100 patients with gas gangrene were not found out serious infections. The mission was successful completed. CONCLUSIONS By use of PDCA cycle,the process of the wounded for treatment of nosocomial infection prevention and control of is guaranteed.

Objective The gastrointestinal tract of neonate becomes colonized with microorganisms from environment and mother immediately after birth. Strong evidences suggested that early composition of the microflora in neonates play an important role for postnatal development of the immune system. This study was designed to investigate the effect of mode of delivery on the development of gut microflora and characteristics of the stool in breast-fed infants by molecular biology methods. Methods Sixty healthy breast-fed term infants were enrolled in the study(including vaginal delivery group and cesarean section delivery group,each group included 30 infants). Anthropometric measurements and stool study were done at 6-week,8-week,10-week,and 12-week. Fecal samples were subjected to quantitative fluorescence real-time polymerse chain reaction assays for the enumeration of lactobacili,bifidobacteria,and subtype of bifidobacteria(bifidobacterium longum and bifidobacterium breve). Results The numbers of lactobacilli and bifidobacterium longum species were less in cesarean delivery group than those in vaginal delivery group(P ＜ 0.05). Stool mean pH was lower in vaginal delivery group than that in cesarean section delivery group(P ＜ 0.05). There were no differences in stool characteristics and growth between two groups. Conclusions Cesarean section is associated with the decrease of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in breast-fed term infants.

Objective To study the differences in clinical characteristics and etiology in bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia,and provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective study was performed on 100 children with lobar pneumonia and 200 children with bronchopneumonia from Dec.2005 to Dec.2007.Antibodies of mycoplasma(MP) and chlamydia(CP) were detected with quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay of serum samples which were collected on addmission.On the second day morning,axenic sputum samples of laryngeapharyngis at pars were collected with onetime asepsis aspiration sputum tube by negative pressure for bacterial culture,and the common seven viruses were detected with direct immunofluorescence,and MP DNA,CP DNA were detected.The results and the clinical data and the characters of sternum were analyzed.Results Lobar pneumonia was more in the elder children,and the features were fever and cough in clinic,absence in physical sign of bellow,and inflammation of one pulmonary lobe in X-ray.Sixty-one percent of childhood lobar pneumonia had MP infection in laboratory examination.But bronchopneumonia was found more in infants and young children,whose features were cough,dyspnea and catarrhus in clinics,wheezy phlegm and stridor in physical sign of bellow,pulmonic shadow of spot and lamellar in X-ray.Bacteria were the most common pathogen in bronchopneumonia.Conclusions Lobar pneumonia was different from bronchopneumonia in age and clinic features and sternum characters of patients,and much more different in etiology.Bacterial infection was important in bronchopneumonia.But in lobar pneumonia,MP infection occupied 61.0%,which was different from traditionaletiology.Moreover,the MP infection rate in infant and young children tend to increase obviously.

The tools used for the literature quality evaluation are introduced. The common evaluation tools that are publicly and extensively used for the evaluation of clinical trial literature quality in the world are analyzed, including Jadad scale, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement and Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system and the others. Additionally, the present development, updates and applications of these tools are involved in analysis.
Biomedical Research ; standards ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Publications ; standards ; Quality Control

A 22 years old male was hospitalized with 1 month history of endaural foreign body retention at 7th May, 2011. Patient complained an invicible bug was placed into right outer ear canal. The foreign body could not be taken out because of the intoleration to pain under the local anesthesia, and major symptoms were swell-sore, fullness, and obvious hearing loss. Physical examination showed congestion and swelling in right ear canal, and only 3mm diameter for the stenosis ear canal. The incrustation make the invicible foreign body and the tympanic membrane. CT showed the foreign body retention near tympanic membrane left ear was normal. After hospitalization, the patient received an exploratory operation under the general anesthesia. The foreign body incarceration was found near the tympanic ring which in the tympanic cavity.
Ear, Middle ; Foreign Bodies ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To study the clinical and pathological influence of high uric acid on idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) Methods A retrospective study with 314 patients diagnosed with IMN from January 2014 to June 2016 was conducted and the clinical pathological influence of high uric acid on IMN was analyzed.Results (1) Of the total,the prevalence of hyperuricaemia patients was 23.2％ (73 cases);(2) The difference of age,course of the disease,blood pressure and symptoms between hyperuricaemia IMN patients and IMN patients with normal uric acid was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);(3) Laboratory test indexes such as blood lipid and renal function between hyperuricaemia IMN patients and IMN patients with normal uric acid indicated statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05);(4) The pathological damage was aggravated in hyperuricaemia IMN patients (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion High uric acid can enhance the clinical and pathological damage of IMN,and comprehensive and effective treatments should be conducted to delay the development of disease.

Objective To investigate environmental risk factors associated with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods A retrospective study was carried out from Feb 2005 to Apr 2006.A total of 108 cases with PCOS and 108 patients without PCOS(control group)were interviewed using a designed questionnaire.Results Univariate analysis of environmental factors indicated that risk factors related to PCOS were:occupation,education,disposable plastic cup for drinking,cooking oil fume and indoor decoration,all of which were significantly related to PCOS(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the preparation of the ligustrazine hydrochloride liposome and evaluate its quality.METHODS:The liposome was prepared by various methods on a trial basis.The entrapped efficiency(EE)of the liposome derived from passive loading and active loading was compared.RESULTS:The ammonim sulfate gradient technology had the highest EE of 48.63%and its mean size was 6.5?m and the pH was 5.93.It was stable in refrigeratory(4℃～10℃)storage for 30 days.CONCLUSION:The ammonim sulfate gradient technology of preparation of the ligustrazine hydrochloride liposome is feasible.

Objective To investigate the influence of total progressively motile sperm count(TPMSC) after treatment on clinical outcomes of intrauterine insemination(IUI) with the husband′s sperm in ovulation-promoting cycles.Methods The clinical data in 4179 cases undergoing IUI with the husband′s sperm in ovulation-promoting cycles were retrospectively analyzed.The correlation between clinical pregnancy rate and TPMSC was analyzed.Results Among all the clinical data,TPMSC was to 100×106 in occasional live sperm.TPMSC<0.15×106 was in 15 cases,1 case had pregnancy (live sperm was occasionally seen on IUI day after sperm processing).Ten cases of TPMSC >60×106 had no pregnancy.A total of 4 154 cases of TPMSC (0.15-60.00)×106 were analyzed.The female age,duration of infertility,number of follicles and endometrial thickness(EDM) had no statistical differences among various groups.The clinical pregnancy rate was 13.5%(576/4 154),the group with the highest clinical pregnancy rate was (5.00-<10.00)×106.But there was no statistically significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate among groups(P=0.133).Conclusion Performing IUI in PMSC (0.15-60.00)×106 after processing can get preferable pregnancy rates.

Objective To investigate the effects of different intensity of wide band noise on acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude in sound field. Methods Acoustical reflex amplitude(at ART+10 dB)were obtained at three fre-quencies (1,2, 4 kHz) from 80 normally hearing subjects with wide band noise at 30,40,50 and 60 dB SL in sound field. Results Acoustical reflex amplitude was significantly decreased in the presence of wide band noise (P 0. 01). The most significant decrease of acoustic reflex amplitude could be observed in the present of 40 dB SL wide band noise. In comparison with the 1 kHz group, significant decrease was found in 2 kHz group and 4 kHz group(P <0. 01),but there was no difference between the 2 kHz group and 4 kHz group(P>0.05). Conclusion Since the decrease of the acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude is mediated by the auditory efferent system in sound field, in clini-cal practice the function of the auditory efferents can be evaluated by testing the change of acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude with the stimulation of the wide band noise in sound field.