Objective To determine the protein levels of receptor activator of NF ?B ligand (RANKL) in synovial tissues obtained from ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, and compare the expression level and distribution of RANKL protein in AS with that in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and normal synovial tissues, in order to define the role of RANKL expressions in the pathogenesis of arthritis and bone destruction in AS. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using monoclonal antibodies to determine RANKL expression in 13 AS, 16 RA, 17 OA patients and 6 healthy controls. The protein levels of RANKL in labeled synovial tissue sections were quantified by digital image analysis and semiquantitative analysis to compare the expression of RANKL in positve cells among different patient groups and normal subjects. In addition, RANKL expression was correlated with certain inflammatory indices (including ESR, CRP, blood platelet count) and radiological stage of involved joints, respectively. Results Positive staining of RANKL was seen respectively in all 13 AS patients and 16 patients with RA, and the positive expression was distributed predominantly in the synovial lining layer and at synovium cartilage junctions. There was no significant difference between levels of RANKL expression in tissues from patients with AS and in tissues from RA. No positive staining of RANKL was observed in 6 normal subjects and all OA patients. Positive correlation was found between RANKL protein expression and X ray stage of bone destruction of involved joints in the patients with AS and RA ( r =0 73,0 41, P =0 003,0 021 respectively). Conclusions RANKL plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bone destruction in patients with AS, and its elevated expression level may reflect the degree of bone destruction of peripheral joints in AS patients. Since similar patterns of RANKL expression are found in synovial tissues from AS and RA patients, therefore, we conclude that the pathogenesis of bone destruction in AS may be similar to that in RA

Objective To compare expression and distribution of CD68 protein and TRAP positive protein in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and normal synovial tissues to study the differentiation of osteoclast in synovial tissues obtained from AS patients and its role in the pathogenesis of bone destruction in AS. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using CD68 monoclonal antibody to detect CD68 expression, and the distribution of TRAP positive cells in the synovial tissues was examined by enzyme histochemistry in 13 AS, 16 RA, 17 OA patients and 6 healthy controls. The above two variables were quantified in the labeled sections by digital image analysis and semiquantitative analysis to compare the expression of CD68 positive cells in different patient groups and normal subjects. Results Positive CD68 staining was seen in synovial cells from all the patients with AS, RA, OA and normal subjects, and the expression levels of CD68 from patients with AS and RA were higher than those from OA patients and healthy subjects. The CD68 positive cells were abundant mainly in lining layer. In areas where elevated RANKL expression levels were present, the number of TRAP positive cells was found significantly increased in AS and RA synovium. TRAP positive cells were rarely observed in synovium from OA patients and normal controls. There was positive correlation between the number of TRAP positive cells and the RANKL expression (r=0.442, P=0.043) in RA patients. Conclusions An obvious increase in the number of CD68 positive cells and TRAP positive cells in synovium may provide a main source of osteoclastogenesis in AS patients. The up-regulation of activity and quantity of osteoclast may have an important role in peripheral articular destruction in patients with AS.

30 mm Hg) was diagnosed with Doppler echocardiography in 28 patients with SSc.Twenty patients have isolated PHT,while 8 patients were of secondary PHT which was due to severe pulmonary fibrosis.The levels of albumin, ? globulin ,IgA,IgG and CRP in serum of patients with PHT were significantly higher than those without PHT ( P

Objective To detect osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein levels in synovial tissues from ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and compare the expression level and distribution of OPG protein in AS, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and normal synovial tissues. By studying the correlation of OPG expressions with pathological changes of inflammatory joints to explore the role of OPG in the pathogenesis of bone destruction in AS. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using OPG monoclonal antibody to detect OPG expression in 13 AS, 16 RA,17 OA patients and 6 healthy controls. The labeled synovial tissue sections were quantified by digital image analysis and semiquantitively analyzed to compare the expression of OPG positve cells in different patient groups and normal subjects. In addition, the correlation of OPG expression with certain inflammatory indices (including ESR, CRP, blood platelet count) and radiological stage of involved joints was analyzed respectively. Results Positive staining of OPG was seen in all 13 AS patients. OPG expression was predominantly seen in the synovial lining layer and sublining areas. Positive staining of OPG was also found in the synovial tissues of 2 normal subjects, but the OPG level was significantly lower. No positive staining of OPG was found in synovial tissues from all patients with RA and OA. Conclusions {1}Higher levels of OPG are expressed in synovial tissues from AS patients than in tissues from normal subjects (P

Objective To study the antidepressant effect of Yiyukang and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods By using the mice forced-swimming models,mice tail suspension models and mice stereotyped behavior models,the antidepressant effect of Yiyukang and its mechanism were observed.Result In the mice forced-swimming test,the im- mobility-time was significantly reduced by high and medium dosage Yiyukang with the reduced rate being 21.65% and 24.84%(P＜0.01).The high dosage can also reduce the immobility time of tail-suspension mice with the rate of 29.58%(P＜0.01).Yiyukang can strengthen the mice head shaking behavior and had synergistic action with 5- HTP on reducing stereotyped behavior in mice.Conclusion Yiyukang has certain antidepressant effect,and the mecha- nism may be associated with promoting the actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in mice brain.

Objective To analyse the necessity and feasiblity about the diagnosis and classification of fibrocystic disease of breast,through using synthesize imaging methods , to increase the disease ＇s diagnosis rate. Methods Using imaging checks (molybdenum photography,ultrasonography and infra-red scanner) for 600 breast＇s cases and contrast to pathogenesis if they were done operations. Results 143cases were normal,166 cases got other disease of breast,291 cases were fibrocystic disease of breast(48.1%) ,155 cases of them were performed operations and pathogenesis. the diagnosis similar rate between performed operations check and pathogcnesis was 83.2%. Conclusion The sensitivity of three kinds imaging check method is different each other,but one method can give some help each other. The synthesize imaging check can increase the diagnosis rate and avoid mis-diagnosis and doing needless operations.

Objective To evaluate the effect of supplementation with human milk fortifier (HMF) produced by human milk protein in low birth weight infants.Methods Eighty seven low birth weight infants undergoing neonatal intensive care were divided into 4 groups randomly,human milk +HMF 9307(enriched protein 6 g/L)and human milk;formula +HMF 9308(enriched SIgA 500 mg/L)and formula.Results The weight gain was faster in human milk+HMF 9307 group than that of human milk group(13.8 g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1).vs.9.4 g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),P

Objective To establish a method for determination of ephedrin in Lianma Spraying by HPLC. Method The analysis was carried out on C18 column (4.6 mm?200 mm, 5 ?m) by HPLC, the mobile phase was NaH2PO3-CH3OH-CH3CN-C3H15N (600∶320∶80∶1), the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃, and detective wavelength was 207 nm. Result The linear range of ephedrin was 0.031 2~0.187 2 mg/mL, the average recovery rate was 98.94%, RSD was 0.8%. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid, accurate and reliable, and can be used to control the quality of the products.

Objective To observe the effects of estrogen on the behavior and the norepinephrine level in the habenular nucleus of depressive rats,and explore the mechanism of estrogen involved in the process of antidepression.Methods Thirty rats were chosen from forty male Wistar rats,which had the similar scores in open field test.The depression models of rats were established by chronic mild stress.Open field test and forced swimming test were performed to detect the behavioral changes between rats with ovary excision(OVX) and with estradiol-treated ovary excision(OV/ER).High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to observe the changes of norepinephrine level in habenular nucleus.Results After 21-day chronic mild stress,the open field test showed that the vertical motion and cross motion in OV/ER group were increased(P

Objective To analyse the necessity and feasiblity about the diagnosis and classification of fibrocystic disease of breast, through using synthesize imaging methods.to increase the diseases diagnosis rate. Methods Using imaging checks (molybdenum photography,ultrasonography and infra - red scanner) for 600 breast's cases and contrast to pathogenesis if they were done operations. Results 143 cases were normal. 166 cases got other disease of breast,291 cases were fibrocystic disease of breast(48. 1%), 155 cases of them were performed operations and pathogenesis. the diagnosis similar rate between performed operations check and pathogenesis was 83. 2%. Conclusion The sensitivity of three kinds imaging check method is different each other,but one method can give some help each other. The synthesize imaging check can increase the diagnosis rate and avoid mis - diagnosis and doing needless operations.