Objective Using solid dispersion technique to prepare Silymarin Dropping Pill to accelerate dissolution and to improve bioavailability. A central composite design-response surface method was employed to select the optimum formulations. Methods Independent variables were Poloxamer 188 content and silymarin content, while dependent variables were disintegrating time and percent of silymarin dissoluted at a definite time. Linear, two and three order quadratic models were used to estimate the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Response surfaces were delineated according to best-fit mathematic models and optimum formulations were selected there from. Prediction was carried out through comparing the observed and predicted values. Results Three order quadratic equation was the best-fitted mathematic models to describe the relationship between dependent and independent variables, with a regression coefficient of 0.998. Bias between observed and predicted values of disintegrating time and dissolution percentage of optimum formulation dropping pill were negligible, indicating the high predictability of the fit models. Percent dissolution of Silymarin Dropping Pill at 60 min was 19 times as that of conventional tablets. Conclusion Dissolution speed of silymarin can be effectively improved through incorporating into dropping pills. It shows that the optimum mathematic model is highly predictive. The central composite design-response surface method can be fairly used in formulation screening.

Objective To study the technology of flocculation of water-extraction solution in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by uniform design method.Methods The liquid concentration ratio, chitosan dosage, temperature and pH were studied with the ratio of the precipitation and the rate of the transformation of valid target as index.Results The optimal flocculation process was: dosage of chitosan was 0.14%, pH was 6, the concentration of the solution was 1:3 and the temperature was 30℃.Conclusions The effect of purification is good, and the flocculation process can replace the traditional precipitation process.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),treatment,and follow-up of patients with glutaric aciduria type Ⅰ (GA-1).Methods Four pediatric patients with GA-1 diagnosed in our hospital were included in this study.They were treated with special diets and carnitine supplements.MRI and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) were performed,and the mental development indices were measured.Results GA-1 was confirmed 2 months,13 months,4 months,and 7 months after birth.Seizure had been observed before the disease diagnosis in three patients and disappeared after treatment.In all four patients,T2-weighted brain MRI showed frontotemporal atrophy or hypoplasia and enlarged subarachnoid space in the sylvian fissures and anterior to the temporal lobes.Diffusion weighted imaging revealed high-density lesions over both the putamen and globus pallidus.The patients were followed up for 4 to 5 years.Plasma amino acids and acylcamitine profile were monitored every 3-5 months.The mean C5DC level and C5DC/C8 were kept the higher limits of the normal ranges,especially in case 3.During the follow-up,the body weight was at-2 SD-0 and the height at-1 SD-0.Intellectual development test showed that case 1 and case 4 had mildly abnormal intelligence,whereas case 2 and case 3 had extremely severe intellectual disability.Gene test confirmed the presence of gene mutations in all four cases,including IVS10-2A ＞ C homozygous mutation in cases 1,3,and 4 and [IVS10-2A ＞ C] + [c.245G ＞c(p.Arg82Pro)] hybrid mutation in case 2.Two female children were smoothly enrolled by local kindergarten,while two male children were unable to walk alone due to delayed motor development and spastic paralysis.Conclusions The phenotype of GA-1 patients is not remarkably correlated with its genotype correlation.Newborn screening is essential for identifying GA-1 patients.

Oncology is extensive in contents,covering a wide range of organs,systems and clinical specialties.Here,we discuss the feasibility and necessity of flipping the classroom teaching through the introduction of Oncology and through the implementation of flip classroom teaching for oncology graduate students,this paper analyzes the evaluation of the classroom teaching by the teachers and students,and compares the assessment results of students under different teaching methods.The results show that the flipped class can promote students' initiative learning,promote students' classroom participation,and help students to internalize and consolidate their knowledge of oncology in the theoretical teaching of graduate oncology.

e tissue and myocardium, as well as myocardial uhrastructure were well-improved; the gene expressions of PPAR-α and GLUT4 were raised in APSgroup. APS may be partially effective in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Objective This article was designed to observe the effects of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on glucose and lipid metabolism, and on expressions of proxisome proliferator activated receptors-α (PPAR-α) and its downstream genes in diabetic hamsters cardiomyopathy. Methods Forty-five hamsters were divided into 3 groups randomly: normal control group (15 normal hamsters), diabetic control group [15 streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic hamsters], and astragalus polysaccharides (APS)-therapy group (15 STZ-induced diabetic hamsters administered with APS 2 g/kg per day orally for 10 weeks). The levels of insulin, C-peptide, myocardial enzymes, glycosylated serum protein (GSP) and lipoprotein of all hamsters were measured. The ultrastructure of myocardium was studied, and the gene and protein expressions of PPAR-α, FATP and ACS were also detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results It was shown that Compared with DM group, the levels of GSP, myocardial enzymes and lipoprotein of hamsters in APS-therapy group were lower, the myocardial ultrastructure of hamsters in APS-therapy group was well-protected, and the gene and protein expression of PPAR-α, FATP and ACS of hamsters in APS-therapy group were higher. Conclusions APS is partly effective in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Silicosis ; pathology

Acute Lung Injury ; etiology ; surgery ; Burns, Inhalation ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Aspiration ; complications ; Sulfuric Acids ; poisoning

12E7 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; CD57 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Pancreas ; chemistry ; pathology ; surgery ; Pancreatectomy ; methods ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Blumea balsamifera (BBE) residue on treating rats of adjuvant arthritis (AA) and its mechanism.

METHODThe rats were immunized with the Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). After modeling, 28 days' treatment with BBE was performed. During the experimental process, rat mass, toe girth, arthritic index (AI), proliferation of immune organs and pathological section were measured. After treatment, blood samples were collected through fossa orbitalis vein for detection of serum SOD, MDA, GSH, NO, OH*, ALP, AST, ALT, NAG and SA content using colorimetric method and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α content using ELISA method.

RESULTAdministration with BBE (high dose) could significantly ameliorate joint swelling and arthritis index, effectively inhibit synovial hyperplasia, down-regulate the levels of MDA, NO, OH*, ALP, AST, ALT, NAG, SA, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and up-regulate the SOD and GSH levels in serum.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggested BBE possesses substantial anti-arthritis and antioxidant activities.

Acetates ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Arthritis, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood