Objective To observe the curative effect of acupuncture on insulin receptor substrate 1 ( IRS-1) , IRS-2 and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle of experimental rats with insulin resistance (IR) . Methods Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, acupuncture normal group and acupuncture model group. The fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) level was detected with glucose oxidase method, fasting insulin and C-peptide ( C-P) were examined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) , insulin sensitivity index ( ISI) was calculated, and IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA of skeletal muscle were observed by real-time PCR-based fluorescent assay in each group. Results Compared to the normal group, the FPG, FINS, C-P levels were increased dramatically (P<0.01), ISI, IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA of the model group declined remarkably ( P<0.01). Compared to the model group, the FPG, FINS, C-P levels declined evidently ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) , and ISI, IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA of the acupuncture model group were increased dramatically ( P<0.01). Conclusion The curative mechanism of acupuncture for insulin resistance is probably related to the increase of IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle which contributes to the improvement of PI3K signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical significance of D2 lymphadenectomy for distal gastric cancer in which the pancreas were regarded as the central landmark. Methods 26 patients of advanced distal gastric cancer were performed D2 lymphade-nectomy centered on the pancreas from March 2012 to February 2013. The operation time, amount of bleeding,number of lymph nodes,and postoperative complications were recorded. Results All the 26 patients underwent the operation successfully. The amount of bleeding was 50~200 mL(averagely 110 mL),and the number of lymph nodes which were cleaned was 16~35 (averagely 26). One patient had intra-ab-dominal hemorrhage and one patient had lymphorrhagia after the operation,and they were cured finally. There was no local recurrence,no dis-tant metastasis,and no death case occurred during the follow-up. Conclusion D2 lymphadenectomy for distal gastric cancer with pancreas as the central landmark is safe and feasible, and it is of lower incidence of complications .

BACKGROUND: At present, the scale for evaluating cervical vertigo symptoms and functions applied in clinic can evaluate the overall curative effect in patients with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA).However, this scale lacks the content of functional status and emotional function for evaluating daily life function.OBJECTIVE: To develop a functional scale for cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (FS-CSA) including functional status and emotional function based on the vertigo disorder scale made abroad.DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey, interview evaluation after pretest, internal consistency, retest consistency and construct validity were measured by the method of Chronbach's c, Pearson correlation coefficients and factor analysis, respectively.SETTING: Clinical Epidemiology/DME Center, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 111 consecutive patients with CSA, 30 men and 81 women aged 31 to 72 years, in the Clinic for Cervical Spondylosis of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recruited from May 2001 to March 2002. Altogether 36 patients had risk factors of vertebral-base artery atherosclerosis. There were 14 cases of mild vertigo, 61 cases of moderate vertigo, and 36 cases of severe vertigo. Informed consent was obtained from the participants.METHODS: FS-CSA was made according to clinical actual condition Functional status (going for a walk during the day by yourself, walking around the house in the dark, doing strenuous housework, social activity,traveling for business or recreation, getting into or out of bed, reading books or newspaper; each item was divided into three categories "No,anxious, worried about your illness, and feeling frustrated; each item consisted of three categories "No, Sometimes, and Yes"). Patients with CSA were evaluated by means of interview and 14 of them were retested. Internal consistency, construct validity and correlation coefficients of the scale were measured with SPSS 10.0 software.tional status dimensionality, emotional functional dimensionality as well as internal consistency of the total scale in FS-CAS: Chronbach's α value was 0.875 9, 0.645 3 and 0.859 5, respectively; retest consistency value was extracted common factor was consistent with the two dimensionalities.tool quantifies the life quality of the patients with CSA and can make a uate curative effects of drugs or screen the best treatment scheme; therefore, it has clinical application value.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression of phosphor-cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB) in isoloated hippocampal neurons of fetal rats.Methods SpragueDawley rats on 16-18 days of gestation were sacrificed and the fetal rats were obtained.The hippocampi of fetal rats were isolated and hippocampal neurons were seeded in culture medium for 8 days.The cells were then divided into 4 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),dexmedetomidine 0.001 μmol/L group (group D1),dexmedetomidine 0.010 μmol/L group (group D2),and dexmedetomidine 0.100μmol/L group (group D3).In D1.3 groups,dexmedetomidine with the final concentrations of 0.001 μmol/L,0.010 μmol/L,and 0.100 μmol/L was added to the culture medium,respectively,and then the cells were incubated for 3.5 h.The apoptosis in hippocampal neurons was detected by flow cytometry.The expression of p-CREB in hippocampal neurons was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,apoptosis rate was significantly decreased and the expression of p-CREB was up-regulated in D1.3 groups.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine inhibits apoptosis in isolated hippocampal neurons of fetal rats by up-regulating the expression of p-CREB.

Objective To investigate the correlation of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI features with microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Conventional MR imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced scan in thirty-three patients with NSCLC confirmed by pathologyn were performed. MVD and VEGF were stained with immuno-histochemical technique in all cases. Some parameters of DCE MRI, including maximum slope(Smax) and time to peak(TTP) were put more analysis. The relationship between the results of DCE MRI (Smax and TTP) and that of immuno-histochemistry (MVD and VEGF) was analysed.Results The Smax of adeno carcinoma was higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma,but TTP was lower. The difference was obvious difference(t=3.22,P

BACKGROUND:Electrospun polylactic acid/polycaprolactone nanofibers (ENF) are a kind of self-synthesized biodegradable material. Our preliminary studies have indicated that the biomaterial exhibits excel ent biocompatibility;however, the research about its mechanics is stil little. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of static pressure on the cytocompatibility of adipose-derived stem cel s on the ENF scaffold. METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cel s were seeded onto the ENF scaffold, and then cultured in the low-glucose DMEM supplemented with 10%fetal bovine serum. The mixed constructs were submitted to the static pressure at 0, 15, 30, and 45 kPa for 4 hours using a static pressure device, respectively. Subsequently, the proliferation, adhesion and viability of adipose-derived stem cel s on the ENF scaffold were detected using MTT assay and living/dead staining to evaluate the cytocompatibility. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MTT assay showed that there were significant differences in absorbance values among groups by one-way analysis of variance after 4 hours of loading with different static pressures in vitro. Under 0-30 kPa static pressure, the absorbance values increased with static pressure, but the absorbance values declined until the pressure reached 45 kPa, and multiple comparisons between groups showed significant difference. The significant differences in the cel attachment percentage by MTT assay could be found among groups. The living/dead staining results supported the above findings. Furthermore, the significant differences in percentage of living cel s among groups were shown using either one-way analysis of variance or paired t test. In conclusion, the appropriate static pressure can promote the cytocompatibility, proliferation, adhesion and viability of adipose-derived stem cel s on the ENF scaffold. But the excessive pressure is likely to inhibit the cel ular biological behaviors, thus affecting cytocompatibility of adipose-derived stem cel s with the ENF scaffold.

Objective: To explore the effects of various concentrations IFN-? on human oral epidermic cancer cell line KB and its multidrug resistant counterpart KBv200.Methods: The toxicity of IFN-? and/or VCR was assayed by MTT method; intracellular rhodamin123 concentration and p-glycoprotein expression were measured by flow cytometry; mdr-1 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR. Results: High-dose IFN-?(10 000 IU/ml) had significant antiproliferative effects on KB/KBv200 cell lines. Low-dose IFN-? did not have any significant effect on growth of KB/KBv200 cells, but did increase the cytotoxic effect of VCR and the accumulation of Rhodamine123 in KBv200 cell line and had no effect on parent VCR-sensitive KB cell line. IFN-? down-regulated expression of P-gp and mdr-1mRNA . Conclusions: IFN-? has significant effect on the reversal of multidrug resistance of KBv200 cell line via a mechanism of P-gp and mdr1 mRNA down-regulation.

The use of flaps for plastic and reconstructive surgery is very popular today.More and more surgeons have realized that the blood supply plays an important role in the design and survival of flaps.After Ian McGregor and Ian Jackson first introduced the axial flaps into clinics,Mathes divided the flaps into two types in 1981,the fasciocutaneous perforator flaps and musculocutaneous perforator flaps.In 1989,the concept of perforator flap was first brought into clinical practice.With the development of microsurgery and anatomy,the epidermis of human skin is divided into areas based on the vascular anatomy.A new century of musculocutaneous perforator flaps has been established.The terminology,classification,characteristics and application of musculocutaneous perforator flaps are described in this paper.

Objective To evaluate the effects of propofol on the proliferation of hippocampal neurons in fetal rats in vitro.Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at 16-18 days of gestation,were sacrificed and the fetal rats were taken out from the abdominal cavity.The hippocampal neurons of the fetal rats were isolated and seeded in culture plates.After being cultured for 9 days,the neurons were divided into 7 groups using a random number table(n =36 each):control group (C group),intralipid group (I group) and propofol 0.1,1.0,10.0,100.0,1 000.0 μmol/L groups (P1-5 groups).In group I,10％ intralipid was added to the culture media until the final concentration reached 100 μmol/L.In P1-5 groups,propofol was added to the culture media until the final concentration reached 0.1,1.0,10.0,100.0 and 1 000.0 μmol/L,respectively.The neurons were then incubated for 3 h.The proliferation of hippocampal neurons was determined by MTT assay at 12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h after the end of incubation with propofol.Results Compared with group C,the proliferation of hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased in P1-5 groups (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in group I (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group P1,the proliferation of hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased in group P5 (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in P2-4 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol can decrease the proliferation of hippocampal neurons in fetal rats in vitro.

This study aims to compare the urate-lowering response rate of febuxostat and allopurinol in gout patient using a model-based meta-analysis. The literature search identified 22 clinical trials of gout with a total of 43 unique treatment arms that met our inclusion criteria, and a total of 6 365 gout patients were included in the study. The response rates of allopuriol and febuxostat were characterized by Tmax model and Emax model respectively, and the effect of baseline serum uric acid (sUA) and patient type on the drug effect was tested. The results showed that allopurinol can reach an average maximum response rate of 50.8% while febuxostat can reach a 100% response rate within a very short time, and the ED50 was 34.3 mg. Covariate analysis revealed that baseline sUA has a negative effect on response rate of allopurinol, and a positive effect on the predicted ED50 of febuxostat. For patients who had shown inadequate response to prior allopurinol treatment, the average response rate was about half that of the allopurinol responder patients.