ATP-binding cassette transporter Al (ABCAl) is a kind of membrane intergrate protein and may have multiple and diverse functions. It mediates the cellular efflux of phospholipids and cholesterol to lipid-poor apolipoproteinA- Ⅰ (apoA- Ⅰ ) and plays a significant role in high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Mutations in human ABCAl cause severe HDL deficiencies characterized by the virtual absence of apoA- Ⅰ and HDL and prevalent atherosclerosis. ABCAl expression is highly regulated and implies a variety of molecular actors. All of the nuclear receptors which involve in regulation of ABCAl expression act via the DR4 element in the ABCAl promoter. cAMP up-regulates ABCAl expression by acting both at the transcriptional and translational level. Cytokines have been shown to exert pleiotropic and antinomic effects on ABCAl transcription, In addition to these, some of enzymes and proteins such as protein kinase A, protein kinase CK2, cathepsin D are involved in the regulation of ABCAl expression. The recent progress in the structure, function and regulation of ABCAl transporter is reviewed.

Acetates ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Leukotriene Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Quinolines ; therapeutic use ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; drug therapy ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; drug therapy ; Single-Blind Method

This study aimed to investigate the drug susceptibility of wild-type and mutant avian influenza A (H7N9) virus neuraminidase (NA) to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Codon optimized DNA of H7N9 (A/ Hangzhou/1/2013) NA was synthesized and constructed into the pcDNA3.1/His vector (NA(H7N9-WT)). Mutant NA(H7N9-H274Y) and NA(H7N9-R292K) plasmids were constructed by directed mutagenesis PCR using NA(H7N9-WT) plasmid as the template followed by sequencing. NA plasmids were transfected into 293T cells and cell lysates containing NAs were collected 48 h post-transfection. Wild-type and mutant NAs were analyzed by Western blotting and their activities were tested by the 4-MUNANA-based assay. All three NAs were expressed and enzymatic activities were confirmed. The effects of oseltamivir and zanamivir on all three NAs were then tested. It showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of oseltamivir carboxylate on NA(H7N9-WT), NA(H7N9-H274Y) and NA(H7N9-R292K) were 1.6 nM, 15.1 nM, and > 1 000 nM with fold changes of 9 and > 625, respectively. The IC50 values of zanamivir on NA(H7N9-WT), NA(H7N9-H274Y), and NA(H7N9-R292K) were 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and 38.0 nM with fold changes of 1.3 and 34, respectively. These results indicated that oseltamivir and zanamivir could significantly inhibit NA(H7N9-WT). NA(H7N9-R292K) showed high-level resistance to both drugs (34-fold and 625-fold) and NA(H7N9-H274Y) was sensitive to both (1.3-fold and 9-fold). These results indicated that both oseltamivir and zanamivir could be used for patients infected with the H7N9 virus. However, when patients carried the H7N9 virus with a NA R292K mutation, other medications would be preferred over oseltamivir or zanamivir.
Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutation ; Neuraminidase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oseltamivir ; pharmacology ; Viral Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Zanamivir ; pharmacology

Objective To study the relationship between angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor (AGTR2) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and hypertension in patients with essential hypertension and renal hypertension.Methods Direct DNA sequencing was performed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in eighty patients with essential hypertension,eighty patients with renal hypertension and forty normal blood pressure controls.Results There was significant difference on A allele frequencies between essential hypertension group and control group ( 56.88％ [ 91/160 ] vs 30.00％ [ 24/80 ],x2 =15.44,P ＜ 0.001 ).A allele frequency had no correlation with renal hypertension (42.50％ [ 68/160 ] vs 30.00％ [ 24/80 ],x2 =3.52,P ＞0.05).There was no significant difference on SNP between essential hypertension group and renal hypertension group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion A1675G signal nucleotide polymorphisms of AGTR2 may be associated with the development of essential hypertension,but has nothing to do with renal hypertension.

Treatment of edentulous jaws with fixed implant supported denture is a complex procedure with high technical difficulty.In the present paper,the characteristics of screw retained implant denture and key points of manufacture are introduced in details.

Background and purpose: The effects of tumor after radiotherapy and chemotherapy with tumor cell apoptosis have positive correlation. Survivin is an apoptosis suppressor gene, which is overexpressed in lung cancer. The reduction of its expression can increase lung cancer cell apoptosis. RNA interference can speciifcally and effectively blocked the expression of this gene. After accepting a dose of radiation, tumor tissues can raise the rate of gene transduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the expression of Survivin gene suppressed by intratumor injection siRNA and radiation in lung cancer. Methods:Mouse subcutaneous transplanted with tumors were randomly divided into four groups:untreated group (group A), group with intratumor injection siRNA (group B), group with radiation (group C), group 4 Gy pre-irradiation combination with intratumor injection siRNA (group D). Two days later, mouse with different treatments were executed by cervical dislocation and stripped the subcutaneous tumors. mRNA and protein levels of Survivin gene were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot; Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were assayed by lfow cytometry (FCM). Results:The expression of Survivin gene in mRNA and protein levels in group B, C, and D were signiifcantly reduced compared with group A. The differences of Survivin expression in mRNA level between group A and group D were statistically signiifcant. Compared with the other 3 groups, the expression of Survivin gene in group D was signiifcantly reduced, the differences were statistically signiifcant (P=0.036);The proportion of cells in S-phase of group D was (2.70±0.34)%, compared with group B [(8.93±0.75)%] and group C [(6.71±0.51)%], that was significantly reduced. The differences of the proportion of S-phase cells in group A and group D were statistically signiifcant (P=0.034);The rate of cell apoptosis in group D was (25.67 ± 0.65)%, which was signiifcantly increased compared with the rate of cell apoptosis in the other 3 groups, the differences were statistically signiifcant (F=78.82, P<0.05). Conclusion:Pre-irradiation can enhance the transduction rate of siRNA, reduce the expression of Survivin gene in lung cancer, promote cell apoptosis, and increase the sensitivity of the radiotherapy.

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of Survivin and PTEN in cervical carcinoma. Methods The expression of Survivin and PTEN in 60 cases of cervical carcinoma, 15 cases of CIN Ⅰ , 15 cases of CIN Ⅱ, 15 cases of CIN Ⅲ and 15 cases of normal cervical tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The expression positive rates of Survivin were 86.67 %, 80.00 %,33.33 %, 20.00 % and 0, respectively, and those of PTEN were 21.67 %, 40.00 %, 80.00 %, 86.67 % and 100.00 % in cervical carcinoma, CIN Ⅲ, CIN Ⅱ, CIN Ⅰ and normal cervical tissues, respectively. The expression positive rates of Survivin were increased along with normal cervical epithelium, CIN Ⅰ, CIN Ⅱ,CIN Ⅲ and invasive carcinoma of cervix;while those of PTEN were inverse order.Compared with the expression positive rates of Survivin and PTEN protein in the CIN Ⅱ group, those in the CIN Ⅲ group had significant differences (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively). Expressions of Survivin and PTEN were correlated to the size of focus(P <0.05), the depth of tumor and pelvic lymphnode metastasis (P <0.05), but not to clinical staging, pathological types, pathological grading and age(P >0.05). There was a negative correlation between the expression of PTEN and Survivin in cervical carcinoma. Conclusion The expressions of Survivin and PTEN are correlated with invasion and metastasis of cervical carcinoma, and be related to clinical pathotology.Survivin and PTEN may play a important role in the formation, proliferation, differentuation and metastasis of cervical carcinoma. They may be used as markers of early diagnose, efficacy and prognosis evaluation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects of arthroscopy in the treatment of medial meniscal cyst.

METHODSFrom June 2011 to January 2013, 7 patients with medial meniscal cyst were treated with arthroscopy. There were 3 males and 4 females,ranging in age from 27 to 63 years old,with a mean age of (43.93±2.10) years old. The cysts have been discovered for 3 to 30 months,with a mean time of (10.6±1.3) months. All the patients complained of knee pain,especially in the medial joint gap. The Pisani sign, Caklin sign and medial McMurray sign were all positive. Preoperative MRI examination confirmed the diagnosis. Lysholm score changes and clinical efficacy were observed through a six-month follow-up.

RESULTSThe postoperative Lysholm scores were all significantly higher than the preoperative scores. According to Sarimo standard, 6 patients got an excellent result, and 1 good.

CONCLUSIONArthroscopic treatment of medial meniscal cyst has replaced the traditional method, which could retain the normal meniscus as much as possible and repair the meniscus injury simultaneously, as well as get a good curative effect and a good recovery of knee function. This method is worthy of clinical application.

Adult ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Cysts ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged

Aged ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; diagnostic imaging ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Male

With inlet temperature, specific gravity, feeding speed as independent variables, the comprehensive evaluating indexes of content of schisandrin and arctiin as dependent variable, the experimental data were fitted to a second order polynomial equation. Based on establishing the mathematical relationship between the comprehensive evaluating indexes and respective variables, Box-Benhnken central composite test and response surface analysis method was employed to optimize the spray drying technology of Biqiu granules ethanol extract. The optimal drying parameter was as follows: the inlet temperature was 175 degrees C, the specific gravity was 1.10, feeding speed was 32 r x min(-1). Under these conditions, the comprehensive evaluating indexes of spraying dry processes was 92.68, which was close to the model prediction. The spraying dry technology of Biqiu granules ethanol extract optimized by response surface methodology was accurate and feasible, which provided theoretical experiment basis for the industrialization production.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ethanol