Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Bone Transplantation ; Humans

Bone Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Pelvic Bones

Objective To analyze the whole genome sequence and genetic characteristics of the Yunnan isolate of Coxsackievirus A8(CVA8),A8-1/YN/CHN/2019,in order to understand the prevalence and variation of CVA8.Methods The primers for CVA8 were designed,the viral RNA was extracted,the VP1 sequence was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced,and the whole genome was spliced using BioEdit 7.2.3. MEGA 7.0 software was used for the phylogenetic analysis,and Simplot 3.5.1 and RDP4 software were used for the recombination analysis.Results Strain A8-1/YN/CHN/2019 was7 396 nt long and encoded 2 188 amino acids. The homologies of nucleotide and amino acid sequences between VP1 and CVA8 prototype strain AF081299/Donovan/USA/1998 were 81. 04% and 95. 24%,respectively. Strain A8-1/YN/CHN/2019 belonged to genotype E,while the other Chinese isolates were located in genotypes D and E. Recombination analysis revealed that strain A8-1/YN/CHN/2019 recombined on segments P2 and P3 of the non-structural coding region.Conclusion Strain A8-1/YN/CHN/2019 is of genotype E and has recombination events in the non-structural regions of the P2 and P3 segments.

Liquid biopsy plays an important role in the process of precision medical treatment.Its clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases has being constantly proved.Colorectal cancer with high incidence begins subtly.The applicaiton of efficient early screening and diagnostic methods can effectively reduce the disease damage,and the implementation of precise post-operative and medication monitoring as the guidance for therapeutic strategy is helpful to improve the prognosis of patients.We should seize the opportunity to promote the transformation of research findings into the clinical application of colorectal cancer.Clinicians,technicians and regulators should face up and work together to overcome the challenges met during the process of clinical liquid biopsy.

Researchers have made remarkable progress in developing more advanced assays of liquid biopsy in recent year. More studies have demonstrated the tremendous potential of liquid biopsy biomarkers in changing cancer diagnosis and treatment scenarios. Facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges, scientists must achieve a vital milestone by transforming liquid biopsy from research experimental methods into a molecular diagnostic product with clear clinical utilization.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology is playing an increasingly important role in clinical precision medicine. Laboratory medicine professionals should pay attention to the universal applicability and particularity of LC-MS technology in quality management. The C62-A guideline issued by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) stipulates that LC-MS must meet the need of special 'additional quality assurance' -analytical run setting, which is worthwhile for reference. We need to establish a specific strategy for a set of standardized analytical run which is suitable for medical laboratories in China, aiming to ensure the accuracy of results of LC-MS tests.

Objective To establish and verify a one-step real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) method for the detection of Coxsackievirus B4(CVB4) with TaqMan probe, in order to provide a reliable method for rapid quantitative detection of CVB4. Methods According to the more conserved segment of VP1 sequence of CVB4, primers and probes were designed. The positive RNA standard was obtained by in vitro transcription and the standard curve was obtained. The TaqMan probe one-step RT-qPCR method for CVB4 was established and verified for the sensitivity, linear range, reproducibility and specificity. Sixteen clinical samples were detected by using the established method. Results The sensitivity of the method was 10~3 copies/μL. In the concentration range of 10~3-10~(10) copies/μL, the positive RNA standard showed a good linear y x R~2CV relationship with relative fluo rescence unit(RFU),and the line a requation was:=-3.742+48.651,= 0. 998. The of reproducibility verification was less than 2%. The method had no cross-reactivity with other serotypes of coxsackievirus B(CVB2, CVB3, CVB5, CVB6), enterovirus 71(EV71), Coxsackievirus A8, A10 and A12(CVA8, CVA10, CVA12), as well as echovirus 11(E11). Twelve of the 16 clinical samples were positive for CVB4. Conclusion The TaqMan one-step RT-qPCR method developed in this experiment has good sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and can be used for the detection of CVB4 clinical samples.

Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) refers to exposure of organisms, systems, organs, tissues or cells to moderate hypoxia/ischemia that is able to result in a resistance to subsequent severe hypoxia/ischemia in tissues and cells. The effects exerted by HPC are well documented. The original local in situ (LiHPC) is now broadened to remote ectopic organs-tissues (ReHPC) and extended crossly to cross pluripotential HPC(CpHPC) induced by a variety of stresses other than hypoxia/ischemia, including cancer, for example. We developed a unique animal model of repetitive autohypoxia in adult mice, and studied systematically on the effects and mechanisms of HPC on the model in our laboratory since the early 1960s. The tolerances to hypoxia and protection from injury increased significantly in this model. The adult mice behave like hypoxia-intolerant mammalian newborns and hypoxia-tolerant adult animals during their exposure to repetitive autohypoxia. The overall energy supply and demand decreased, the microorganization of the brain maintained and the spacial learning and memory ability improved but not impaired, the detrimental neurochemicals such as free radicals down-regulated and the beneficial neurochemicals such as adenosine(ADO) and antihypoxic gene(s)/factor(s) (AHGs/AHFs) up-regulated. Accordingly, we hypothesize that mechanisms for the tolerance/protective effects of HPC are fundamentally depending on energy saving and brain plasticity in particular. It is thought that these two major mechanisms are triggered by exposure to hypoxia/ischemia via oxygen sensing-transduction pathways and HIF-1 initiation cascades. We suggest that HPC is an intrinsic mechanism developed in biological evolution and is a novel potential strategy for fighting against hypoxia-ischemia and other stresses. Motivation of endogenous antihypoxic potential, activation of oxygen sensing--signal transduction systems and supplement of exogenous antihypoxic substances as well as development of HPC appliances and HPC medicines such as AHFs are encouraged based on our basic research on HPC. HPC may result in therapeutic augmentation of the endogenous cytoprotection in hypoxic-ischemic or suffering from other diseases' patients. Evolutionary consideration of HPC and clinical implications of HPC are both discussed to guide future research. The product of AHF is expected to be one of the most effective first aid medicines to rescue patients in critical condition. HPC is beginning to be used in surgery and is expected to be developed into a feasible adaptive medicine in the near future.
Animals ; Brain ; physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypoxia, Brain ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Mice ; Signal Transduction

Objective Based on the literatures published between 2005 and 2014,review the correlation between reward/loss of brain structure and neural network,and its relationship with physical and mental ailments,aim to reveal the neural structure and network of behavioral decision mechanism.Methods By retrieving literatures on PubMed,ScienceDirect,CNKI and Wanfang database in September 2014,we used decision making,reward,loss aversion and so on as the key words.Results Totally 40 papers were enrolled,the result reviewed the clinic meaning and the brain structure and neural network of the reward/loss process in decision making.Conclusion Most studies found the reward/loss decision making mechanism of the brain structure and the physical and mental ailments caused by the two systems imbalance,but related to the precise decision making neural mechanism has yet to be studied further.

Objective To explore a new electrodiagnostic approach using the H reflex elicited by magnetic stimulation of the S1 nerve root and F waves to evaluate sensory nerve root function in patients with S1 radiculopathy.Methods Thirty normal subjects and 30 patients with unilateral S1 radiculopathy were recruited in this study.H reflex and M response were recorded from the bilateral soleus of all the subjects by magnetic stimulation of S1 nerve roots.F and M wave responses elicited by electrical stimulation of bilateral tibial nerves at the popliteal fossa were also recorded.The sensory root conduction time (SRCT) was calculated.Correlations of age and body height with SRCT in the healthy subjects,and between SRCT and pain in the patients with S1 radiculopathy were analyzed.Results The mean values of normal subjects were 3.10 ± 0.44 ms for SRCT,and 0.13 ± 0.19 ms for inter-side SRCT differences.In the 30 patients with S1 radiculopathy,H reflex could not be elicited from 4 patients.Among the remaining patients,the SRCT of the affected side was prolonged significantly (3.90 ±0.65 ms),and the mean value of the inter-side difference increased significantly (0.90 ±0.50 ms).A regression equation correlating SRCT with height was developed,but no significant correlation between SRCT and age in the normal subjects was revealed.There was positive correlation between SRCT and the severity of pain among the patients.Conclusion SRCT can be used as a new electrodiagnostic index in estimating sensory nerve root function in patients with S1 radiculopathy.