mRNA and protein was expressed and up-regulated in NRK-52E cells stimulated by LPS. The expression of MIP-2 was down-regulated by SP-A. NF-?B binding activity was inhibited by SP-A in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion SP-A binding activity and down-regulates the expression of MIP-2 in renal tubular epithelial cells, which may play an important role in the modulation of renal tissue inflammation.

AIM: To study the expression of laminin and survivin in primary gallbladder carcinoma(PGC),and their correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics of PGC.METHODS: Forty-nine specimens with PGC,21 with cholecystoadenoma and 13 with chronic cholecystitis were included in this study.Laminin and survivin expression in gallbladder tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between laminin or survivin expression and clinico-pathologic data were also analyzed.RESULTS: An intact basement membrane(BM) with well-delineated,smooth and continuous line-like laminin staining was identified in the tissues from chronic cholecystitis,adenoma of gallbladder and gallbladder carcinoma in situ.Submucosal BM,which was interrupted in PGC specimens in NevinⅡstage,was almost lost in tumor tissues in Nevin Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ stage.Meanwhile,a distinguishing feature of the tumor tissue was broken or discontinuous line-like laminin staining in the matrix to tumor cells.These lines were detected to be weak,or even entirely absent in some neoplastic tissue sections.Sometimes,a faint cytoplasmic staining of laminin was also found in tumor tissues as classified to Nevin Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ stage.Expression of survivin in PGC tissues was significantly higher than that in adenoma of gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis.However,survivin expressions had no specificity and positive predictive value for cell differentiation and grade as well as clinic stage of PGC by using statistical analyses.Furthermore,no correlation was confirmed between the staining features of laminin and survivin expression.CONCLUSION: Laminin expression is strongly associated with the malignancy and invasiveness of PGC,and survivin might play an important synergistic role in the development of PGC.

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin 1-7(Ang 1-7) on renal proximal tubular epithelial cell(HK-2) transdifferentiation induced by high glucose.Methods All the raised HK-2 cells were divided into 5 groups: normal control group,high glucose group,high glucose with Ang1-7 group,high glucose with Ang1-7 and A779 group,high glucose with pioglitazone group.Expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ) and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) was detected by Western blotting,real-time PCR and immunofluorescence.Results The levels of PPAR-γ protein and mRNA in HK-2 cells were significantly increased after treatment with high glucose and Ang 1-7.Expression of α-SMA protein and mRNA was inhibited remarkably after treatment with high glucose and Ang 1-7.These effects of Ang 1-7 on HK-2 cells could be reversed by Mas receptor antagonist A779.Conclusion Ang 1-7 inhibits high glucose-induced expression of o-SMA in HK-2 cells,which is in part through the Mas.

Objective To investigate the effects of angiotensin1-7 (Ang1-7) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis of diabetic rats.Methods Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group,diabetic group,telmisartan group,Ang1-7-treated group.For 9 weeks after diabetes mellitus model established,24 h proteinuria,urine NAG/Cr,glucose,insulin,TG,TC,BUN,Scr,Na+ and K+ were assessed.Renal pathological changes were evaluated by PAS staining; Expression of TGF-β1,PPARγ and α-SMA mRNA was deteeted by real-time PCR; Protein levels of PPARγ,α-SMA and TGF-β1 were detected by Western blotting.Results (1)At the end of the ninth week,the blood pressure,proteinuria,renal weight/body weight in group DM were significantly higher than those in group NC (P＜0.05).(2)Renal interstitial fibrosis in group DM was obviously severe as compared to group NC (P＜0.05),but was improved in group TM and group T(P＜0.05).(3)TGF-β1 and α-SMA mRNA in group DM were significantly increased,and PPARγ mRNA was significantly decreased.Compared with group DM,TGF-β1 and α-SMA mRNA were significantly decreased,and PPARγ mRNA was significantly increased in group TM and group T,especially in group T.(4)TGF-β1 and α-SMA in group DM were significantly increased,and PPARγ decreased significantly.Compared with group DM,TGF-β1 and α-SMA decreased significantly,PPARγ increased significantly in group TM and group T,especially in group T.Conclusion Ang1-7 inhibits high glucose-induced α-SMA expression in vivo through up-regulating the PPAR expression and may inhibit renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis of diabetic rats.