BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has important biological effects on the heart, it can promote cardiac and vascular smooth muscle growth and metabolism.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biological effects of IGF-1, to clarify the mechanism of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and make better use of the exercise influence on IGF1 to achieve adaptive cardiac hypertrophy.METHODS: With exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy, insulin-like growth factor, exercise in English for the search terms,Pubmed database from January 1990 to April 2009 was retrieved; With exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy, insulin-like growth factor, exercise in Chinese for the search terms, CNKI database from January 1990 to April 2009 was searched. Literatures were limited to English and Chinese languages. Inclusive criteria: animal experimental study and clinical application research closely linked to IGF-1; exclusive criteria: the old literatures and Meta analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 41 literatures were screened out by computers, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria; 31 documents of which were involved for analysis. The IGF coordinates with other growth factors to promote differentiations and maturity of a variety of cells. The current data indicate that the blood serum and the cardiac local IGF-1 play an important role on cardiac hypertrophy. This study used the method of literature to analyze the production and action mechanism of the circulatory and cardiac IGF, discuss the functions of cardiac local IGF and the effect of exercise on it, and bring forward that exercise can alter the IGF expressions, IGF is related to the formation of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Objective To investigate the pharmacologic action of the Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome. MethodsThe pharmacologic action of the Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome was evaluated by observing its effect on Jimpy mice with swelling ear,capillary permeability and rats with allergic symptoms. Results The Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome could significantly relieve the degree of swelling in Jimpy mice extended by p-xylene,inhibit the increased capillary permeability in Jimpy mice extended by HAC,and combat the symptoms of rhinocnesmus,sneezing,nasal discharge with a better effect than the Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil. Conclusion The Magnolia biondii Pamp Volatile oil nanometer bangosome has a good anti-inflammation and anti-hypersensitiveness effect,which upgrades the effect of the Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil.

Child, Preschool ; Chyle ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mesenteric Cyst ; diagnosis ; surgery

Bronchial asthma is the chronic airway inflammatory disease that characterized by reversible airflow limitation .The presence of airway inflammation could lead to airway remodeling .In recent years , many studies have found that arginase plays an im-portant role in the airway inflammation and airway remodeling of asthma .It not only reduces airway release nitric oxide and increases airway hyperresponsiveness , but also its metabolites such as putrescine , proline, etc can induce cell proliferation and collagen synthe-sis, leading to airway remodeling .In this paper , the arginase and its role in the pathogenesis of asthma are discussed .

Objective To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese Version of the Fatigue severity scale (FSS)in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods The FSS was translated into Chinese language and the reverse translation was done by several experts.Validity,dimensionality,and reliability tests were implemented in 153 cases of cerebral infarction.Results One component was extracted in factor analysis,and the total cumulative contribu- tion was 64.982%.Based on the Mokken Scale analysis for Polytomous items analyses,the scale was found to be u- nidimensional and scale H is 0.6125,Cronbach?of the scale is 0.9287.Conclusion The psychometric proper- ties(reliabilities and validities)of FSS Chinese Version was satisfactory and seemed to be adaptable to Chinese cere- bral infarction patients.

6.66 kPa),30 cases of light degree pulmonary artery hypertension group (3.99 kPa

Aim To evaluate the effects of aspirin on the expression of inflammatory proteins induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods HUVECs were stimulated with different concentrations of ox-LDL. The expression of inflammatory proteins was detected by Western blot.Intracellular ROS generation was measured by flow cytometry using perexide-sensitive flurscent probe 2′, 7′-dichrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA).Results ① Aspirin inhibited COX-2 expression induced by ox-LDL. Cells were preincubated with 2.5 mmol?L-1, 5 mmol?L-1 of aspirin or without any treatment for 30 min and then stimulated by 0.3 g?L-1 ox-LDL for 16 h, COX-2 expression was reduced by treating of aspirin.COX-2 expression was enhanced after the stimulation with ox-LDL, and aspirin inhibited the increasing.② Aspirin suppressed ICAM-1 expression induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs. ICAM-1 expression was increased by ox-LDL stimulation for 16 h, and aspirin significantly down-regulated the expression. Similar results were obtained by immunofluorescence.③ Aspirin partially reduced ROS production induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs. After stimulation with 0.3 g?L-1 ox-LDL for 16 h, the intracellular level of ROS was increased, however, aspirin failed to fully inhibit the phenomenon.Conclusion Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) aspirin significantly down-regulated the expression of COX-2 and ICAM-1 induced by ox-LDL.The results suggested that aspirin could reduce the inflammation responses mediated by ox-LDL on HUVECs in atherosclerosis.

Objective To prospectively assess the nutritional status in the patients with alimentary tract malignancy,and to elucidate the factors related to malnutrition.Methods The nutritional status of 328 patients with newly diagnosed alimentary tract malignancy was assessed using subjective global assessment(SGA)and serum levels of prealbumin and albumin.And the factors influencing the nutritional status of the patients with alimentary tract malignancy in different locations were analyzed.Results The prevalence of malnutrition was 64.43% in all,75.81% in colon cancer,63.24% in esophageal cancer,62.40% in gastric cancer and 60.27% in rectal cancer.The changes of nutritional status mainly manifested weight loss with the incidence of 67.39%,serum prealbumin level under 200 g/L with the incidence of 24.1% and serum albumin level less than 35 g/L with the incidence of 31.70%.And there was significant difference in weight loss and serum levels of prealbumin and albumin among the patients with different nutritional status(P=0.000).The factors that influence the nutritional status of the patients with alimentary tract malignancy include the location and TNM staging of tumors,and the age,appetite and digestive symptoms of the patients.Conclusion The patients with alimentary tract malignancy are susceptible to malnutrition due to the multiple factors such as the tumor location and metabolic impacts of tumor on host.Nutritional screening,assessment and early intervention should be emphasized in the inpatients with alimentary tract malignancy.

Background Sclera remodeling process in axial elongation is one of the main pathological mechanisms of axial myopia progression.Studies confirmed that transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) participates in the sclera remodeling process,and Smad3 is one of TGF-β1 downstream signal gene transcriptive factors,so to explore its role in sclera remodeling process of myopic eyes is of great significance for pathogenesis and prevention research of myopia.Objective This study was to investigate the expressions of type Ⅰ collagen and Smad3,a TGF-31 downstream target,in sclera of form deprivation myopic (FDM) eyes and explore the impact of TGF-β1-Smad3-type Ⅰ collagen signaling pathway on collagen remodeling in myopic sclera.Methods Seventy-five 1-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group (25 guinea pigs) and FDM group (50 guinea pigs).Monocular FDM was induced by occluding the left eyes of guinea pigs in FDM group with translucent latex balloons for 2,4,6 weeks,respectively,and consecutive occluding for 4 weeks followed by uncovering for 1 week (4/-1 weeks).The refractive power was detected by retinoscopy and axial length was measured with A-type ultrasound.Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR were employed to detect the dynamic expressions of type Ⅰ collagen and Smad3 protein ad mRNA in the sclera of guinea pigs with emmetropia and experimental myopia,ard the relationship between collagen Ⅰ and Smad3 levels was analyzed.Results The refraction was hypermetropic in both normal control group and FDM group before occluding of eyes (P＞0.05),and the hypermetropic power was gradually reduced over time in the normal control group.In the FDM group,the refractive power was gradually changed from (+2.09 ± 0.31)D before occluding to (-1.23±0.69),(-4.17±0.59),(-7.07±0.56) and (-4.30±0.58)D,and the axial length was increased from (5.93-±0.39)mm to (6.62±0.36),(7.30±0.34),(7.99--0.32),and (7.21 ±0.36) mm at weeks 2,4,6,and 4/-1 after occluding,respectively,indicating significant differences in refractive power and axial length over time in the FDM group from normal control group and self-control group (all at P＜0.05).The expressions of Smad3 and type Ⅰ collagen protein and mRNA in the sclera of the FDM group was significantly lower than those of the control group and self-control group in various time points (all at P＜0.05).The positive correlation were found in the expression of Smad3 on the myopic sclera with that of type Ⅰ collagen in both protein and mRNA levels (protein:r=0.993,P＜0.05;mRNA:r=0.954,P＜0.05).Conclusions The myopic power and ocular axis increase dependent upon occluding time,and the expressions of Smad3 and type Ⅰ collagen in the sclera are correspondingly weakened in FDM eyes.A consistent expression trend is found between Smad3 and type Ⅰ collage,suggesting Smad3 and type Ⅰ collagen participate in the regulation of sclera remodeling in myopia by TGF-β1-Smad3-Collagen Ⅰ signaling pathway.

Background The vitreoretinal traction plays a critical role in the formation of macular hole and cystoid macular edema.Enzymatic vitreolysis has potential in relieving vitreoretinal traction as a simple and less invasive method in comparison with pars plane vitrectomy.ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the effects of plasmin mutant with kringle domains deficiency(Plm△K)on vitreoretinal interface in new Zealand white rabbits.Methods Plm△K was prepared through activating plasminogen mutant with Kringle domains deficiency (Plg△K) by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).100μL of Plm△K at the dose of 0.5,1.0 and 1.5μmol/min was injected respectively into the vitreous of 48 New Zealand white rabbits and 16 eyes for each dose.B-scan and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed to detect the structure variety at the vitreoretinal interface in 1 day and 7 days after injection.The gross anatomy analysis with triamcinolone acetonide fine particle suspension,as well as histopathological examinations by scanning electron microscopy,was performed in the different time points mentioned above.Results Two peptide chains were determined with the relative molecular weight about 26000 and 5000 by the gel imaging analysis of reduced SDS-PAGE.Separation of the posterior vitreous cortex from retina was found after intravitreous injection under the B-scan and OCT.The ultrastructure change of vitreoretinal interface as well as the examination of fine particle suspension by triamcinolone acetonide demonstrated the same outcome.The degree of remnants of vitreous cortex showed the negative correlation with the dosage of Plm△K (r=-0.9516,P=0.048).No significant correlation was found between the degree of remnants of vitreous cortex and the action time(r=-0.720,P=0.470).There was no obvious morphological difference in outer layer of retina between control eyes and Plm△K-treated eyes.No drug-related adverse event was found after intravitreous injection of Plm△K.Conclusion Intravitreous injection of Plm△K alone can induce complete separation of vitreous from retina.This procedure is safe and effective.