Objective To investigate the relationship between the resting heart rate (RHR) and target organ damage (TOD) in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome(MS). Methods 264 elderly patients with MS were divided into four groups according to the level of RHR: RHR1 group, RHR<65 beats/minute (bpm) (46 cases) ;RHR2 group, 65≤RHR<75 bpm (77 cases);RHR3 group, 75 bpm≤RHR<85 bpm (89 cases);RHR4 group, RHR≥85 bpm (52 cases).Electrocardiography, echocardiography, carotid uhrasonography, crcatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and quantitative assay of 24 hours' albuminuria were performed. Results (1) Compared with RHR1, RHR2 and RHR3 groups, RHR4 group showed higher levels of carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT), carotid arterial diameter (CAD), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and albuminuria(P< 0.05 or P<0.01), and lower levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and Ccr (all P< 0.01). (2) The IMT, CAD, LVMI and albuminuria were positively correlated with RHR (r=0.33, 0.23, 0.61, 0.58, respectively, all P<0.01). However, the LVEF and Ccr were negatively correlated with RHR (r=-0.59, -0.51, all P<0.01). (3) Logistic multivariate analysis showed that RHR and pulse pressure (PP) had effects on myocardial hypertrophy, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral stroke and renal dysfunction(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Except heart failure, PP played a more important role than RHR. Coneinsions RHR may be an independent risk factors for TOD in elderly patients with MS,and RHR regulation is important for the development of MS in the elderly.

Objective To observe the curative effect of cervicogenic headache(CEH)treatment through the combination of pulse radio frequency(PRF)on the C2 dorsal rootganglion and continuous epidural space block.Methods Sixty patients with CEH in our hospital were randomly divided into groups A and B,30 cases in each group.The group A was treated with combination of PRF on cervical dorsal root ganglion and continuous epidural space block.The group B was treated with PRF on cervical dorsal root ganglion method.The pain VAS scores before treatment and at 1 week,3,6 months after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with pretreatment,the VSA scores at 1 week,3,6 wonths after treatment in the two groups had statistical difference(P＜0.05),moreover,the VAS score decrease in the group A was better than the group B.All the patients had no nerve and artery injury or infection complications.Conclusion It is safe and effective to treat cervical CEH through the combination of ganglion PRF on the cervical 2 dorsal root and continuous epidural space block.

Objective:To implement the external quality assessment ( EQA) of clozapine for therapeutic drug monitoring ( TDM) among psychiatric hospitals in Guangdong. Methods:The parameters of HPLC used by the hospitals were understood through question-naires. The EQA of clozapine for TDM was implemented by distributing the quality control serum. Results:The qualified rate of cloza-pine in the quality control serum at low, medium and high concentrations for TDM was 66. 67%, 66. 67% and 83. 33%, respectively. Conclusion:It is necessary to implement EQA of clozapine for TDM in Guangdong.

Background and purpose:Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), a member of epidermal growth factor receptor family, initiates a diverse set of signaling pathways that ultimately affect such fun-damental processes as cell proliferation, cell motility and cell apoptosis. It is reported that HER-2 was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. However, the mechanism needs further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of HER-2 on regulating EMT process.Methods:Transwell assay was used to determine the motility of breast cancer cells; Real-time lfuorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-FQ-PCR) was employed to determine the expression of genes of interest, and reactive oxygen species production was measured by reactive oxygen species detection kit.Results:HER-2 overexpression in breast cancer cells could promote cell migration and invasion. Mechanistic study showed that HER-2 overexpression could upregulate ZEB1 expression. ZEB1 silencing by siRNA reduced cell motility of HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species produced in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells were less than those produced in corresponding control cells.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that HER-2 overexpression endowed breast cancer cells with EMT related properties by upregulating ZEB1 expression. ZEB1 could be a candidate target for further study of the relation-ship between HER-2 and EMT.

Objective To detect the expression of SALL4 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and analyze its potential clinical significance. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (FQ-RT-PCR) was used to examine SALLA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 68 cases of AML including 36 cases in acute phase and 32 cases in remission phase, 30 healthy controls, Kasumi-1 cells and THP-1 cells. Then, flow cytometry, bone marrow smear and automated hematology analyzer were used to analyze the relationship between the SALL4 expression and blast cell counts in the bone marrow, peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts, peripheral large unstained cell (LUC), CD34 in blast cells. Further, the change of SALL4 level during pre-chemotherapy, chemotherapy (2nd w to 3rd w) and remission were investigated in 5 AML cases. Results The level of SALL4 expression in patients with AML in acute phase [69.01 (17.20-120.28)] was 26-fold and 61-fold high compared with that in remission phase [2.64(1.35-5.41)] and in healthy control [1.14(0.50-1.62)] (Z=-6.48,-6.83,P<0.01). The level of SALL4 expression in remission phase was 2.3-fold high compared with that in healthy control (Z=-3.61 ,P<0.01). The expression level of SALL4 was decreased along with efficient chemotherapy in 5 AML cases in which SALL4 expression level was 79.74 (33.76-89.09), 7.19 (5.97-20.21) and 3.40 (1.44-15.53) during pre-chemotherapy, chemotherapy (2nd w to 3rd w) and remission, respectively. In groups of abnormal increased counts of blast cell, peripheral LUC% and CD34%, expression of SALL4 [33.82 (16.00-144.01), 30.70(23.75-72.50) and 56.25(23.79-153.81), respectively] were higher than that in groups of normal counts [2.74 (1.59-5.13), 5.71 (2.52-22.40) and 20.82 (14.03-55.12), respectively ] (Z=-4.64,-2.18,-3.66,P<0.01 or P<0.05). The expression of SALL4 in the group of increased WBC counts [89.26(23.75-154.34)] was higher than that in the group of normal WBC counts [3.86(2.03-6.01)] and the group of decreased WBC counts [6.66(2.51-17.06)] (Z=-4.91,-4.21,P<0.01). The level of SALL4 expression was positively correlated with blast cell counts in bone marrow and peripheral WBC counts (r=0.45,0.40,P<0.01). Conclusions FQ-RT-PCR method can be used successfully to detect the expression of SALL4,and the expression of SALLA may be useful to predict disease progression of AML.

Class Ⅱa bacteriocins can be considered as the major subgroup of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, not only because of their large number, but also because of their activities and potential applications. They have first attracted particular attention as listericidal compounds and are now believed to be the next in line if more bacteriocins are to be approved in the future. The present review attempts to provide an insight into general knowledge available for class Ⅱa bacteriocins and discuss common features and recent findings concerning these substances.

Objective To clarify the protective effect of nrsodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA ) on endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in pancreatic β-cell of streptozotocin ( STZ )-induced diabetic rats.Methods Rats( n =40) received a single injection STZ( 50 mg/kg) intra-peritoneally and formed a β-cell injury model.Weight-matched normal rats( the control group,n =10 ) were injected with the buffer alone.STZ-treated rats with persistent random blood glucose higher than 16.7 mmol/L for 1 week were considered as diabetic status( n=14 ),then divided randomly into STZ-induced diabetes mellitus ( DM ) group ( n =7 ) and UDCA-treated DM group ( n =7 ).UDCA (40 mg· kg- 1,d-1 ) was administered daily by intragastric intubations throughout the experimental period (30 d).During the entire experiment,blood glucose in all rats was assessed.By the end of the experiment,all rats were sacrificed with the pancreas removed and the blood sample collected immediately.Fasting insulin levels were assayed by radioimmunoassay.The morphological changes of pancreatic β-cells apoptosis were determined by TUNEL assay.RNA in pancreas was abstracted and microarray containing 89 pieces of apoptosis related genes was applied.The related gene expressions were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results The concentration of blood glucose in diabetic rats was gradually decreased after UDCA treatment,but at the end of the experiment it was still higher than that in the normal control group.The treatment with UDCA raised the fasting insulin level in diabetic rats,but this concentration was significantly lower as compared to the control group.Based on TUNEL stained tissue sections,the percentage of β-cell apoptosis of UDCA-treated DM group was significantly lower than that of STZ-induced diabetic group(P＜0.05 ).Among 89 genes,42 genes up-regulated and 46 genes down-regulated in diabetic rats,some of which were ameliorated by UDCA treatment.The expressions of Caspase-3,Bax,Bip,and CHOP mRNA in pancreas of DM group were significantly up-regulated as compared with those in the control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was markedly down-regulated (P＜0.05 ).However,these parameters in the U DCA-treated animals showed a marked improvement.Conclusion Ursodeoxycholic acid seems to protect pancreatic β-cell from apoptosis in STZ-induced diabetes by attenuating the severity of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of lumbopelvic fixation of vertically unstable Tile type C pelvic fractures combined with complex sacral fractures.Methods A prospective study was made on 21 cases of vertically unstable type C pelvic fractures combined with complex sacral fractures admitted between May 2014 and December 2015.There were 10 males and 11 females, with a mean age of 35.9 years (range, 14-59 years).Tile classification of pelvic fractures was type C1 in five cases, type C2 in four and type C3 in 12.Denis classification of sacral fractures was zone I in five cases, zone Ⅱ in seven and zone Ⅲ in nine.Twelve cases had neurological deficits.Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone healing time, pelvis vertical displacement and postoperative complications were recorded.Vertical displacement and functional outcome were assessed by Matta method and Majeed score respectively.Results All cases were followed up for (12.5±5.4)months (range, 7-26 months).Operation time was (108.0±49.4) min (range, 64-225 min).Intraoperative blood loss was 150-3 000 ml[400(225-500)ml].All fractures were healed at (19.0±4.6) weeks (range, 15-32 weeks).Vertical displacement of the pelvis was (8.76±5.46)mm (2.54-21.80 mm) before operation and (4.20±3.22)mm (0-12.57 mm) after lumbopelvic fixation (P<0.05), showing the reduction distance of-4.45-17.86 mm [4.09(1.74-5.58)mm].According to the Matta method, the results were excellent in 13 cases, good in six, and fair in two, with the excellent and good rate of 90%.Majeed score evaluation at last follow-up was 51-98 points and the results were excellent in nine cases, good in nine, fair in two and poor in one, with the excellent and good rate of 86%.Deep infection occurred in two cases who were cured by debridement and antibiotics, and the internal instruments of the two cases were removed after fracture healing.Screw loosening occurred in five cases with no evidence of screw breakage.Four cases complained of foreign body sensation and discomfort in sacral area due to the prominence of the iliac hardware.Four cases had limited range of motion of the lumbar spine, especially in anterior flexion range, and lumbar range of motion was recovered in three of them after removal of the internal fixator.Conclusion Lumbopelvic fixation can restore vertical stability of the pelvis, but removal of the internal fixator is suggested after fracture healing due to the high rate of screw loosening.

Objective To study the relationship between type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy and the activity of serum super-oxide dismutase(SOD) ,and the relationship between the activity of serum SOD and gender ,age ,and blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy .Methods One hundred and twenty-five T2DM patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) and 125 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study .The pyrogallol autoxidation method were used to deter-mine the the activity of serum SOD ,and then the differences of serum SOD activity were compared between the 2 group of people . The relationship between the activity of serum SOD and gender ,age ,and blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabe-tes peripheral neuropathy were analyzed .Results The difference of the activity of serum SOD between type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy group and control group was statistically significant (t=7 .798 ,P=0 .000) .There were no differences between the ac-tivity of serum SOD and gender ,age ,and blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy .The SOD activities in 6 .1-7 .0 mmol/L and ≥7 .0 mmol/L groups were statistically significant (P=0 .034) .Conclusion The activity of serum SOD increase in T2DM patients with DPN .The activity of serum SOD is associated with blood glucose concentrations ,and might increase with elevated blood glucose .

0.05).The protein and mRNA expression of MIP-2 in high glucose group significantly increased after culture for 4 h,and guadually decreased then.The protein and mRNA expression of MCP-1 began to increase significantly after culture for 8 h,reached peak at 12 h,and slightly decreased after culture for 24 and 48 h. Conclusion High glucose promotes the protein and mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-1 from mouse peritoneal macrophages cultured in vitro,which indicates that high glucose may delay the wound healing by increasing the expression of chemokines in diabetic mice.