Objective To observe the clinical effect of orally montelukast combined with doxofylline in older bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 87 stationary phase older bronchial asthma patients were divided into trial group (44 cases) and control group (43 cases).Trial group was given orally montelukast 10 mg 1 time/d,doxofylline 0.2 g,2 times/d.Control group was given inhaled fluticasone 250 μ g,2 times/d,a total of 3 months.The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR),one second rate (FEV1/FVC),asthma control test (ACT) score and the adverse reaction were compared between the 2 groups.Results There were no significant differences in FEV1,PEFR,FEV1/FVC before treatment between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05),they were significantly improved after treatment [trial group:(2.20 ± 3.21)L vs.(1.68 ± 0.71) L,(3.97 ± 0.32) L/s vs.(3.27 ± 0.32) L/s,(76.18 ± 1.02)％ vs.(63.91 ± 1.40)％,control group:(2.24 ±0.75) L vs.(1.71 ± 1.58) L,(4.06 ±0.34) L/s vs.(3.29 ±0.28) L/s,(77.85 ±0.67)％ vs.(62.37 ± 1.29)％],there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).But there were no statistical differences after treatment between the 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).According ACT score,total effective rate in trial group was 90.9％ (40/44),in control group was 95.3％(41/43),there was no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).The rates of adverse reaction in trial group and control group were 4.5％(2/44) and 7.0％(3/43),there was no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The curative effect of orally montelukast combined with doxofylline in older bronchial asthma closes to the classic solution of inhalation fluticasone,which is easily accepted by older patients,and safety.It provides another option for older bronchial asthma patients.

BACKGROUND:Reinfusion of autologous drainage blood could reduce al ogeneic blood demand after total hip replacement. The application of anticoagulant could ensure the safety of peri-operation period after total hip replacement. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application effect of reinfusion of autologous drainage blood after total hip replacement in patients taking anticoagulant. ＜br> METHODS:100 patients underwent initial unilateral total hip replacement in the Weifang People’s Hospital in China from January 2012 to January 2014. According to reinfusion of autologous drainage blood, the patients were divided into observation group and control group (n=50). ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After replacement, total blood volume and the maximum mid-thigh circumference change were significantly larger in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05). No significant difference in hidden blood loss was detected between the two groups (P>0.05). Results indicated that under the application of anticoagulant, reinfusion of autologous drainage blood in patients undergoing total hip replacement does not affect hidden blood loss, but can cause an increase in limb swel ing.

To study the effect of postural change on intraocular pressure ( lOP ) fluctuation in open angle glaucoma patients after trabeculectomy, and to discuss the value of this investigation on prognosis.METHODS:Fifty-one cases (62 eyes) of primary open angle glaucoma were selected as the research object. Perkins ophthalmotonometer was used to test lOP at the time when patient seat ( first seat ) . The patients were asked to lie supine for 25min, detected lOP, and the patients seated again (final seat), sustaining for 15min, detected lOP. According to whether the lOP range was more than 5mmHg, they were divided into high volatility fluctuation group and low volatility fluctuation group. We recorded their visual field progression ( with AGlS score) , HPA staging, in order to evaluate the correlation of lOP range with them. Reviews were made 3mo a time, and lasted for 1a, in order to evaluate the relation between lOP range and AGlS scores.RESULTS: The lOP of first seat was 18. 1+2. 2mmHg. There was no significant difference in the same position (P>0. 05 ). The lOP range was 4. 1 ± 1. 5mmHg. Low volatility fluctuation group was more likely to have low AGlS score and to be early vision HPA ( P<0. 001, P<0. 05 ) . There were significantly positive correlation between lOP range and AGlS (r=0. 412, P<0. 001); With time increasing, the number of patients whose visual field progression was increased, and the lOP was also raised. At any time the two were positively correlated (P<0. 01).CONCLUSlON:Visual field progression is related to the degree of lOP fluctuation in open angle glaucoma patients after trabeculectomy, so we can predict the prognosis of patients simply by detect lOP fluctuation. This is good to adjust the lOP control scheme.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common complication of diabetes that can lead to severely impaired visual acuity.Its pathogenesis is complex,which is closely related to the destruction of blood-retinal barrier,and there are many cytokines involved in its formation,but the exact mechanism is not yet fully clear.Recent researches suggested that some typical pathological characterizations of retina can be used as criteria for evaluating its occurrence,and it is known that a variety of risk factors participated in the pathological process,such as glucose,blood pressure,blood lipids,which are well-known and can be closely correlated with its development through impacting the systemic and retinal vascular functions by complex mechanisms and leading to endothelial dysfunction.While other systemic risk factors,such as diabetic nephropathy which leads to changes in osmotic balance,anemia which increases cytokines caused by ischemia and hypoxia,excessive body weight which leads to vascular damage through fat factor,smoking that produces blood vessel damage by promoting oxidative stress on the body and various hypoglycemic drugs,will influence the development of macular edema on different levels.So conducting a comprehensive and newest understanding of this disease and its risk factors are conducive to better prevention efforts for diabetes patients.This review mainly summarizes the latest researches on definition,classification,pathologic characterization and risk factors of DME.

Objective To investigate the effects of ginsenoside(GS) on the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) and cytokines in THP-1 induced by ?-amyloid(A?)_(1-40). Methods Human monocyte THP-1 cell line was used as a model of microglia.The expression of phosphorylated ERK was measured by Western blotting.The concentration of cytokine interleukin(IL)-1,IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) was determined by radioimmunoassay in supernatant of THP-1 cells.Results The expression of phosphorylated ERK was enhanced and the concentration of cytokine IL-1,IL-8 and TNF-? was significantly increased in THP-1 cells stimulated by A?_(1-40) as compared with that of control group.Preincubation of THP-1 monocytes with ginsenoside(GS) for 30 min reduced the(expression)(of)(phosphorylated)(ERK)(and)(decreased)(the)(levels)(of)(cytokine)(IL-1,)(IL-8) (and)(TNF-?)(significantly)(in)(THP-1)(cells)(induced by) A?_(1-40).Conclusion Ginsenoside inhibites phosphorylation of ERK and reduces the content of cytokines in THP1 monocytes induced by A?,it may provide a novel therapy for alzheimer's disease.

Objective To investigate the reasons of the unusual widening of Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) and its clinical significance. Methods Clinic and MRI data of 1 case of VRS were analyzed retrospectively and related literatures were reviewed. Results VRS usually existed in the healthy adults and widening with age. In this case, VRS was a benign anatomic variant without special clinical significance. But in children, unusual widening of VRS suggested clinical significance. Conclusions Widening of VRS has no clear relation to clinical symptoms for adults. However, it is helpful in differentiation of diseases.

Objective: To establish the model of cultured human amniotic epithelial cells(HAECs) on the fibrin clot in order to observe the effect of EGF,bFGF and TGF-?1 on HAEC.Methods:The cultivated HAECs on the formulated fibrin clot were examined by phase contrast microscopy,Giemsa staining and scanning electron microscopy.The effect of growth factor(EGF,bFGF,and TGF-?1) on the apoptosis of HAECs was measured by TUNEL.Results: HAECs generated on the formulated fibrin clot in vitro.HAECs exposed to EGF or bFGF showed a lower rate of apoptosis than the control group(P

Objective:To study the effects of whole body vibration(WBV)on resistance fracture after postmenopausal obesity women.Methods:A 12-weeks prospective and randominzed trial of 100 postmenopausal women with body mass index(BMI)≥23.The subjects were exposed to three 10-minutes treaments/week,low-magnitude(2.0m/s)and 30Hz vertical accelerations. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)was used to measure bone mineral density(BMD)at the L_2～L_4 and the neck of left femur at baseline after 12weeks.Mobility Evaluation System was measured the mass and force of music in lower limbs and the force of resistance fracture in femoralneck after 12weeks intervention.Results:Ninty-six women completed the 12-weeks trial. BMD of treatment subjects increased 62.96% with a gain 0.65% in the L_2～L_4,whereas,contral group was increase 26.83% with a loss 0.89%.In the femoralneck,the 72.22% increase observed in the vibration group,contral group was increase 19.51%,the benefit were 1.62% and-1.38% in two groups.The left musle force exhibited a increase 83.33%with benefit of 12.14% in treament group and little increase 29.27% with loss of-8.15% in non-vibration group.The resistance fracture of force of femoralneck was significantly increase in the mechanical group,the increase and gain rate were 83.33%,2.65%,19.51% and -1.52%.Conclusion:WBV of low-level and high-frequency may be effecies for inhibiting the decline in BMD after postmenopausal obesity women,in addition,the musle force in lower limbs and the force of resistance fracture were significantly increase.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Chinese herbs in resisting chronic immobilization stress.Methods: The rat models of chronic immobilization stress were copied by merely constraint.Total RNA in hippocampus was extracted and primers of enkaphalin or prodynorphin were respectively added for RT-PCR reaction.Then the expressions of enkaphalin and prodynorphin in hippocampus were compared. Results: Enkaphalin mRNA and prodynorphin mRNA expressions in hippocampus markedly increased in chronic immobilization stress and the longer the more evident.Xiaoyao powder as well as decoction of four mild drugs were able to decrease the gene expression of enkaphalin mRNA,and all the three recipes were able to decrease the gene expression of prodynorphin mRNA,and the effect of Xiaoyao powder was obviously outweigh to Jinkuishenqi pill.Conclusion: enkaphalin and prodynorphin both participated in the regulation of hippocampus on stress;the regulation of endogenous opium system was one of the most important ways of the three recipes in accommodating stress.

Objective To establish a method for determining glutamate concentration in microamount cerebrospinal fluid after acute cerebral insult.Methods The concentration of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid was measured in mice after acute cerebral insult by precolumn derivatization with O-phthaldehyde.Results The average recovery of glutamate was 84.26% to 125.6%(n=3),the relative standard deviation(RSD) in one day and three days was respectively less than 4.94%(n=3),0.78%(n=3).The concentration of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid of mice 6 h after acute cerebral insult was significantly higher than that of sham operation mice(P