Acute Disease ; Humans ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; microbiology ; virology

Many specific therapeutic antibody drugs have been developed for different indications. In drug development, it has been found that the antibody isotype framework can not only affect the physical and chemical properties of therapeutic antibodies, but also influence the activity and therapeutic effect. As a result, IgG isotype selection should be considered carefully in antibody drug development strategies. Because of the unique biological characteristics, IgG4 isotype has been used in some therapeutic antibodies for which effector functions are not desired. In order to provide new ideas for the development of antibody drugs, the research and application progress of IgG4 isotype in therapeutic antibody drug development has been reviewed.
Drug Design ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Many specific therapeutic antibody drugs have been developed for different indications. In drug development, it has been found that the antibody isotype framework can not only affect the physical and chemical properties of therapeutic antibodies, but also influence the activity and therapeutic effect. As a result, IgG isotype selection should be considered carefully in antibody drug development strategies. Because of the unique biological characteristics, IgG4 isotype has been used in some therapeutic antibodies for which effector functions are not desired. In order to provide new ideas for the development of antibody drugs, the research and application progress of IgG4 isotype in therapeutic antibody drug development has been reviewed.

Objective To understand the clinical and pathological features of hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis(HBV-GN).Methods Twenty children with HBV-GN were analysed including 17 cases of nephritic syndrome (4 cases of simple nephrosis, 13 cases of nephritic nephrosis),2 cases of isolated proteinuria, 1 case of nephritic syndrome according to the clinical classification.Results On the basis of pathology of kidney biopsy, there were 15 cases of membranous glomerulonephritis(MN),3 cases of manbranoproliferative glomerulonephritis(MPGN),2 cases of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN).Eight of 20 cases were treated with recombinated human alpha-interfeon. The average follow-up time was 5.7 years. As the result, complete remission clinically was on 5 cases,partial remission on 2 cases and ineffectiveness on one case. Besides, serum HBsAg, HBeAg were converted to negative on 3 cases , HBeAg disappeared and anti-HBe appeared on one case.Conclusion MN is common in childhood with HBV-GN.It also indicates the prognosis of the associated nephropathies is quite favorable.

Bacteremia ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Pseudomonas Infections ; pathology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Objective To explore the possible risk factors associated with postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma,and to formulate the appropriate preventive strategies according to the results of the study.Methods From January 2014 to April 2015,182 elderly patients with lung carcinoma who were undergoing surgical treatment in Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University were collected.All patients were divided into infection group (n =29) and control group (n =153) according to whether occuring postoperative lower respiratory infections or not.The possible risk factors associated with postoperative lower respiratory infections were analyzed by single factor analysis and multivariable Logistic regression model.Results Single factor analysis showed that the postoperative lower respiratory infections of elderly patients with lung carcinoma were associated with age (t =-3.03,P ＜ 0.05),smoking (x2 =5.69,P =0.02),albumin (t =2.40,P =0.02),forced expiratory volume (FEV) 1.0％ (t =5.85,P ＜ 0.05),lung carcinoma stage (x2 =7.06,P =0.01),small cell lung cancer (x2 =5.09,P =0.02),complication with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (x2 =16.28,P ＜0.01) and complication with coronary heart disease (x2 =10.13,P ＜ 0.01).Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR =1.34,95％CI:1.13-1.59,x2 =11.17,P＜0.01),smoking (OR=12.68,95％ CI:2.06-78.04,x2 =7.50,P=0.01),FEV1.0％ (OR =0.90,95％ CI:0.83-0.97,x2 =7.76,P =0.01),squamous-cell carcinoma (OR =6.88,95％ CI:1.41-33.56,x2 =5.70,P =0.02),complication with COPD (OR =12.44,95％ CI:1.41-109.90,x2 =5.15,P =0.02) and complication with coronary heart disease (OR =10.61,95％ CI:2.25-90.50,x2 =7.18,P =0.01) were independent risk factors for postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma.Conclusion Age,smoking,squamous-cell carcinoma,low value of FEV1.0％,complication with COPD or coronary heart disease can increase the risk of postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma.Comprehensive and effective preventive strategies should be performed to reduce the risk of postoperative respiratory infections.

0.05).In the elderly group,every complication rates of LR were lower than those of OR(P

Cold-stimulus headache is a primary headache syndrome which is provoked by an external application or ingestion or inhalation of cold stimulus. It has not been reported to occur secondary to another focal structural brain lesion, or as a reversible illness. This is a report of two women who developed cold-stimulus headache on taking ice cold food after the onset of thalamic hemorrhage. The headache was typical of cold-stimulus headache except a relatively long duration of pain lasting half an hour. There was spontaneous remission after a few months. Our patients suggest that cold-stimulus headache can be secondary to thalamic hemorrhage..

OBJECTIVE To offer better cleaning and less rusted medical instrument,prevent hand injuries,and the incidence of nosocomial infection among healthcare professionals.METHODS Two methods were used in two operating rooms for comparison.A multi-enzyme rinse liquid,the Ruhof rinse liquid was used in the test group.The traditional method was used in the control group.The cleaning level of these two groups were observed.RESULTS The group using Ruhof rinse liquid was much cleaner than the group without using it(P