Objective To provide references for enhancing the connection between the need of society and the training mode of in-service postgraduates who major in health service management by analyzing the existing and potential in-service postgraduates' potential trainingwishes andexpectations.Methods Questionnaire surveys,which involved basic information,motivations and aspirations on the advanced studies,understandings and suggestions on the cultivating mode,were conducted among in-service postgraduates(Grade 2010 through Grade 2012) who major in health service management in BUCM and staffs in the departments of corresponding postgraduates.Data including 128 validated questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics in excel.Results The data indicated that further education was welcomed by 87 in-service postgraduates(85.3％ of the survey samples),who had astrong willing to further study.Specifically,the following tendencies were obtained:interdisciplinary training combining research and practice was approved by 71 in-service postgraduates (55.5％ of the samples); career-oriented talent training mode was accepted by 90 in-service postgraduates(70.2％ of the samples); 79 in-service postgraduates (61.7％ of the samples) believed courses should include both theory and practice educations; flexible educational system was welcomed by 77 in-service postgraduates(60.0％ of the samples) ; 61(47.7％) in-service postgraduates wished to attend class on week-ends while 45 (35.0％) wished to attend class in evenings; group instruction method was recommended by 73(57.0％) in-service postgraduates; 104(81.3％) believed double-tutors system should be applied to academic dissertation,and the academic dissertation could be all kinds of research papers such as investigation report,which was approved by 97 (75.6％) in-service postgraduates.Conclusions Through the above analysis,it can be validated that education on in-service postgraduates who major in health service management is worthy of further development.Finally,colleges and universities are suggested to optimize the training mode in four aspects including training objective,curriculum provi-sion,teaching methods and graduation thesis.

Background Scarring of the filtering bleb is a main cause of filtering surgical failure in glaucoma.It has been reposed that tetrandrine could suppress the proliferation of cultured human fibroblast of Tenons capsule in vitro and thus has the potential effect to prevent scarring after the filtering surgery. Objective Present study was to investigate the anti-cicatricial effect of tetrandrine drug delivery system(Tet DDS)during filtration surgery. Methods Filtration surgery was performed in bilateral eyes of 18 New Zealand white rabbits.The Tet DDS with 0.3 mg Tet,0.2 mg Tet or free-Tet were implanted subcunjunctially during the surgery.The filtering blebs were scored in 1 day,4,7,10,14 days after referring to the corneal thickness and bleb range under the slit-lamp biomicroscopy.The morphology of filtering bleb was assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy in 7 and 14 days after operation.The filtering bleb specimen was prepared in 7 and 14 days for the histopathological examination. Results The filtering bleb scores in Tet DDS implantation groups were significantly higher than those in free-Tet DDS group from 4 days through 14 days after trabeculectomy(P＜0.01),and the scores showed a considerably increase in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group compared with 0.2 mg Tet DDS group from 7 days through 14 days after trabeculectomy(P＜0.05).The filtering blebs of Tet DDS implantation groups were found with distinct subepithelial cystic spaces under the light microscopy and in vivo confocal microscopy on the 7th day and 14th day after surgery.Compared with free-Tet DDS group,the numbers of subepithelial mierocysts were much more(P＜0.01)and the area of microcysts was larger(P＜0.01)in Tet DDS group.The filtering tissue presented with more subepithelial microcysts and larger microcysts range in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group than 0.2 mg Tet DDS group in 7 and 14 days after operation(P＜0.05).The inflammatory cell infiltration wag milder in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group in comparison with 0.2 mg Tet DDS group and free-Ted DDS group.Conclusion Tet DDS has strong inhibitory effects on inflammatory cells activity and fibroblagt activity the early stage after filtering surgery and therefore improve the surgery success rate.

Factor IX ; genetics ; Hemophilia B ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation

Objective To investigate the ex pr ession of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and carcinoembryanic antigen (CEA) and its clinical significance in patients with lung cancer. Meth ods The pre-treatment serum from 134 patients with lung cancer from 1998 to 2002 were analyzed for the SCC-Ag level and CEA level by IMX, and the correlation of the SCC-Ag level and CEA level with the clinicopathologic charac teristics were also detected. Results Significant correlations were found between the pre -treatment SCC-Ag level, and CEA level and the pathologic classification, clin ical stage, the positive rate of diagnosing lung cancer was raised by combined a ssay with serum SCC-Ag and CEA. Conclusion Pre-treatment and after-treatment measurement of serum SCC-Ag level and CEA level can be used for diagnosis, prediction of pr ognosis and monitor of after-treatment recurrence in patients with lung cancer.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy between eccentric fixation and internal fixation for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of femur,to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of the treatment method of the intertrochanteric fractures of femur.

METHODSFrom February 2007 to January 2010,82 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were treated by internal fixation including 39 cases of eccentric fixation involving 23 males and 6 females, aged from 41 to 81 years old with an average of (62.68±10.69), using the DHS or proximal femoral locking plate; 43 cases of intramedullary fixation involving 15 males, 28 females,aged from 43 to 78 years old with an average of (62.60±8.37),using PFN or PFNA fixed. The surgical incision length, operative time, blood loss and postoperative Harris score between two groups were compared.

RESULTSThe wound of two groups were primary healing without operative complications. All cases received follow-up for an average time of 18.3 months (12 to 28 months). The incision length, operative time and blood loss had a statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Harris scores of hip joint function at 1 month after operation had statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05), and Harris scores at 12 months after operation had no statistical significance difference between two groups. The rate of excellent and good was 89.7% in eccentric fixation group and 90.7% in intramedullary fixation group,the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.0613, P>0.05). In eccentric fixation group, there was 1 case of fracture nonunion with DHS loose and ensuing hip varus deformity. In intramedullary nail fixation group, there was no anti-rotation out,distal intramedullary nail of femoral refracture occurred in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONTwo treatment methods for the treatment of femoral fractures had a good therapeutic effect,but the intramedullary fixation had shorter operative time and less blood loss than the eccentric fixation,it prior to apply to osteoporosis and unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time

Objective:To investigate the status of professional identity among student nurses and explore its influential factors.Methods:A total of 1,302 student nurses from 3 universities of different levels in Shaanxi Province were selected using stratified and cluster random sampling method and investigated by adopting Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students (PIQNS).Results:Student nurses in Shaanxi Province scored (57.56 ± 12.55) in professional identity,of which the lowest was independence of career choice in the 5 dimensions.It showed that educational status,gender,and the reasons to choose nursing specialty correlated to student nurses' professional identity (P ＜0.05).Conclusions:The professional identity of student nurses especially for the undergraduate nurses is not high,which should cause the attention of the nursing educators and nursing managers to stabilize nursing team.

0.05). The interobserver variability in DSCT measurements was lower than in RT-3DE measurements in indexed left atrial volume and function. Conclusion DSCT can provide not only the information of coronary artery,but also highly reliable measurements of left atrial phasic volume and function at the same time.

Objective To optimize the preparation process for Fangji Huangqi Granules. Methods With the extraction rates of tetrandrine, fanchinoline, astragaloside Ⅳand solid as the parameters, the extract conditions of Fangji Huangqi Granules were optimized by orthogonal design . Then the anti-inflammation effect of the extracts was observed on the mice and rats. Results The optimal preparation process was as follows:the mixture of medical materials was firstly refluxed twice with total 10 times of 70 %alcohol,1.5 hours for each time, and then extracted twice with total 12 times of boiling water ,1.5 hours for each time. The anti-inflammation effect of the extracts was obvious on the mice and rats. Conclusion The optimal preparation process is reasonable and with high extraction rate of active components.

Objective To evaluate the status of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) in Huai'an City in 2011 and to provide a scientific basis for adopting target prevention strategies timely and adjusting the intervention policy scientifically.Methods According to The National Project of Surveillance on IDD,probability sampling method (PPS) was used to select 30 counties in Huai'an City,and one primary school was selected randomly from each county,then 40 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school.Children's thyroids were examined by palpation and the iodine in salt samples collected in their home was tested by direct titration.At the same time,urine samples from 12 children of the 40 selected children were collected and urinary iodine was tested by As(Ⅲ)-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Questionnaire survey of IDD was conducted among 30 students of grade 5 and 5 housewives around that school.Results A total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were examined,and the goiter rate was 1.3％(15/1200).All the goiters were level Ⅰ.The goiters of each age group was 0.8％(3/390),1.8％(7/390) and 1.3％(5/420),respectively.The 360 urine samples were collected from children aged 8-10,and the median of urinary iodine was 171.5 μg/L with the proportions of ＜ 20 μg/L,＜ 50 μg/L and ＜ 100 μg/L were 0(0/360),1.1％ (4/360) and 5.6％ (20/360),respectively.A total of 1200 salt samples were tested in children's family.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.4％ (1193/1200) and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.7％ (1165/1193).The consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.1％(1165/1200),and non iodized salt rate was 0.6％(7/1200).The knowledge rates of IDD were 82.7％ (2234/2700) and 69.8％ (314/450) in 900 students and 150 housewives,respectively.Conclusions In Huai'an City,except the knowledge rate of IDD,the goiter rate and urinary iodine of children aged 8-10,iodized salt consumption maintain at the stage of the target level.In addition to strengthen the monitoring of iodized salt and to supply qualified iodized salt,it should also increase the focus on health education propaganda in the future.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different doses of propofol or isoflurane on the cochlear blood flow (CBF) in guinea pigs.Methods Fifty-four adult male guinea pigs,aged 3 months,weighing 400-500 g,were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =9 each).In P1,P2 and P3 groups,propofol was infused for 115 min at 10,20 and 40 mg· kg-1 · h-1,respectively,after a loading dose of 5 mg/kg was injected over 5 min.In S1,S2 and S3 groups,isoflurane was inhaled for 120 min with end-tidal concentrations of 1％,2％ and 3 ％,respectively.Mean arterial pressure and CBF were recorded before administration (baseline,T1) and during the period of drug administration.Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) was measured at T1,at the end of administration (T2) and 1 h after administration (T3).Five animals in each group were sacrificed and organs of Corti were harvested for observation of morphology of out hair cells by scanning electron microscopy.Results Propofol decreased MAP and increased CBF and DPOAE amplitude in a dose-dependent manner.Isoflurane decreased MAP and CBF in a dose-dependent manner.1％ isoflurane increased DPOAE amplitude,however,2％ and 3％ isoflurane decreased it and caused damage to out hair cells.Conclusion Propofol induces an increase in CBF in guinea pigs,while high concentration of isoflurane induces a decrease in CBF.Isoflurane inhibits CBF autoregulation,which makes CBF more sensitive to perfusion pressure,thus causing damage to hearing function.This is the reason why high concentration of isoflurane induces a decrease in CBF.