Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Objective To observe the expression level of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in bone marrow stromal cells of acute leukemia at initial diagnosis and complete remission. Method Bone marrow stromal cells were isolated and cultured from five patients of acute leukemia at the time of initial diagnosis (Group A), five patients of acute leukemia at complete remission (Group B), and five healthy individuals or persons with no serious hematopathy (Group C). The content of SDF-1 protein in cultured supernatants was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The contents of SDF-1 protein in supernatants of groups A, B and C were 2 941?374, 2 891?305 and 1 583?157pg/ml, respectively. The contents in both group A and group B were significantly higher than that in group C. Conclusion The SDF-1 expression level in acute leukemia bone marrow stromal cells was elevated at initial diagnosis, and the abnormality persisted until the stage of complete remission.

This study was designed to investigate inhibitory effects and possible mechanisms of snake venom tripeptide (pENW) on platelet adhesion in order to promote the development of a novel anti-platelet therapy. To study the inhibitory effects of pENW on platelet adhesion, washed platelets pre-incubated with pENW (116.5-466.2 μmol x L(-1)) were used to test the ability of platelet adhesion to fibrinogen. Effect of pENW on fibrin clot retraction was also tested. Effect of pENW on platelets viability was tested by MTT assay. Effect of pENW on reactive-oxygen species (ROS) levels of platelet was studied by flow cytometry assay. Calcium mobilization in Fura-2/AM-loaded platelets was monitored with a spectrofluorimeter. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), thromboxane A2 (determined as its metabolite thromboxane B2) were measured using enzyme immunoassay kits. Akt, ERK and p38 phosphorylation were tested by Western blot. The results showed that pENW inhibited platelet adhesion and fibrin clot retraction in a concentration-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Intracellular cGMP and cAMP in both resting and thrombin-activated platelets were increased by pENW. In addition, pENW attenuated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and TXA2 production in platelets stimulated by thrombin. As shown by Western blot assay, Akt, ERK and p38 phosphorylation in thrombin-induced platelet were attenuated by pENW. However, inhibitory effects of pENW had nothing to do with ROS. Thus, pENW exhibited a significant inhibition on platelet adhesion to fibrinogen, which means pENW could block the first step of thrombosis as while as retard the more stable clot formation. The mechanisms of pENW on inhibition platelet adhesion might be related to instant regulations, such as protein kinases.
Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Phosphorylation ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Snake Venoms ; chemistry ; Thromboxane A2 ; metabolism ; Thromboxane B2 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the practice status of the newNursing practice standards for intravenous therapy in secondary and above hospitals in Shandong province. Methods Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 3051 nurses from 129 hospitals in 17 cities in Shandong province. Results Nurses′ awareness rate of the new Nursing practice standards for intravenous therapy was 92.69%(2828/3051);92.13%(2811/3051) nurses reported that their hospitals used the new standard, 65.78%(2007/3051) nurses reported that their hospitals had applied the standard since the second half of 2014; 92.92% (2835/3051) nurses reported that their hospitals had revised their practice rules according to the new standard;93.54%(2854/3051) nurses reported that their hospitals had revised the related nursing process; 50.08% (1528/3051) nurses thought the new standard helpful to clinical practice;22.98%(701/3051) nurses knew well about the new standard;53.85%(1643/3051) nurses thought the standard applicable to clinical practice. Conclusions As nurses do not master the Nursing practice standards for intravenous therapy well, they need strengthened training. Hospitals should fresh their rules, protocolsand supply training program to improve nurses′ knowledge and skill. Meanwhile, Nursing practice standards for intravenous therapyalso needs to be revised and improved according to nurses feedback.

Objective To observe level of thyroid and corticosteroid hormone of peacekeepers in South Sudan the harsh environment under stress and explore the changes of hormone and its related causes the body to suffer stress.Methods 25 peacekeepers were drawn blood before going abroad,after going abroad 1 months,4 months and 7 months,respectively.Methods of immune by magnetic separation were adopted and determined the changes of thyroid hormone and cortisol levels.They were compared with before going abroad.Results After going abroad 1 months T3 (1.780 ±0.345)ng/mL,T4 (88.609 ±14.486)ng/mL,FT3 (3.758 ±4.287)pg/mL,FT4 (15.152 ±6.422)pg/mL than before going abroad (1.458 ±0.206)ng/mL,(2.060 ±0.642)ng/mL,(11.672 ±3.627)pg/mL,(96.958 ± 12.286)pg/mL were significantly increased (t =3.670,2.410,2.019,2.798,all P <0.0 ).TSH (1.320 ± 0.518)μIU /mL after going abroad 4 months was lower than before going abroad(1.872 ±0.821)μIU /mL decreased significantly(t =3.175,P <0.05).Conclusion In the role of the environment change of stress factors,changes of thyroid hormone and cortisol levels of body were obvious.We suggest to make countermeasure as soon as possible and appropriate intervention.At the same time the peacekeepers are detected comprehensive hormone detection and psy-chological counseling before going abroad,it is significant for the successful completion of peace -keeping task.

As one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis,human cytomegalovirus infection has received increasing attention,while cytomegalovirus infection of vascular endothelial cells is considered as the initial stage of causing atherosclerosis.Therefore,elucidating the mechanism of human cytomegalovirus infection of vascular endothelial cells will help further confirm the viral and etiological theories of atherosclerosis,and may block its occurrence and development from the initial stage of infection.

A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric( HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of four phenolic and salicylanilide anthelmintics including nitroxinil, oxyclozanide, closantel and rafoxanide in cattle and ovine tissues. Muscle, liverand kidney were extracted with acetonitrile-acetone(60:40, V/V)and fat with 1% triethylamine in acetonitrile, then the extract was purified with MAX solid-phase extraction column. Qualitative and quantitative analysiswas achieved by HPLC-MS/MS undernegative multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM) mode. Good correlation coefficients were obtained (R>0. 99) in the concentration range of 1-100 μg/L. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of qualification (LOQ) for the four compounds were 1 and 2. 5 μg/kg, respectively. The mean recoveries at the four levels of LOQ, 0. 5 maximum residue limit (MRL), MRL, 2MRL were between 71% and 112%,with the intra-day relative standard deviation(RSD)in the range of 1. 1%-14. 0%and inter-day RSD in the range of 6. 4%-14. 7%. Forty samples from the market were analyzed with the method, only two samples were found to show phenolic and salicylanilide anthelmintics residues.

OBJECTIVE Researching the dynamic changes of air bacteria content in the process of spine operating.METHODS Adopt settling process to monitor the bacterium content of the air in the process of surgery operating at the point of pre-operating,cut skin,surgical sutures,suturescontent.RESULTS There are two obvious peak values of bacteria content in the process of spinal surgery operating,at beginning of operating and operating finished.CONCLUSIONS There are two obvious peak values of bacteria total amount changes in the process of operating in operating room,the main factor of the bacteria total amount changes in the air is the personal activities in operating room during operatings.

Objective To investigate the reversal effects of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) and cyclosporin A(CsA) on multidrug resistance(MDR) of human erythroleukemia cells with gene transfer K562/MDR and to discuss the possible correlative mechanism.Methods K562/MDR cells in culture medium were treated with TMP(50—6 400 mg?L-1) and CsA(0.5—256 mg?L1) respectively.The growth rates of these cells were measured by MTT assay.Non-cytotoxic doses of TMP and CsA were determined.There were 5 growps in the experiment:G1(TMP+ADM+K562/MDR),G2(CsA+ADM+K562/MDR),G3(TMP+CsA+ADM+K562/MDR),negative control(K562/MDR subsitituted by K562/S),control(drugs subsitituted by 1640 culture medium),the inhibitory effects of adriamycin(ADM) used alone or in combination with TMP or/and CsA on the proliferation of K562/S and K562/MDR cells were observed by resisting fold and reversal folds.The effects of TMP and CsA on ADM accumulation in K562/S and K562/MDR cells were analyzed by fluorospectrophotometry.The protein level of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) was detected by flow cytometry(FCM).Results The non-cytotoxic doses of TMP and CsA were 320 and 2.0 mg?L-1,respectively.The resistance of K562/MDR cells to ADM was 19.2 folds of that of K562/S cells.When TMP and CsA were added along with ADM to the K562/MDR culture,the reversal folds were 5.2 and 9.6.When TMP in combination with CsA was added along with ADM to the K562/MDR culture,the reversal folds were 15.6.When various concentrations ADM were added to the K562/MDR culture,TMP and CsA could increase the intracellular accumulation of ADM.The effect of TMP in combination with CsA was more evident.Compared with control,TMP and CsA could inhibit the overexpression of P-gp protein(P

To assess the impact of the operational simulation training system on the cultivation of ophthalmic students.
●METHODS: Four hundred and eighty ophthalmic students in China Medical University from 2009 to 2011 were chosen as objects and divided into two groups at random. The students in the experimental group used operation simulation training system combined with traditional teaching methods, while the students in the control group only used traditional teaching methods. We examined the operation skills and the confidence of all the students half a year later.
●RESULTS: The improvement of the operation skills during the suture technique examination, and the confidence for operation technology were significantly different in two groups. The basic skills of the students in the examination groups improved apparently during the operational simulation training and they were full of confidence to their operational technique.
●CONCLUSlON: The operational simulation training is useful for promoting the clinical ability for ophthalmic students and should be widely popularized.