Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Batroxobin ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To study the molecular biology of rifampin-depending M. Tuberculosis. Methods The seguence (a 319-bp DNA fragment) of rpoB gene were analyzed by automated DNA sequencing machine. (2) The fingerprints of genomic DNA were obtained by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting. (3)The protein electrophoresis of bacterium by SDS-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAG).(4) The cases of pulmonary tuberculosis by rifampin-depending strains were retrospectively analyzed. Results (1) rpoB gene sequenced: The point mutationrate of rifampin-depending strainswas 96.7%(29/30) and that of rifampin-residtant strains 81.1%(30/37), P

Objective To explore the effect of osthole on mast cells and expression of STAT5 gene and protein in them. Methods Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was made in mice to copy eczema model, then the allergic mast cells were separated, and the ovalbumin was used to induce allergy of mast cells. Different concentrations of osthole were used to intervene the sensitized mast cells.Then the sensitized mast cells were divided into blank control group, osthole high-dose group and low-dose group.At the end of the experiment, morphology of the mast cells was detected by immunofluorescence technology.MTT assay was used to detect the influence of drugs on mast cells proliferation. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of STAT5 gene and protein. Results As compared with blank control group, the number of mast cells in the osthole groups was significantly reduced, cells and nuclei obviously shrank, even apoptosis of some cells could be observed; the inhibition rate of mast cells in osthole groups was significantly increased in concentration-dependent manner ( P<0. 01 ) . As compared with blank control group (2.16±0.57), gene expression of STAT5 was significantly decreased in osthole high-dose group (0.59±0.12) and low-dose group (0.82±0.13) (P<0.01).The protein expression of STAT5 was also significantly decreased in osthole high-dose group and low-dose group as compared with blank control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Osthole can inhibit the proliferation of sensitized mast cells, and reduce the expression of STAT5 gene and protein.

Objective To study the effect of astrocyte on synapse formation and the molecular mechanism. Methods Cortical astrocytes were isolated and purified from neonatal rats.On the 2h,7th day,14th day and 21th day after passage,we counted the number of astrocytes and the culture medium(astrocyte-conditioned medium,ACM)was harvested to measure the concentration of estrogen(E 2)by using ELISA techniques.Based on the model of pure culures of neonatal cortical neurons,the experimental groups were designed as follows:1.pure neuron cultures(group N);2.ACM cultures(group A);3.mixed cultures(group M);4.E 2 cultures(group E 2);5.ACM+Tamoxifen(estrogen receptor antagonist)cultures(group A+T);6.Tamoxifen cultures(group T).Then synaptic puncta in every group was stained and counted through immunofluorescence,and we also compared the differences in puncta number among those six groups(at 9th day in culture,number/per neuron). Results The numbers of astrocytes were:1?10 4/ml, 1.1?10 6/ml, 1.4?10 6/ml, 1.5?10 6/ml; The concentrations of E 2 were:(ng/L):0, 117?22, 266?22,252?27 respectively.No estrogen was detected in the primary culture medium.The concenteration of estrogen increased in correspondence with the culturing days and reached the peak around at the 14th day, then decreased gradually but kept at a certain high level,and the numbers of synaptic puncta of per neuron in group N,A,M,E 2,A+T,T were:14?3;79?5;83?8;80?6;32?3;29?3 respectively.The treatment of pure neuron culture with ACM increased the number of synapses on per neuron by up to 6 fold by comparison with pure neuronal culture.Exogenic estradiol added into pure neurons can mimick the effect of the ACM.Tamoxifen which is antagonist of estrogen receptor could decrease the effect of ACM by 75%.Conclusion The astrocytes of neonatal rat cortex do secrete E 2.Astrocyte-derived estrogen may be the molecule regulating the synaptic formation through estrogen receptors.

In this paper, an analysis was made on the varieties and standards of labiatae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine. The results showed 71 species of labiatae plants in 21 genera (including varieties) recorded in relevant literatures, involving 44 varieties of medicinal materials. Specifically, seven species (9.9%) were intersected with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), 19 varieties (43%) were recorded in Chinese medicinal material standards at all levels, and 27 species (38%) were source plants. In Tibetan medicine standards and literatures, there are great differences between Tibetan names and translated Chinese names and among varieties of source plants. Apart from a few of varieties intersected with traditional Chinese medicines had complete standards and regulations in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, most of species only had characters, microscopic, physical and chemical identifications in Standards Issued by Ministry of Health-Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Medicine Standard and local standards. Therefore, the Tibetan medicinal material variety-source specification and quality standard system shall be promoted on the basis of literatures research, investigations for resources and current applications and modern pharmaceutical studies.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; standards ; Phytotherapy ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification

Objective To evaluate the effects of probioties on inflammation,intestinal flora and mucosal tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?)expression in experimental colitis rats.Methods Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group(NC),model control group(UC),and pro- biotics treatment group(PC).The experimental colitis were induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonie acid (TNBS)/ethanol enema.Rats in PC group were fed with Bifico[live probiotics of combined bifidobacte- rium(Bif),lactobacillus (Lac) and enterococcus]by 2.2?10~9 colony-forming unit (CFU)/d for 4 weeks.Inflammatory scores and mucosal morphological changes under light microscopy were studied. Plasma endotoxin levels,expressions of TNF-?and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in mueosa were measured. Enteric microorganisms in cecum were fostered with standard methods.Results Inflammatory scores in PC group decreased compared with those in UC group(7.94?0.85 vs 10.25?1.36,P＜0.05),but still higher than those in NC group(7.94?0.85 vs 4.35?0.88,P＜0.01).There was a significant alteration in the enteric microbial flora,Bif and Lac were decreased significantly in UC group,Bifico supplement ameliorated this imbalance.Plasma endotoxin and mucosal TNF-?levels in PC were lower than those in UC group[endotoxin:(93.33?21.22)pg/ml vs (121.25?39.07)pg/ml;TNF-?:67.51?14.63 vs 85.99?18.17,P＜0.05],but higher than those in NC group[endotoxin:(93.33?21.22) pg/ml vs(35.20?15.12)pg/ml;TNF+?:67.51?14.63 vs 43.28 4?19.98,P＜0.01].There was no statistically significant difference in mucosal IL-6 levels between PC group and UC group,though its level in PC group was lower than that in UC group(155.22?34.01 vs 184.09?29.11,P＞0.05),but higher than that in NC group(155.22?34.01 vs 108.73?37.35,P＜0.01).Conclusions Probiotics can attenuate inflammation of experimental colitis of rats through reinstituting gut flora bal- anee.Improving gut flora imbalance,reducing endotoxin and pro-inflammatory cytokines may be the effects of probiotics.

Objective To investigate the protein and mRNA expressions of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on colons of rats with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)- induced colitis,and to evaluate the effects of probiotics.Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group),model control group(UC group) and probiotics-treated group(PC group).The experimental colitis was induced by TNBS/ethanol enema.Rats in PC group were fed with Bifico [live probiotics of combined hifidobacterium(Bif),lactobaeillus(Lac) and enteroeoccus] by 2.2?10~9 CFU/d for 4 weeks.Inflammatory scores were studied.Expressions of protein and mRNA of TLR2 and TLR4 were measured by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR),respectively.Results Inflammatory scores in NC group,UC group and PC group were 4.35?0.88,10.25?1.36 and 7.94?0.85,respectively.The inflammatory scores in PC group were decreased compared with that in UC group (P

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the application value of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ)for evaluating small focal liver lesions.Methods Seventy-seven patients with 89 small focal liver lesions,whose largest diameter were less than or equal to 3 cm were evaluated with VTQ.The shcar wave velocity (SWV) of the tumor and background liver parenchyma were calculated,and their results were compared with those of 40 healthy subjects.Statistical analysis was performed on the SWV for the differentiation of normal liver,background liver parenchyma and lesions.The cut-off point for SWV was obtained by using ROC curve analysis which was used to predict malignancy lesions.Results The SWV of malignant lesions was significantly higher than that of benign ones [(2.56-± 0.67) m/s vs (1.70 ± 0.55) m/s,P =0.000].The SWV of metastatic liver carcinoma which came from lung cancer and breast cancer were higher than that of gastrointestinal tract cancer transfers (P =0.000).Based on 1.93 m/s as the cut-off point of SWV value,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value for diagnosing malignancies were 82.0 ％,84.6％,83.15 ％,87.23 ％ and 78.57 ％ respectively.Conclusions VTQ technique can help the differential diagnosis of small focal liver lesions.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML). Methods The clinical data of 14 patients with hepatic angiomyolipoma admitted in our hospital from 1989 to 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Result There were 4 male patients and 10 female patients. Median age was 41 years old. The lesions located in right lobe in 8 patients, and in left lobe in 6 patients. B-US was taken in 12 patients before operation, and other examinations included CT in 8 patients, MRI in 7 patients and angiography in 2 patients. Five patients were diagnosed with HAML by imagine features. Fine needle biopsy was taken in 1 patient with no definite diagnosis. All patients underwent resection and got the histopathologic diagnosis with HAML. All specimens were HMB-45 positive. S-100 and SMA were tested in 7 and 6 patients respectively, and were positive in all those patients. All cases were followed up for 6 months to 18 years (median time was 3 years). 13 patients were still alive without recurrence and 1 patient died of postoperative DIC and heart failure. Conclusion There was marked female predominance in HAML. Imaging features are helpful for preoperative diagnosis of HAML, but correct diagnosis was achieved in only a fraction of patients. HMB-45 positive was definitive proof for histopathologic diagnosis of HAML. Hepatectomy was an effective treatment for HAML.