Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; General Surgery ; methods ; Humans

The research was carried out to establish HPLC fingerprints of Tibetan medicinal herb "Songdi" (Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata), and to provide reference for identification an quality control of it. It was performed on an Amethyst-C18-P (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column with the mobile phase of methanol-0.4% formic acid in a linear gradient mode at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C, and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. The software for chromatographic fingerprint was applied to analyse the pattern analysis, the common peaks and similarity. Cluster analysis was done based on the common peaks data of 33 samples from different plant species and sources by SPSS software. Ten common chromatographic peaks were identified by fingerprint, showing a low similarity in constituent and variety. Flavonoids and saponins were the principal components. The number and area of peaks were affected by the collection sources and method. The high similarity are showed by the samples derived from the same area with high accuracy and high purity. The method is so simple, exclusive, stable and high repeatable that it can provide reference for identification and quality assessment of "Songdi" (S. umbellulata var. pectinata).
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Quality Control ; Saxifragaceae ; chemistry

AIM: To investigate the phenomenon that miR-let-7d regulates the proliferation and invasion abilities of the lung cancer cells through nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ).METHODS: The relation between PPARγ and microRNA was analyzed by bioinformatics.The plasmid reporter assay was used to verify that PPARγ was the target of miR-let-7d.The lung cancer cell line with low expression of PPARγ was selected from different lung cancer cell lines by Western blot.The regulatory role of miR-let-7d in the lung cancer cells was determined by dual luciferase labeling and Western blot.The effect of miR-let-7d on the proliferation ability of lung cancer cells was detected by colony formation assay, the effect of miR-let-7d on the invasive ability of lung cancer cells was detected by Transwell invasion assay.RESULTS: The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that miR-let-7d regulated the expression of PPARγ, and the 3'UTR of PPARγ contained 2 functional miR-let-7d binding sites, indicating that PPARγ is a direct target of miR-let-7d.miR-let-7d was able to directly regulate the expression of PPARγ at mRNA and protein levels.Transfection of miR-let-7d inhibitor promoted the proliferation and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells by increasing the expression of PPARγ.CONCLUSION: miR-let-7d increases the expression of tumor suppressor PPARγ to inhibit the proliferation and invasive abilities of lung cancer cells.

In this paper, the popular domestic varieties and quality standard of Scrophulariaceae plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 11 genera and 99 species (including varieties), as well as 28 medicinal materials varieties of Scrophulariaceae plants were recorded in the relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards arid literatures, there are great differences in varieties, sources, parts, and efficacies of medicinal plant. Among them, about 41.4% (including 41 species) of endemic plants, about 15.2% (including 15 species) of the original plants have medicinal standard legal records, except the medicinal materials of Scrophalaria ningpoensis, Lagotis brevituba, Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Veronica eriogyne general, most varieties have not completed quality standard. Consequently it is necessary to reinforce the herbal textual, resources and the use present situation investigation, the effects of the species resources material foundation and biological activity, quality standard, specification the medical terms of the plants, and promote Tibetan medicinal vareties-terminologies-sources such as the criterion and quality standard system for enriching the varieties of Tibetan medicinal materials and Chinese medicinal resources.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Scrophulariaceae ; chemistry ; classification

In this paper, the domestic varieties and quality standard of Leguminosae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 36 genera and 142 species (including varieties), as well as 64 medicinal materials varieties of Leguminosae plants were recorded in relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards and literatures, there are great differences in varieties, sources, used parts, and efficacy of medicinal plants. Among them, about 38.0% (including 54 species) of the endemic plants, about 25.4% (including 36 species) of the original plants have medicinal standard legal records, except 9 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine general quality standard more fairly completed, the most varieties have only description about characters, identification, etc. Therefore it is necessary to reinforce study for the herbal textual, resources and the use present situation, chemical components and biological activity, quality standard, medicinal terms specification, to promote establishment of quality standard system for variety-terminologies-sources of Tibetan medicinal plants.
Fabaceae ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; standards

In this paper, an analysis was made on the varieties and standards of labiatae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine. The results showed 71 species of labiatae plants in 21 genera (including varieties) recorded in relevant literatures, involving 44 varieties of medicinal materials. Specifically, seven species (9.9%) were intersected with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), 19 varieties (43%) were recorded in Chinese medicinal material standards at all levels, and 27 species (38%) were source plants. In Tibetan medicine standards and literatures, there are great differences between Tibetan names and translated Chinese names and among varieties of source plants. Apart from a few of varieties intersected with traditional Chinese medicines had complete standards and regulations in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, most of species only had characters, microscopic, physical and chemical identifications in Standards Issued by Ministry of Health-Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Medicine Standard and local standards. Therefore, the Tibetan medicinal material variety-source specification and quality standard system shall be promoted on the basis of literatures research, investigations for resources and current applications and modern pharmaceutical studies.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; standards ; Phytotherapy ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification

ObjectiveTo study the expression of EZH2 gene in cervical squamous carcinoma and its clinicopathologic significance. MethodsThe expression of EZH2 mRNA was detected in 21 samples of normal cervical tissue, 27 samples of CIN tissue and 48 samples of cervical squamous carcinoma tissue by RT-PCR. And the relationship between EZH2 expression and the clinical pathological characteristic was analyzed. ResultsThe level of EZH2 mRNA in cervical squamous carcinoma tissues(1.67±0.01)were significantly higher than that in the normal cervical tissues (0) and CIN tissues (0.36±0.02) (P ＜ 0.01).There was no correlation between EZH2 and ages (P ＞ 0.05), while the expression of EZH2 was highly correlated with histologic stage,clinical stage,muscular invasion depth and lymph node metastasis of cervical squamous carcinoma (P ＜ 0.01).ConclusionThe over-expression of the EZH2mRNA may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of cervical squamous carcinoma,suggesting that EZH2 might be a new biomarker for diagnosing cervical squamous carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prophylactic effect of Budesonide on the expression of IL-4,IL-5 in nasal mucosa in model of minimal persistent inflammation of allergic rhinitis in rats. METHOD: Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into allergic rhinitis group (A group), experimental (B group), control group (C group) and negative control group (D group). A group was made for model of allergic rhinitis. B and C group were made for model of the lightest persistent inflammatory response. After the models were established, half of rats in the A group, B group, C group and D group were executed, and EOS infiltration and the expression of IL-4, IL-5, ICAM-1 were observed in nasal mucosa. The remaining rats of B group were given budesonide (64 microg/side/time, twice/day) treatment for 2 weeks. A, C, D group were given nasal spray with normal saline for 2 weeks. After that A, B, and C groups were stimulated with 1% OVA daily for one week, D group were given nasal spray with normal saline. All rats were executed after excitation, EOS infiltration and IL-4, IL-5 expression were observed. RESULT: After the drug treatment, B group only had a small amount of mucous EOS infiltration and had no significant difference with D group, but in A and C group EOS had heavy infiltration. Gray value of the IL-4 positive areas in B group were significantly different compared with A and C group (P < 0.05), A group and C group had no significant difference (P > 0.05). Distribution of IL-5 positive signals was similar with that of IL-4. CONCLUSION Budesonide MPI application could significantly inhibit the allergic.
Animals ; Budesonide ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-5 ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; metabolism ; prevention & control

The quality control method and standard were established to control the quality of Pteris multifida in this paper. The tests of water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of P. multifida were carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition, volume 1) . The TLC method was established by using rhoifolin as references, and a mixture of CHCl3 -MeOH-HAc (6: 1: 1) as the developing solvent system on GF254 thin layer plate. The contents of rhoifolin was determined by HPLC on a Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) column, using acetonitrile-water (containing 0.15% formic acid) (16: 84) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the detection wave-length was 350 nm. As a result, pterosin C 3-O-β-D-glucosidede and the other constituents were well separated on TLC detected under the UV light at 254 nm . The methodology validation for the assay of rhoifolin presented that it was in good linear correlation in the ranges of 0.025 5-5.1 μg with the regression equations of Y = 1 092.4X + 9.503 5 (r = 0.999 8), and the average recoveries were 100.3% (RSD 1.3%). The content range of rhoifolin from 16 different batches of Pteris multifida was 0.08-5.06 mg x g(-1). The water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of 16 samples varied in the ranges of 7.35% - 12.96%, 6.90% - 16.33%, 2.07% -11.38% and 13.29% -23.87%, respectively. The suggesting limes in the quality standard for water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash, ethanol-soluble extractives and rhoifolin content were ≤ 12% , ≤ 15% , ≤ 8.5% , ≥ 14% and ≥ 0.040%, respectively. The result proved that the established quality of control method was specific and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of P. multifida.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Pteris ; chemistry ; Quality Control

The occurrence of malignant tunors is increasing annually around the world.In every year,8.2 million patients died of malignant tumors in which about 90％ patients died of malignant tumors associated multiple organs metastases.Inhibiting tumor metastasis is the key event to prolong the survival time of patients.With the further research,tumor-vessel associated extravascular tumor metastasis is playing an increasingly important role in the clinical application.This paper summarizes the new developments of tumor-vessel associated extravascular tumor metastasis to provide possible ideas for the therapy of malignant tumors.