Acidosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; etiology ; Toluene ; toxicity

Objective To observe the curative effect and recurrence rate of desmopressin acetate(DDAVP) combined with bladder training therapy on primary nocturnal enuresis(PNE) in chlidren.Methods One hundred children with PNE were randomly divided into control group and observation group(50 cases in each group).Children in control group were treated with simple DDAVP,and patients in observation group were treated with bladder training while DDAVP was using.The course of treatment were 3 months.The therapeutic effect between the 2 groups when the treatment was finished was compared and then followed up all the cases for 3 months to compare the near-term and long-term recurrence rate between the 2 groups.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total effective rate in control group was 72.9%,and the near-term recurrence rate and the long-term recurrence rate were 22.9% and 54.3%,respectively.The total effective rate in observation group was 91.3%,and the near-term recurrence rate and the long-term recurrence rate were 11.9% and 28.6%,respectively.The total effective rate was significantly higher in observation group than that in control group(Z=-1.972,P=0.049).The near-term recurrence rate in 2 groups had no significant difference(?2=1.632,P=0.201).The long-term recurrence rate was extremely lower in observation group than that in control group(?2=5.249,P=0.022).Conclusions There is significant curative effect that DDAVP combined with bladder training therapy on PNE in children,and it can lower the long-term recurrence rate.

OBJECTIVETo introduce the framework of evidence-based practice with a case of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) as an example.

METHODSA clinical question was formulated according the clinical scenario. A systematic search was conducted for the published literature in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trial Registries, and Web of Knowledge up to Dec 2014. The identified literature was reviewed for quality appraisal before the evidence was applied to clinical practice.

RESULTSThe treatment was effective and the patient achieved disease remission.

CONCLUSIONEvidence-based practice should be integrated with clinical scenario, current evidence, and patients' willingness, and follow a systematic framework.

In this study, prescriptions were collected to establish a database based on the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system (TCMISS). Such data-mining methods as software's statistical statement module, data analysis module and apriori algorithm were used to analyze the frequency of single drug, the frequency of drug combination, the association rules and the core drug combinations of ostreae concha-containing prescriptions. The results showed that Ostreae Concha-containing prescriptions were frequently used to treat insomnia, vertigo, stomach-ache and other syndromes. The frequently used drugs included Ossis Mastodi Fossilia, Parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix. The frequently used drug combinations included "Ostreae Concha and Ossis Mastodi Fossilia", "Ostreae Concha and Parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen", and "Ostreae Concha and Polygoni Multiflori Caulis". The drug association rules with the confidence coefficient of more than 0. 95 included "Ossis Mastodi Fossilia-->Ostreae Concha", "Cocos Poria-Ossis Mastodi Fossilia-Ostreae Concha", "Ossis Mastodi Fossilia-Parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-->Ostreae Concha", and "Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix-Ossis Mastodi Fossilia--Ostreae Concha".
Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Data Mining ; Databases, Pharmaceutical ; Drug Prescriptions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Ostrea ; chemistry ; Physicians ; Software

Analyzed the prescriptions for phlegm retention syndrome that built by Ma Peizhi by the association rules and clustering algorithm, the frequency of drug usage and the relationship between drugs could be get. And from that we could conclude the experiences for phlegm retention syndrome of Ma Peizhi of menghe medical genre. The results of the analysis were that 18 core combinations were dig out, such as Citri Exocarpium Rubrum-Eriobotryae Folium-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. And there were 9 new prescriptions were found out such as Aurantii Fructus-Citri Exocarpium Rubium-Eriobotryae Folium-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. The results of the analysis were proved that Ma Peizhi of Menghe Medical Genre was good at curing phlegm retention syndrome by using the traditional Chinese medicine of mild and light, such as the medicines of mild tonification, and clearing damp and promoting diuresis.
Algorithms ; Data Mining ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Prescriptions ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mucus ; chemistry ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; drug therapy

The clinical prescriptions of hemoptysis that built by Menghe physician Ma Peizhi were collected, and were analyzed by the method of unsupervised data mining, such as association rules and clustering algorithm. From the prescriptions, we got the frequency of drugs, the association rules among drugs, 10 core drug combinations and 5 new prescriptions. Accordingly, after the analysis, Menghe physician Ma Peizhi had rich experience in the treatment of hemoptysis. His therapy for hemoptysis was clearing heat and moistening lung, dispel heat from blood to stop bleeding, and enriching yin and blood. And we can also make a conclusion that the TCM inheritance support system is of great practical value for minning the old doctors' clinical experiences.
Data Mining ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Prescriptions ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Hemoptysis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'

Based on the data mining methods of association rules and clustering algorithm, the 188 prescriptions for cough that built by Yan Zhenghua were collected and analyzed to get the frequency of drug usage and the relationship between drugs. From which we could conclude the experiences of Yan Zhenghua for the treatment of cough. The results of the analysis were that 20 core combinations were dig out, such as Bambusae Caulis in Taenias-Almond-Sactmarsh Aster. And there were 10 new prescriptions were found out, such as Sactmarsh Aster-Scutellariae Radix-Album Viscum-Bambusae Caulis in Taenian-Eriobotryae Folium. The results of the analysis were proved that Yan Zhenghua was good at curing cough by using the traditional Chinese medicine that can dispel wind and heat from the body, and remove heat from the lung to relieve cough.
Algorithms ; Cough ; drug therapy ; Data Mining ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'

The prescriptions containing pericarpium citri reticulatae that built by Professor. Yan were collected to build a database based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system. After analyzed by data mining, such as apriori algorithm, the frequency of single medicine, the frequency of drug combination, the association rules between drugs and core drug combinations can be get from the database. Through the analysis of 1 027 prescriptions with pericarpium citri reticulatae, these prescriptions were commonly used to treat stomach aches, cough and other syndromes. The most frequency drug combinations were "Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Poria", "Paeoniae Radix Rubra-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium" and so on. The drug association rules that the confidence was 1 were "Glycyrrhizae Radix ex Rhizoma --> Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium", "Paeoniae Alba Radix-Cyperi Rhizoma --> Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium", "Poria --> Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium", and so on. The drugs in the prescriptions containing pericarpium citri reticulatae that built by Professor Yan mostly had the effects of regulating the flow of Qi and invigorate blood circulation, which reflected the clearly thought when making prescriptions.
Citrus ; chemistry ; Data Mining ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'

Data mining, as known as knowledge discovery in databases, is a non-trivial process of revealing the implied, previously unknown and potentially useful information from the massive data. In recently years, the applications of data mining in the field of pharmaceutical research of traditional Chinese medicine have widespread. Especially in the field of the heritage of experiences of na-tional medical masters, data mining plays an important role. In this study, we would expound of the use of methods of data mining in the heritage of experiences of national medical masters, and analyze their advantages and disadvantages, such as association rules, Bayesian networks, neural networks, and decision trees.
Data Mining ; Databases, Pharmaceutical ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neural Networks (Computer)

The aim of the present study is to investigate the protective effect of chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) on right ventricular remodeling in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH rats were induced by a single injection of monocrotaline (60 mg x kg(-1), sc) and were administered with chrysin (50 or 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) for 4 weeks. At the end of experiment, the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) were monitored via the right jugular vein catheterization into the right ventricle. Right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle (LV) + septum (S) and RV to tibial length were calculated. Right ventricular morphological change was observed by HE staining. Masson's trichrome stain was used to demonstrate collagen deposition. The total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in right ventricle were determined according to the manufacturer's instructions. The expressions of collagen I, collagen III, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were analyzed by immunohistochemisty, qPCR and (or) Western blot. The results showed that chrysin treatment for 4 weeks attenuated RVSP, mPAP and right ventricular remodeling index (RV/LV+S and RV/Tibial length) of PAH rats induced by monocrotaline. Furthermore, monocrotaline-induced right ventricular collagen accumulation and collagen I and collagen III expression were both significantly suppressed by chrysin. The expressions of NOX4, NF-κB and MDA contents were obviously decreased, while the T-AOC was significantly increased in right ventricule from PAH rats with chrysin treatment. These results suggest that chrysin ameliorates right ventricular remodeling of PAH induced by monocrotaline in rats through its down-regulating of NOX4 expression and antioxidant activity, and inhibiting NF-κB expression and collagen accumulation.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Heart Ventricles ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Monocrotaline ; toxicity ; NADPH Oxidase 4 ; NADPH Oxidases ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects