Objective:To evaluate the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of non-public hospitals in China to provide references for improving efficiency of non-public hospitals with the comparison with the differences among different non-public hospitals with different types.Methods:Input and output data of 160 non-public hospitals in 2014 were collected;C2R and BC2 models were adopted to evaluate the annual total efficiency,technique efficiency and scale efficiency.Results:There were 16 total efficient hospitals(10.00％),41 technical efficiency hospitals(25.63％) and 20 scale efficiency(12.50％),43 at IRS stage,99 at DRS stage.Conclusion:The overall efficiency of non-public hospitals was low relatively and most of them were lower than public hospitals at same level.Scale was an important factor affecting the efficiency of non-public hospitals.

Objective:To put forward some suggestions by comparing the current situation in both private and public hospitals. Methods:Comparing the basic information, scale, human resource and medical service management situation between the private and public hospitals by analyzing the 2014 Beijing health authorities report. Results:There are 355 private hospitals, 76. 1% of them are not rated and 59. 7% are not appointed for the medical insur-ance, and 82. 8% need to rent the land. Although the number of private hospitals is more than that of the public ones, their actual beds and health resources respectively account for only 20. 2% and 16. 4%. Besides, their in-come, assets and services also account for only about 10%. Conclusions:There is a big gap between the private and public hospitals in terms of scale, human resources and service ability. The Government should implement the policy about the ratings, medical insurance and the use of land which is given to support the private hospitals, and speed up the diversified medical model.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Pingxiao capsules in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Methods:Totally 240 patients with benign thyroid nodules were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group with 120 ones in each. The control group received levothyroxine at low dose, the treatment group received Pingxiao capsules, and the treatment course was 3 months. The type B ultrasonic inspection and lab inspection ( for thyroid hormones and blood lipid) were carried out, the cura-tive effect was compared and the adverse reactions were recorded as well. Results:Three patients in the treatment group and five ones in the control group were lost during the follow-up. After the treatment, the max diameter of thyroid nodule and the thyroid volume de-creased in both groups (P<0. 05), and those in the treatment group were smaller than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The levels of TSH and TC in the control group decreased after the treatment, which were significantly lower than those in the treatment group (P<0. 05). The total effective rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of ad-verse reactions was lower than that in the control group, and both had significant differences between the groups (P<0. 05). Conclu-sion:Pingxiao capsules are effective and safe in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules.

As a new type of treatment for ovarian cancer,the fertility sparing surgery is put forward for patients who has fertility requirements and the surgical indication.But the indications and safety are still controversial at present on the international.The operation is based on the traditional surgery way,the retention of the uterus and at least one side of the ovary,and then the corresponding adjuvant chemotherapy and ovarian protection,and choosing the right pregnancy timing based on individual difference,to the excellent oncologic outcomes and the favorable reproductive outcomes.

PurposeTo explore the application of ultrasonography-guided core needle biopsy (US-CNB) in diagnosis of breast phyllodes tumor, in order to provide a reliable basis for operation selection, and to improve prognosis.Materials and MethodsFifty-seven patients with diagnosed or suspected phyllodes tumor of the breast (PTB) were retrospectively studied. Ultrasound results and US-CNB biopsy data were compared with surgical pathology results.ResultsFor all the 57 cases of PTB, US-CNB revealed 46 benign cases, 8 cases of suspected borderline PTB, and 3 cases of mesenchymal malignant tumors. The postoperative pathological diagnosis of all the patients included 48 cases of benign tumors, 6 cases of borderline tumors, and 3 cases of malignant tumors. Compared with the postoperative pathology, US-CNB had sensitivity of 95.83%, speciifcity of 100.00%, the coincidence rate of 96.49%, the misdiagnosis rate of 4.17%, and misdiagnosis rate of 0%. The Youden's index was 0.96, andKappa was 0.8345. ConclusionUS-CNB has high sensitivity, speciifcity and coincidence rate in diagnosis of PTB.

Objective To explore the effect of linraglutide on expressions of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells (RGMCs) stimulated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).Methods Cultured HBZY21 RGMCs were divided into 6 groups:normal control cells,TNF-α stimulated cells,liraglutide low (10 nmol/L),median (100 nmol/L) and high (1000 nmol/L) concentration incubated cells stimulated with TNF-α,PDTC intervention cells.The expressions of PAI-1 and ICAM-1 of each group were measured by ELISA and RT-PCR.Results The levels of PAI-1 and ICAM-1 protein and mRNA were remarkably increased by TNF-α (P＜0.05),and liraglutide could inhibit above up-regulated expressions (all P＜0.05).Compared with TNF-α-stimulated group,the expressions of PAI-1 and ICAM-1 were decreased by PDTC intervention (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Liraglutide can partly down-regulate the expressions of PAI-1 and ICAM-1 induced by TNF-α in RGMCs.

Objective To investigate the genetic damage of dust storm fine particles on human blood lymphocytes. Methods The chromosomal aberration test and cytochalasin B blocked test were used to investigate the effect in vitro of dust storm fine particles (PM2.5) (0, 33, 100, 300 ?g/ml)collected in Baotou and Wuwei cities on human lymphocytes. Results In both dust storm and normal ambient air fine particles treated cells revealed an increase in the chromosomal aberration level and micronuclei frequency (MNF). The chromosomal aberration(CA)were characterized as chromatid break, chromosome break, acentric fragment, dicentric chromosome and gaps. With the increase of treatment concentrations the aberration level and MNF increased and the mitotic index(MI) and the nuclear division index (NDI) values declined in a dose-response manner(P0.05). The treatments of normal ambient air PM2.5 from Baotou City were significant higher than those of Wuwei City, but the treatments of dust storm PM2.5 were not significant different between the cities. Conclusion Dust storm PM2.5 from Baotou City and Wuwei City may cause human lymphocytes genetic damage and its genetic toxicity is related to the dose.

Objective To study lexicological effects of sulfur dioxide (SO2) on reproductive system of male mammals. Methods After dynamic 7-day inhalation of SO2 at various concentrations, such as (22

AIM:To probe into the toxicological mechanism of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and its derivatives on cardiovascular system.METHODS: Effects of tea polyphenols (TP) on the increase in sodium current (INa) induced by SO2 derivatives in the cardiomyocytes were studied using the whole cell patch-clamp technique.RESULTS: ① The increase in INa induced by SO2 derivatives was inhibited by treating the cells with TP at different concentrations (10, 20 or 50 mg/L) in a dose dependent manner. At concentration of 50 mg/L, TP completely inhibited the increase in INa by SO2 derivatives. ② SO2 derivatives led to shift left of the activation curve. After application of TP at dose of 50 mg/L, the curve showed resumed significantly. ③ TP changed the inactivation process significantly. Before and after the application of SO2 derivatives, the half-inactivation voltage of INa was -(71.94?0.23) mV and -(65.79?0.69) mV (n=8, P0.05).CONCLUSION: TP inhibits the incremental effects of SO2 derivatives on INa, suggesting that the toxicity of SO2 on cardiomyocytes of rat is induced by free radical.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for determination of ganciclovir in serum of dogs and to study pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of Ganciclovir dispersible tablets.METHODS:The determination was performed on Dikma DiamonsilTM C18 column.The mobile phase consisted of 0.015 mol?mL-1 monobasic potassium phosphate buffer solution (pH 2.50,containing 0.25% acetonitrile) with flow rate of 1.75 mL?min-1 at detection wavelength of 254 nm.The column temperature was set at 40 ℃.In a randomized cross-over study,a single dose of dispersible tablets and the capsule were given to 6 dogs.An HPLC method was used to determine plasma concentration of ganciclovir in dogs and the pharmacokinetic data were treated by DASver1.0 software.RESULTS:The linear range of ganciclovir were 0.050 25～100.5 ?g?mL-1;the methodological recovery was larger than 90% (RSD