Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging in the evaluation of left ventricular rotation and torsion in pre-apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(PAHCM)patients. Methods A total of 26 patients with PAHCM,26 patients with hyperten-sive left ventricular hypertrophy(HLVH)and 26 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Two-dimensional echocardiographs were performed carefully. Two-dimensional images were obtained from the left ventricular apical four-chamber section,two-chamber section and two short-axis sec-tions,including mitral valve and apical levels. The peak subendocardial rotation(endo-rot),epicardial rotation(epi-rot),transmural torsion(mural-tor)and bulk rotation(bulk-rot)of each short-axis section were measured and analyzed using QLAB 9.1 software. Results In the mitral level, there was no statistically significant difference in endo-rot,epi-rot,mural-tor and bulk-rot between the PAHCM group and normal control group (P>0.05). There was statistically significant difference in endo-rot,epi-rot,mural-tor and bulk-rot between the PAHCM group and HLVH group (all P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in endo-rot,epi-rot,mural-tor and bulk-rot between the HLVH group and normal control group(all P<0.05). In the apical level,there was no statistically significant difference in epi-rot among three groups(P>0.05). There was statisti-cally significant difference in endo-rot,mural-tor and bulk-rot between each two groups(P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in G-tor between each two groups(P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the accuracy of differential diagnosis of G-tor PAHCM was high(the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.89),the sensitivity was 73.08%,and the specificity was 92.31%. Conclusion Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging could accurately and quantitatively measure the left ventricular rotation and tor-sion in PAHCM patients. The G-tor could accurately screen and identify between PAHCM and HLVH.

Schisandra chinensis fructus is the dried ripe fruit of S. chinensis from magnoliaceae, produced mainly in the three provinces in the northeast of China. This research systematically summarized the active constituent and pharmacological activity of S. chinensis fructus in recent years, and predicted the Q-marker of S. chinensis fructus in terms of component specificity, constituent validity, component measurability and component absorbed into blood based on the concept of the Q-marker of traditional Chinese medicine. The result suggested the component of lignans in diphenyl cyclooctene as the Q-marker of S. chinensis fructus to conduct the qualitative and quantitative analysis, which provides the scientific basis for establishing and improving the quality evaluation standard of S. chinensis fructus.

To establish a new method for identifying genus of Lilium by DNA barcoding technology, ITS, ITS2, psbA-trnH, matK and rbcL sequences were analyzed in term of variation of inter- and intra-species, barcoding gap, neighbor-joining tree to distinguish genus of Lilium based on 978 sequences from experimental and GenBank database, and identification efficiency was evaluated by Nearest distance and BLAST1 methods. The results showed that DNA barcoding could identify different species in genus of Lilium. ITS sequence performed higher identification efficiency, and had significant difference between intra- and inter-species. And NJ tree could also divide species into different clades. Results indicate that DNA barcoding can identify genus of Lilium accurately. ITS sequence can be the optimal barcode to identify species of Lilium.
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Lilium ; classification

A study was made on the pharmacokinetic regularity of effective components salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SMRR) and Chuanxiong Rhizoma(CR) in rats, so as to discuss the compatibility mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Rats were randomly divided into three groups and intravenously injected with 50 mg x kg(-1) salvianolic acid B for the single SMRR extracts group, 0.5 mg x kg(-1) ferulic acid for the single CR extracts group and 50 mg x kg(-1) salvianolic acid B + 0.5 mg x kg(-1) ferulic acid for the SMRR and CR combination group. The blood samples were collected at different time points and purified by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. With chloramphenicol as internal standard (IS), UPLC was adopted to determine concentrations of salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid. The pharmacokinetic parameters of salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid were calculated with WinNonlin 6.2 software and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. The UPLC analysis method was adopted to determine salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid in rat plasma, including linear equation, stability, repeatability, precision and recovery. The established sample processing and analysis methods were stable and reliable, with significant differences in major pharmacokinetic parameters, e.g., area under the curve (AUC), mean residence time (MRT) and terminal half-life (t(1/2)). According to the experimental results, the combined application of SMRR and CR can significantly impact the pharmacokinetic process of their effective components in rats and promote the wide distribution, shorten the action time and prolong the in vivo action time of salvianolic acid B and increase the blood drug concentration and accelerate the clearance of ferulic acid in vivo.
Animals ; Apiaceae ; chemistry ; Benzofurans ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Coumaric Acids ; blood ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

So far there exists no corresponding quality test procedures and grading standards for the seed of Prunus humilis, which is one of the important source of base of semen pruni. Therefor we set up test procedures that are adapt to characteristics of the P. humilis seed through the study of the test of sampling, seed purity, thousand-grain weight, seed moisture, seed viability and germination percentage. 50 cases of seed specimens of P. humilis tested. The related data were analyzed by cluster analysis. Through this research, the seed quality test procedure was developed, and the seed quality grading standard was formulated. The seed quality of each grade should meet the following requirements: for first grade seeds, germination percentage ≥ 68%, thousand-grain weight 383 g, purity ≥ 93%, seed moisture ≤ 5%; for second grade seeds, germination percentage ≥ 26%, thousand-grain weight ≥ 266 g, purity ≥ 73%, seed moisture ≤9%; for third grade seeds, germination percentage ≥ 10%, purity ≥ 50%, thousand-grain weight ≥ 08 g, seed moisture ≤ 13%.
Cluster Analysis ; Germination ; Prunus ; growth & development ; Seeds ; physiology

Objective To explore the reason of misdiagnosis and discuss the reoperation in thyroid carcinoma.Methods The data of 77 patients that had reoperation because of misdiagnosis were analyzed.Results The daignosis of all 77 cases were only based on pre-operative physical and uhrasound examination.The post-reoperative follow up (3～41 monthes):no case was found local recurrence.Conclusions The preoperative frozen section may avoid misdaignosis and the effect of reoperation for misdaignosed cases are satisfactory.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; analysis ; Hippocampus ; blood supply ; chemistry ; pathology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; Time Factors

The purpose of this study is to identify the electrical activity of neuron, the existence of the transition from bursting pattern to spiking pattern and the ion mechanism of the bursting pattern. The intracellular electrical activity patterns of single neurons in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of crayfish were recorded when the extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) or calcium-dependent potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium concentration ([TEA](o)) were changed, using intracellular recording method. These single neurons were also functionally isolated from the ganglion by application of atropine and picrotoxin which could block the inhibitory acetylcholine synapses and glutamatergic synapses respectively. When [Ca(2+)](o) was decreased by increasing EGTA, the membrane potential of the neuron was increased, and the electrical activity patterns were changed from the resting state with lower potential value (resting state of polarization) to the bursting pattern firstly, and then to the spiking pattern, at last to the resting state with higher potential value (resting state of depolarization). When [TEA](o) was increased, the membrane potential of the neuron was increased, and the electrical activity pattern was changed from the resting state with lower potential value (resting state of polarization) to the bursting pattern firstly, and then to the spiking pattern. The duration of the burst of the bursting pattern was increased. When [Ca(2+)](o) was increased or [TEA](o) was decreased, an inverse procedure of the electrical activity pattern was exhibited. On one hand, the results indicate that a single neuron can generate various electrical activity patterns corresponding to different physiological conditions, and the regularity of the transitions between different electrical activity patterns. On the other hand, the results identify that the initiation and termination of the burst in bursting pattern are determined by calcium-activated potassium conductance, which is adjusted by intracellular calcium concentration influenced by inward calcium current. It may be the ionic mechanism of generation of the bursting pattern in a single neuron.
Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Astacoidea ; physiology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels ; metabolism ; Ganglia, Invertebrate ; physiology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; metabolism

This research aimed at studying the effects of irrigation and rhizome length on the survival of ratio, yield and quality of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in wild tending condition. Employed the split-block design to carry out the field experiment, sampled with the quadrat method to measured the relative growth indexes and to estimate the yield, used the HPLC (high performance liquid chromatog- raphy ) method to measure the glycyrrhizin in the rhizome and adventitious root of the G. uralensis in this study. The quantity of the adventitious roots and the survival ratio were increased significantly as the length of the rhizome increased (P < 0.01), but the length of the rhizome had no remarkable effect on the content of glycyrrhizin. The average content of the glycyrrhizin in the adventitious root and rhizome could reach 3.03% and 2.12% after 3-year wild tending, respectively, and this results indicated that the quality of the glycyrrhiza using this method was much better than that from cultured glycyrrhiza with the reproducing method of seeding. so using the rhizome as reproductive material to produce the glycyrrhiza under the wild tending condition could get the high quality glycyrrhiza quick- ly and steadily, this phenomenon could be explained by the Hypothesis of synthetic inertia of the medicinal components from the wild material of G. uralensis. But the maximum yield with this method was just more than 945 kg x hm(-2) in this study. So the further work of how to increase the yield in the practical application with the method found in this study need to be done in the next research.
Agricultural Irrigation ; Culture Techniques ; methods ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; metabolism ; Rhizome ; growth & development ; Survival Analysis

Bile Duct Diseases ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Syndrome