The risk factors of Clostridium difficile infections increased in recent years , such as the underlying disease, hospitalization duration, age, the use of antibiotics, the use of proton pump inhibitors and so on.The rate of Clostridium difficile infection and recurrence are still high despite the appear of new antibiotics such as rifaximin, nitazoxanide, tigecycline, ramoplanin, fidaxomicin, and non-antimicrobial such as drugs toxin neutralizer chamber , biological therapeutic agents , fecal transplantation , systemic antibody method , intravenous immunoglobulin and so on.The vaccine is the most ideal way of prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection.The research in Clostridium difficile vaccine lasted for nearly 20 years.Except the monoclonal antibody vaccine and toxoid vaccine against toxin A and toxin B have achieved better results in the human , some recombinant vaccines against the toxin receptor and the key pathogenic factor of Clostridium difficile also achieved good effect in animal.

The salivary glands were exposed and isolated from the larvae of Simulium quinquestriatum and stained in carbol fuchsin, squashed between slide and coverslide. Slides were examined and photographed under microscope to measure the polytene chromosomes. Systematic analysis was made. Results indicated that the number of the polytene chromosomes of both isolates is three. The main characteristic chromosomal structures are homologized. Only the banding types of ⅡL are different.

Medical bilingual teaching method is a developing teaching form recently.And bilingual teaching method in Laboratory Diagnosis is one of the reforms to meet the present challenge.At present,it has no uniform mode.In this paper the understanding of the objective of Laboratory Diagnosis and the strategies in the Bilingual teaching are discussed.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for determination of triamcinolone acetonide(TA), diphenhydramine hydrochloride(DH) and miconazole nitrate(MN) in compound miconazole nitrate cream(MNC). METHODS: The determination was performed on Hypersil ODS2. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-acetonitrile-0.5% ammonium acetate (45∶35∶20) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1. The UV detection wavelength was 234 nm; the column temperature was 40 ℃ and the inject volume was 20 ?L. RESULTS: The linear ranges for MN, TA and DH were 0.16～0.64 (r=0.999 8), 0.02～0.06 (r=0.999 9) and 0.08～0.24 (r=0.999 2) mg?L-1 respectively, with their average recoveries at 100.0%, 99.6% and 100.7%, RSD at 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.9%(n=3) respectively. CONCLUSION: The HPLC method can be used for the simultaneous determination of the three constituents in CMNC.

Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; K562 Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; adverse effects ; methods ; trends

[Summary] The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocyte of the patient with thyroid hormone resistance syndrome and 14 members of his family.The exons 1-10 of thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) gene were amplified by PCR.The products of PCR were sequenced directly to detect the gene mutation.The results showed that 3 members of this family were confirmed to have the C→T transition mutation at nucleotide 1 303 site within exon 10 of TRβ gene,and the missense mutation results in the substitution of histidine to tyrosine (H435Y).The heterozygous mutation may lead to the occurrence of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic efficacy of Dangfei Liganning Tablet (DLT) in the treatment of antipsychotics induced mild hepatic damage.

METHODSTotally 80 mental inpatients with antipsychotics induced mild liver injury were randomly assigned to two groups, the treatment group (40 cases) and the control group (40 cases). Patients in the treatment group took DLT, two tablets each time, three times per day, while those in the control group took Liver-protecting Tablet (LT), four tablets each time, three times per day. The treatment course was 4 weeks for all. Changes of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (AST) were observed before treatment, week 1, 2, and 4 after treatment. The therapeutic efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the former time point, ALT and AST gradually decreased in the two groups at week 1, 2, and 4 (P <0. 05). The cured rate was 72. 5% and the total effective rate was 97. 5% in the treatment group. They were 62. 5% and 90. 0% respectively in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the two indices between the two group (P >0.05). No obvious adverse reaction occurred in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONDLT could treat antipsychotics induced mild hepatic damage in a safe and effective way.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Antipsychotic Agents ; adverse effects ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Tablets ; therapeutic use

Cardiomyopathies ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Child ; Humans

Objective To investigate the difference in ocular surface microbiota between dry eye patients and healthy subjects,and discuss the role of microbiota in dry eye.Methods Twenty cases of dry eye patients and 90 cases of healthy subjects were collected in the PLA General Hospital and Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center.The samples of conjunctiva impression cytology were collected from all subjects,and then metagenomic shotgun sequencing was performed following the DNA extraction.The differences in alpha diversity and metabolic pathways of the ocular surface microbiota between dry eye patients and healthy subjects were evaluated.Results There was no significant difference in alpha diversity of the microbial community between dry eye patients and healthy subjects (P =0.13).However,an increase of 15 species and a decrease of 10 species were detected on the ocular surface of dry eye patients.The enriched antibiotic resistance genes in dry eye patients were more than healthy subjects.Conclusion Although the alpha diversity of the microbial community on ocular surface between dry eye patients and healthy subjects are not distinguishable,a significant difference could be found in relative abundance and metabolic pathways,suggest that these specific microbiome may be related to the pathogenesis and disease progression of dry eye.