Abstract?AIM:To evaluate the effect of combined glaucoma and cataract surgery on the function of eye surface and tear film.?METHODS:This clinical trial involved 75 patients ( 75 eyes ) with glaucoma complicated with cataract undergoing combined glaucoma and cataract surgery.All the eyes were divided into surgical group ( the eyes undergoing operation ) and control group ( the other eyes).The symptoms and signs of dry eye disease, Schirmer's I test, break -up time ( BUT ) , corneal fluorescein staining were tested and marked 1mo after operation.Comparison of the results was made between two groups.?RESULTS:The average intraocular pressure was 16.25± 0.46mmHg at 1mo after operation, compared with 45.29± 4.39mmHg at 3d before surgery, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ).Preoperative average visual acuity was 0.08±0.06, corrected visual acuity was<0.05 in 23 eyes,≥0.05 to<0.1 in 16 eyes,≥0.1 to<0.3 in 36 eyes.Postoperatively 1mo, corrected visual acuity:<0. 05 for 7 eyes (9%),≥0.05 to <0.1 for 11 eyes (15%), ≥0.1 to<0.3 for 38 eyes (51%), ≥0.3 to <0.5 for 11 eyes (15%) , ≥0.5 for 8 eyes (11%), postoperative visual acuity was 0.15 ±0.1, which was significantly higher than before surgeries ( P<0.05).The postoperative dry eye symptoms of surgical group was higher, compared with that of control group, and the differences of diagnosis of dry eye test indicators between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).? CONCLUSION: Combined cataract and glaucoma surgery may affect postoperative ocular surface and tear film function, make the tear film stability damaged and lead to dry eye disease.

Objective To investigate the isolation and antimicrobial resistance of hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.Methods The cultured bacteria were identified by API 20NE system.The susceptibilities of bacteria were detected by disk diffusion method and the results were confirmed with the rules of NCCLS/CLSI.The hypermutable strains were identified byhigh concentration of rifampin-resistant growth assay.Results Among analyzed 100 strains,37 strains(37.0%) were hypermutable.The resistant rates of hypermutable strains to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/tazobactam,ceftazidime,cephfime,aztreonam,amikacin and ciprofloxacin were significantly higher than those of non-hypermutable strains.The multidrug resistance rates of hypermutable strains were also higher than those of non-hypermutable strains.Conclusion The hypermutable strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sourced from chronic respiratory tract infections dominantly.The hypermutable strains were hyper-resistant and multidrug resistant to many antibiotics,so strengthened monitoring should be encouraged to control the prevalence of hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharynx ; pathology ; Pyriform Sinus ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; surgery

Objective To study the expression of Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and caspase-3 in the intestine of premature rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),and to explore the protective effects and possible regulatory mechanism of glutamine (Gln) in the NEC.Methods Sixty premature rats (gestational age 21 d) were divided into three groups (n = 20 each) according to the random number table: control group,model group and Gln intervention group.Rats in model group were given formula feeding,hypoxia and cold stress.Rats in Gln intervention group were given Gln 0.3 g/kg to the formula feeding,hypoxia and cold stress.All the premature rats were sacrificed and the intestine tissues were obtained on the third day after birth.The histological changes of ileal tissues were scored after HE staining.The expression of TLR-2 and caspase-3 in jejunum,ileum and colon were detected by inmunohistochemistry,and the expression of TLR-2 mRNA in jejunum,ileum and colon were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results Pathology score of ileum in model group,Gln intervention group and control group were 3.10 ±0.99,2.40 ± 0.69 and 0.30 ±0.48,respectively.The expressions of TLR-2 protein in ileum were 2.53±0.94,2.15±0.82 and 1.57 ± 0.62 in the three groups respectively,and the expression of caspase-3 protein were 2.83 ± 0.45,2.70 ± 0.04 and 0.91 ± 0.29.The content of TLR2 mRNA in model group was 1.46 times higher than that of Gln intervention group and was 2.10 times higher than that of control group.Compared with the control group,the pathology score,expression of TLR-2 and caspase-3 protein,and TLR-2 mRNA in model group were significantly higher,P＜0.01.However,compared with the model group,those changes were improved in Gln intervention group,P＜0.05.Expression of TLR-2 mRNA positively correlated to the expression of caspase-3 protein (r=0.71,P＜0.01) and pathology score (r = 0.69,P＜ 0.01).Expression of caspase-3 protein positively correlated to the intestine injury pathology score (r=0.81,P＜0.01).Conclusions TLR-2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of NEC.Gln might reduce the expression of TLR-2 in the intestine,and decrease the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells to protect the intestine of preterm birth rats.

Objective To investigate the induction of tolerant dendritic cells(DOs)and its mechanism in mice.Methods The dendritic cell line derived from C57BL/6 mouse.DO2.4 cells were co-cultured with TGF-?_1(20 ng/ml)to induce the tolerant DCs(TGF?-DC)and stimulated wihh li- popolysaccharide(LPS)for 48 h to induce the mature DCs(LPS-DC).Special small interference RNA molecule(siRNA)of PIR-B was chemically synthesized and was transfected into TGF?-DC by lip2000 (si-DC).The expression of paired immunoglobin receptor A/B(PIR-A/B)in DC2.4 cells was mea- sured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry(FCM).The allogeneic stimulating capacity of DCs was measured by mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)using ~3H-thymidine incorporation test with the Balb/c spleen cells as reaction cells.The concentration of IFN-?in supernatants of MLR from dis- tinct groups was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results TGF-?_1 up-regula- ted the PIR-B mRNA expression and down-regulated the PIR-A mRNA expression(P

AIM: To discuss the safety of hands chopping phacoemulsification in patients with microcoria cataract.METHODS:Hands chopping phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was used for the microcoria cataract of 30 patients ( 32 eyes ) . Their visual acuity, pupil, and complication were observed in postoperative 1d,1wk and 1mo.
RESULTS: Postoperative naked vision be or more than 0. 3 were in 27 eyes (84. 4%) at one day, be or more than 0. 3 were in 30 eyes (93. 8%) at one week, be or more than 0. 5 were in 28 eyes (87. 5%) at one month. All pupil returned to round or oval. No synechia happened in postoperative 1mo.
CONCLUSION:Hands chopping nucleus operation is safe and effective for uveitis combined with microcoria phacoemulsification.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of resistance and ?-lactamases of Acinetobacter baumannii.METHODS The bacteria cultured were identified with API 20NE system.The susceptibilities of the bacteria were detected by disk diffusion method.The ?-lactamases produced by these strains were characterized by three-dimensional test and 2-mercaptopropionic acid inhibition assays.RESULTS In 150 strains,the resistant rates of strains were 4.0% to cefoperazone/sulbactam.The resistant rates to imipenem,meropenem,piperacillin/tazobactam,ampicillin/sulbactam and levofloxacin were between 20.0% and 55.0%.The resistant rates to ceftazidime,cefepime,aztreonam and amikacin were above 60.0%.Three-dimensional test showed that 37 strains(24.7%) produced extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs),66 strains(44.0%)produced AmpC enzymes and 16 strains(10.7%)produced carbapenemases,in which 12 strains(8.0%) produced metallo-?-lactamases.CONCLUSIONS The resistant rates of A.baumannii to routine antibiotics are high except cefoperazone/sulbactam and carbapenem.It is the most important reason for multi-drug resistance that the strains of A.baumannii produce ESBLs,AmpC enzymes and metallo-?-lactamases.

Objective To establish and evaluate three different necrotizing enterocolitis models,established by combination of formula feeding, hypoxia and cold exposure, hypoxia-reoxygenation, and intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in premature rats. Methods Group A was given formula feeding, hypoxia by exposing to 100% N2 for 90 s and 4 ℃ cold stress for 10 minutes, the hypoxia and cold stress were given twice a day for 2 d. Group B was put into 100% N2 for 5 min and then 100% O2for 5 min, twice a day for 3 d. Group C was injected intraperitoneally 5 mg/kg LPS. Group D, E and F were served as the corresponding controls for group A, B and C. Ileocecal junction, liver, kidney and lung tissues were harvested and evaluated by HE staining for histological analysis, histological changes of ileal tissues were scored, and rats with score higher than two were diagnosed with NEC. Results Premature rats in group A, B and C showed various degrees of decreasing activity, abdominal distention, diarrhea,intestinal dilatation and congestion. Histological score in group A to F were 3. 13 ± 0. 64, 1.40 ±0. 52,2. 00±0. 42,0. 30±0. 48, 0. 30±0. 48 and 0. 40±0. 52, respectively. There were significant differences between model groups and their corresponding control groups (P＜0. 01 ). Among the model groups, the histological score of group A was higher than group B (P＜0.01) and group C (P＜0.05). The incidences of NEC in group A, B and C were 6/8, 20% (5/10) and 4/8, respectively, while of zero in all control groups. Liver, kidney and lung injures were more serious in group C compared with the other groups.Conclusions Compared with the single-factor modeling approaches of intraperitoneal injection of LPS and hypoxiareoxygenation, the NEC animal model in preterm rats established by formula feeding, repeated hypoxia and cold exposure, is more similar to the etiological factors of neonatal NEC in human, with higher incidence, better reproducibility and specificity.

Objective To study the effect of fat emulsion intravenous infusion on serum free fatty acids(FFAs) in rats.Methods 24 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 3 groups,8 rats in each group.(1)Control group(NS),the rats were infused with normal saline intravenously and regular chow;(2)Group LCT,infused with 10% intralipid fat emulsion intravenously;(3)Group MCT/LCT,infused with 10% lipofundin fat emulsion. Group LCT and group MCT/LCT were continuously received equal calorie,nitrogen and volemin in 'All-in-One'solutions. Serum samples were drawn on the 8th day after PN for fatty acid determination. Results The FFAs in Group LCT and group MCT/LCT were remarkably higher than that in control group, but no difference between Group LCT and group MCT/LCT. Conclusions Fat emulsion intravenous infusion can increase the serum free fatty acids considerately.

Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; physiopathology ; virology ; Male ; Metapneumovirus ; isolation & purification ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; isolation & purification