Objective To use detergents and nucleic acid enzyme to prepare scaffold of extracellular ma-trix , then assess the morphological and cytotoxic changes in vitro , and explore the feasibility of this type of scaffold as an ideal tissue-engineering scaffold. Methods Fifty pieces of fresh nucleus pulposus were randomly divided into a fresh control group and a decellularized group. The specimens in decellularized group were treated with 0.3%Tri-ton X-100, 0.5%sodium deoxycholate, and nuclease for 24 h. Morphological changes were studied by macroscopy, pathological staining and scanning electron microscopy. Cytotoxicity was determined by CCK-8 and LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Assay Kit in vitro. Results The shape of scaffold was maintained,and the extracellular ma-trix was presented while the cells disappeared after decellularization. As compared with the fresh tissue , the scaffold and its extracts had no cytotoxicity to rabbit bone marrow stem cells. Conclusions Almost all the cells have been removed while the extracellular matrix is reserved , and the scaffold has no cytotoxicity to the seed cells. The decel-lularized scaffold can be used as an ideal substance to fabricate tissue-engineering nucleus pulposus.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; Aged ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thromboplastin ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:Central pancreatectomy is a surgical treatment for tumors at the neck or the middle part of the pancreas, which can reserve more normal pancreas, not cut adjacent organs, and reduce the incidence of postoperative internal and external pancreatic secretion deficiency with respect to the expanded proximal and distal pancreatectomy. OBJECTIVE: To systematicaly evaluate the clinical efficacy of the central pancreatectomy and distal pancreatectomy. METHODS: A computer-based search of Chinese and English databases was performed, and then 15 controled clinical trials were included and systematicaly evaluated using RevMa5.2 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totaly 1 079 cases were included in this study, which consisted of 436 central pancreatectomy cases and 643 distal pancreatectomy cases. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the distal pancreatectomy group, the incidences of postoperative pancreatic fistula and complications were significantly higher, the risk of postoperative endocrine and exocrine insufficiency were significantly lower, while the surgical time (SMD: 59.23, 95%CI: 22.41-96.05, P < 0.01) and hospital stays (SMD: 7.01, 95%CI: 1.94-12.09,P< 0.01) were longer in the central pancreatectomy group. These findings indicate that although the central pancreatectomy has a high postoperative complication incidence, it can be accepted clinicaly, which may be a reasonable operation method to preserve pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of gentamicin solution in transurethral ureteroscopic lithotripsy to prevent postop- erative infection.Methods Prospective clinical randomized control study was conducted.From July 2003 to June 2006,116 ca- ses of ureteral stones at high risk of postoperative infection were randomized into control group or gentamicin group.Patients in gentamicin group received gentamicin solution for washing in the operation.All the patients undergoing operation were followed up for 2 weeks after operation.Diagnosis of postoperative infection was based on clinical manifestations.Results A total of 109 patients received operation in all the 116 cases,including 58 cases in gentamicin group and 51 cases in control group.Thirteen cases of postoperative infection were identified in all the patients receiving operation (11.93%),3 cases in gentamicin group and 10 in control group.The incidence of postoperative infection was significantly different between the two groups (X~2= 5.3342,P=0.0209).Eight cases had positive bacterial culture.Of the microbiological isolates,2 were gram-positive bacteria, 5 gram-negative bacteria and 1 Candida albicans.Conclusions The most common pathogen causing postoperative infection after transurethral ureteroscopic lithotripsy is gram-negative bacteria.The use of gentamicin solution for washing in the operation can reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of posterior indirect reduction and internal fixation and laminectomy in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture complicated with spinal cord injury.Methods Eighty patients with thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture and spinal cord injury treated in our hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were selected as the objects,and they were divided into reset group and laminectomy group with forty cases in each group according to surgical method.All the patients were followed up for 1 year,the lumbar function of two groups at 1 week and 1 year after operation were observed respectively,and the pain degree was observed in 1month,3 months and 6 months after operation.The amount of bleeding,operation time,hospitalization time and fracture healing time were observed.Neurological function was assessed by classification criteria of the American Spinal Cord Injury Association(ASIA),and incidence of complications was figured in the two groups.Results The anterior heights of the injured vertebra were higher than those before the operation,and the Cobb's angles were lower than those before the operation,the differences were significant(P ＜ 0.05);while there was no significant differences in the anterior heights of the injured vertebra between the two groups at 1 week and 1 year after operation(P ＞ 0.05).VAS scores of the two groups after 1 month,3 months and 6 months decreased significantly when compared with the preoperative scores(P ＜ 0.05),and VAS scores of each time in the reset group were significantly lower than those in the laminectomy group(P ＜ 0.05).The amount of bleeding,operation time,hospitalization time and fracture healing time in the reset group were less than those in the laminectomy group (P ＜ 0.05).The neurological function recovery of the two groups were significantly improved when compared with that before the operation(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in recovery of neurological function between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05).The complication rate was 7.50％ in the reset group,lower than 12.50％ of the laminectomy group,the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Posterior indirect reduction and internal fixation of lamina both have a certain effect in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture complicated with spinal cord injury.But posterior indirect reduction has less complications and less amount of bleeding,which is beneficial to postoperative recovery.

Animals ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Reverse Genetics ; methods

Objective To construct tissue engineering nucleus pulposus by culture of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs)-nucleus pulposus acellular matrix scaffold (NPAMS)complexes (rBMSCs-NPAMS).Methods Several NPAMS were prepared,and rBMSCs was seeded into NPAMS.The scaffolds and complex were detected by general observation,HE stai-ning,immunohistochemical,qRT-PCR,scanning electron microscopy.Results The scanning electron microscopy showed the seed cell in nucleus pulposus ECM-derived scaffold could adhesion and growth.The cell attachment and proliferation were observed by HE staining.Immunohistochemical examination with typeⅡ collagen showed positive results.qRT-PCR revealed the time-depend-ent of the mRNA expression of collagen Ⅱ,and which was smaller than positive control(P<0.01).The relative expression of Ag-grecan mRNA grew in a time dependent fashion,which was still lower than positive control(P<0.01).Scaffolds and normal nucle-us pulposus had no statistical significance of the compression load under the same displacement of the compression(P>0.05).Con-clusion Natural nucleus pulposus acellular matrix scaffold composite allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be suc-cessfully built into tissue engineering nucleus pulposus.

Guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) is an interferon induced protein, that belongs to the guany late-binding protein family. GBP1 is widely involved in anti-infection immune responses, anti-tumor activity and various biological reactions. Recent studies have proved that IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, IL1alpha, IL1beta, TNF-alpha and LPS can induce GBP1 expression; hence, the diverse biological functions of GBP1 have been gradually deduced and exploited. Many studies have been performed over recent years to understand the exact mechanisms that underlie the anti-infection and anti-tumor properties of GBP1. This review describes the molecular structure, biological activity, anti-infective properties and other functions of GBP1, in order to provide insights into the divergent roles of GBP1 in the regulation of various biological processes.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferons ; genetics ; metabolism

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) belong to pattern recognition receptors, which perform significant roles in antiviral responses. RLRs can initiate a cascade of signaling transduction that induces the production of type I interferon and activates the interferon signaling pathway, ultimately resulting in antiviral responses. In the course of evolution, viruses have been constantly counteracting host immune systems to facilitate their own survival and replication, and have developed a set of antagonistic strategies. These mainly comprise elusion, disguise and attack strategies to eliminate the activation of RLRs. In virus-infected cells, RLRs recognize viral RNA and then induce antiviral responses. A better understanding of viral antagonistic strategies against RLRs will provide insights into the development of new antiviral medicines. This mini-review concludes that there are three main antagonistic strategies by which RNA viruses can counteract the activation of the RLRs pathway. It aims to provide references and insights for similar studies on viral antagonism in an array of RNA viruses.
DEAD Box Protein 58 ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; genetics ; immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; RNA Viruses ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; genetics ; immunology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Virus Diseases ; genetics ; immunology ; virology

In order to study the regularity of shedding virus from infected SPF chickens and the formation of aerosol of H9N2 subtype AIV, SPF chickens were bred in a positive and negative pressure isolator. Aerosol samples were collected by AGI-30 (All Glass Impinger-30) extractor, and simultaneously trachea and cloaca samples were collected by tracheal swabs and cloacal swabs in different periods after challenged with vi- ruses. The above-mentioned samples were detected by HI, Dot-ELISA and RT-PCR methods. The results in- dicated that aerosols were isolated from the 4 days to the 43 days after inoculation. It was proved that H9N2 subtype AIV could copy themselves in respiratory passage and cloaca, and then could formation of aerosols. AIV H9N2 subtype could be isolated from cloacal and tracheal swabs 3 days after inoculation and lasted for 45 days, viruses were detected from all infected SPF chickens on 7 days.