Objective To explore the relationship between brain development and early behavior development of infant rats. Methods Infant Spraque - Dawley(SD) rats were used respectively for testing their spontaneous behaviors, inhibitory escaping response and behavior development, and also determine their brain weight and content of Zinc in different part of the brain at age of 1 day, 11 days and 21 days. Results There was a positive correlation between brain development and early behavior development of SD rat, and the high content of zinc in hippocampus and cerebellum. Conclusion It is suggested that the high content of Zinc guarantee furnish security for the late behavior development of infant rat.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needle therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and the effect on neuroelectrophysiology (event-related potentials). Methods: A total of 60 PSCI patients were selected and divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the method of random number table, with 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group received routine treatment while the patients in the treatment group received additional Jin's three-needle therapy. The treatment for both groups lasted four weeks. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores as well as amplitude and latency of potential 300 (P300) were adopted to compare the between-group results before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences (all P>0.05) in MMSE and MoCA scores, P300 latency and P300 amplitude between the two groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, the MMSE and MoCA scores and P300 amplitudes were improved in both groups, and the P300 latencies became shorter. The results showed significant intra-group and between-group differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the routine treatment, Jin's three-needle therapy is effective for PSCI. The mechanism is probably through its regulation on the patients' neuroelectrophysiology.

OBJECTIVETo explore the methods and outcomes of a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion for the treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).

METHODSTwenty-one patients with tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of PCL treated with a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion by cannulated screw fixation from March 2010 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 8 females with an average age of 35.1 years old (ranged, 20 to 56 years). Eleven cases caused by traffic accident, 3 caused by falling, 4 caused by sport, 3 caused by heavy pounds. The injury duration ranged from 3 hours to 9 days with a mean of 3.5 days. The results of posterior drawer test were positive in all patients. Lysholm score was used to evaluated knee joint function.

RESULTSAll operations were successful without infection, vessel and nerve injuries and all incisions healed by first intention with the mean length of 5.8 cm (ranged, 5 to 6 cm). All patients were followed up from 7 to 23 months with an average of 12.7 months. The results of posterior drawer test were negative in all patients. X-ray films showed that all fractures healed. The Lysholm score was improved from preoperative 40.76±9.55 to 95.86±2.33 final follow-up (t=30.07, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament through a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion with cannulated screw fixation is a better surgical procedure with the advantages of minimal incision, sufficient exposure, effective fixation, small scar and satisfactory effects.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Hip Joint ; surgery ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of iguratimod in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Ninety patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly divided into three groups, with 30 cases in each group. Group A: oral administration of iguratimod, 25 mg two times a day, and oral administration of methotrexate, 10 mg once a week. Group B:oral administration of iguratimod, 25 mg two times a ady. Group C: oral administration of methotrexate, 15 mg once a week. According to the American College of Rheumatology criteria for judging 20%, 50%and 70%(ACR20, ACR 50 and ACR 70) improvement of swollen and tender joint was judged according to the American College Of Rheumatology criteria, and the adverse reactions were observed. Results After the treatment in group A and group B ACR20, ACR50 and ACR70 were higher than those in group C [76.67%(23/30) and 60.00% (18/30) than 40.00% (12/30), 50.00% (15/30) and 33.33% (10/30) than 20.00% (6/30), 23.33%(7/30) and 13.33%(4/30) than 6.67%(2/30)], and in group A was higher than that in group B. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The adverse reaction rate in group A and group B was significantly lower than that in group C:16.67%(5/30) and 13.33%(4/30) than 30.00%(9/30), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the adverse reaction occurred rate in group A and group B, had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions Monotherapy with iguratimod in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis is superior to methotrexate, and has fewer side effects. The combined application of the two drugs is more effective, and can reduce the dose of methotrexate and reduce the incidence of side effects, which is worthy of clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Lugu Ganoderma Lucidum (LGL) on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and monocyte adhesion to endothelium (AdM-E) induced by oxydative LDL and advanced glycosylation endproducts (AGE) by using serum pharmacological technique.

METHODSLDL oxidation was determined by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the supernatants, and AdM-E was determined by measuring myeloperoxidase activity of adherent monocyte.

RESULTSSerum derived from rats 0.5 hrs, 1 hr, 2 hrs, 3 hrs after LGL administering 0.12 g/kg once and 0.5 hrs, 1 hr after LGL administering twice showed no significant effect on LDL oxidation, but the serum from rats 2 hrs, 3 hrs after LGL 0.12 g/kg administering twice or from rats after 10 successive days LGL administering in dose of 0.12 g/kg, 0.24 g/kg and 0.72 g/kg, all could lower the LDL oxidation (P < 0.05). Besides, the serum from rats with 10 days LGL administering of all dosages also could inhibit AdM-E induced by AGE (P < 0.05), and those of 0.24 g/kg and 0.72 g/kg could inhibit AdM-E induced by oxydative LDL (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLGL could decrease LDL oxidation and AdM-E induced by AGE or oxydative LDL.

Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Female ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Male ; Monocytes ; cytology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reishi ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

AIM: To discuss the protective effects and possible mechanisms of 17β-estradiol on human retinal pigment epithelial ( RPE) cells induced by high glucose. ·METHODS: RPE cells were cultured and divided into four groups according to randomized controlled method:blank control group:the cells were treated with 5. 5mmol/L routine glucose medium for processing; high glucose group: cells were treated with 100mmol/L glucose for 12h;17β-estradiol low concentration group: after treated with 10 μmol/L 17β-estradiol, cells were treated with 100mmol/L glucose for 12h; 17β-estradiol high concentration group: after treated with 100 μmol/L 17β-estradiol, cells were treated with 100mmol/L glucose for 12h. Cell viability were tested by MTT colorimetric detection. Cells apoptosis were detected by Hochest33258 staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species( ROS) level were detected by H2 DCFDA staining. Expression of CAT, SOD and MDA were tested by colorimetric detection. · RESULTS: RPE cell activity decreased with the concentration of glucose increased; 17β-estradiol inhibited high glucose-induced cell viability decrease in RPE cells, decreased the apoptosis rate of RPE cells and intracellular ROS generation; besides, 17β-estradiol significantly increased the expression of CAT, SOD and decreased the expression of MDA in RPE cells. ·CONCLUSION: The 17β-estradiol effectively inhibited high glucose -induced RPE cells damage, which provide reliable experimental basis for the treatment of injuries in RPE cells.

To investigate the antitumor activities of the immunoconjugates composed of anti-type IV collagenase monoclonal antibody Fab' fragment and lidamycin (LDM) prepared with different linkers. The immunoconjugates were prepared by linking Fab' to lysine-69 of LDM apoprotein by SPDP, LCSPDP, SMBS or SSMPB as the intermediate drug linkers. Immunoreactivities of the conjugates were determined by ELISA. The cytotoxicities of the conjugates were examined by clonogenic assay. In vivo antitumor effects of the conjugates were evaluated in nude mice bearing subcutaneously implanted HT-1080 tumor. ELISA assay showed that the conjugates retained part of the immunoreactivity of 3G11 against the antigen. The cytotoxicities of the Fab'-SMBS-LDM and Fab'-SSMPB-LDM to HT-1080 cells were significantly potent, compared with Fab'-SPDP-LDM, Fab'-LCSPDP-LDM and free LDM. In animal models at the same condition, free LDM, Fab'-SPDP-LDM and Fab'-LCSPDP-LDM inhibited the growth of HT-1080 tumor by 70.9%, 74.8% and 72.3%, while Fab'-SMBS-LDM and Fab'-SSMPB-LDM reached 78.0% and 87.7%, respectively. The median survival time of the mice treated with free LDM, Fab'-SPDP-LDM and Fab'-LCSPDP-LDM were prolonged by 71.9%, 82.2% and 107.5%, respectively, compared with that of untreated group. Whereas, the median survival time of Fab'-SMBS-LDM and Fab'-SSMPB-LDM were prolonged by 145.2% and 165.8%, respectively, indicating that Fab'-SSMPB-LDM was more effective than Fab'-SMBS-LDM in tumor suppression and life span prolongation. Fab'-SSMPB-LDM has more marked selective antitumor efficacy and lower toxicity, and might be a novel candidate for cancer therapy.
Aminoglycosides ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Collagenases ; immunology ; Enediynes ; pharmacology ; Fibrosarcoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunoconjugates ; pharmacology ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; immunology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

The aim was to study the roles of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and telomerase activity in drug resistance of human leukemia and ovarian carcinoma cells. Flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis rate. Telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) and bioluminescence analysis method were used for detection of telomerase activity. The phosphorylated ERK(1/2) protein expression was observed by Western blot method. The results showed that the specific inhibitor PD98059 of ERK kinase 1 (MEK(1)) enhanced the sensitivity of HL-60/E6 leukemia cell lines to harringtonine (HRT) or COC1/DDP ovarian carcinoma cell lines to cis-dichlorodiamine platinum (DDP). Both PD98059 and chemotherapy drugs HRT and DDP reduced the phosphorylated ERK(1) and ERK(2) protein expression level, and down-regulated the telomerase activity. The sole action of each was inferior to the combination action of PD98059 and HRT or DDP. In conclusion, ERK and telomerase serve a function to some extent in drug resistance of leukemia and ovarian carcinoma cells. The inhibition of ERK signal transduction pathways led to reduction of phosphorylated ERK(1) and ERK(2) protein expression level, and successionally down-regulated the telomerase activity. The final result was to enhance the sensitivity of HL-60/E6 to HRT or COC1/DDP to DDP.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Telomerase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo analyze CD21 expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to explore its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

METHODSThe clinical data from 80 DLBCL patients who were treated in First Hospital of Jilin University from June 2005 to September 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were subjected to immunohistochemical staining (SP method) for Ki-67, CD20, CD79a, CD3, CD43, CD5, cyclin D1, bcl-2, CD10, bcl-6, GCET-1, FOXP-1 and MUM-1 protein expression in the tumor tissue. Immunohistochemistry was also used to detect CD21 expression in the tumor tissue. SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze the relationship between CD21 expression and various clinical factors, and the relationship between various clinical factors including CD21 and overall survival.

RESULTSIn the patients aged under 60 years, the incidence of CD21(+) lymphoma (64.0%, 16/25) was significantly higher than that of CD21(-) lymphoma (38.2%, 21/55). There were more CD21(+) lymphoma patients who were at clinical stages I-II (52.0%, 13/25) than patients with CD21(-)lymphomas (23.6%, 13/55). There were also more CD21(+) lymphoma patients (68.0%, 17/25) having less than two extranodal sites involvement than CD21(-)lymphoma patients (41.8%, 23/55). In addition, there were more CD21(+) lymphoma patients with IPI 0-2 (68.0%, 17/25) than CD21(-)lymphoma patients (41.8%, 23/55). There were more CD21(+) lymphoma patients with GCB subtype (60.0%, 15/25) than CD21(-)lymphoma patients (23.6%, 13/55). Death related to DLBCL was less in CD21(+) lymphoma patients (32.0%, 8/25) than CD21(-) lymphoma patients (56.4%, 31/55). Univariate analysis showed that these clinical pathological characteristics affected the overall survival of DLBCL patients, including age, ECOG score, LDH, extranodal involvement, IPI index, CD21 expression, treatment option and efficacy (P < 0.05) . Cox multivariate analysis showed that ECOG score, LDH, extranodal involvement, CD21 expression were closely related to prognosis, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the 80 patients, the overall survival (OS) of CD21(+) lymphoma patients was significantly higher than that of CD21(-) lymphoma patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of CD21 is associated with young age at onset, early clinical stage, small number of involvement and low IPI index. The OS and median overall survival of CD21(+) lymphoma patients are significantly higher than those of CD21(-) patients. CD21 expression, ECOG score, LDH, extranodal involvement are independent prognostic factors in DLBCL, and in particular, the expression of CD21 is more significant in the prognosis of DLBCL patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Germinal Center ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the gene expression profiles of transcription factor-related genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues and normal nasopharyngeal tissues using a cDNA microarray membrane for exploring the regulatory mechanism of differential gene express in NPC tissues.

METHODSThe total RNAs from 24 NPC tissues and 24 pooled normal nasopharyngeal tissues were reverse transcribed and labeled with alpha-(32)P-dCTP. The resultant cDNAs were hybridized to GF211 microarray, and the signals were analyzed by Pathway 4.0 software. RT-PCR was carried out to confirm the results.

RESULTSAmong the 1625 differentially expressed genes detected in NPC and nasopharyngeal tissues, 35 transcription factor-related genes were identified with either up- or down-regulation.

CONCLUSIONThese differentially expressed transcription factor-related genes in NPC tissues might play a role in the regulation of NPC-related gene expression.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; E2F1 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured