Objective To study the effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3?(GSK-3?)and free radical on neuron apoptosis of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in newborn rats.Methods Eighty 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:normal group and hypoxic-ischemic(HI)group.Rats in HI group were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation,exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas in 37 ℃ closed container for 2.5 h.Rats in 2 groups were killed at 6 hours,24 hours,48 hours,72 hours,5 days after hypoxia respectively.The neuron apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The activity of GOD-PX and the contents of SOD and MDA were detected by spectrophotometry,the level of GSK-3? was mensurated by Enzyme-linked immumosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The rates of neuronal apoptosis in HI group were significantly higher than those in normal group at 6,24,48 and 72 hours after hypoxia,respectively(Pa

Objective: To analyze the role of frequency complemcntarities of vestibular tests including caloric test (CT),head shaking test(HST),and vibration test(VT) in the evaluation of vestibular function. Methods: Five hundreds and eightyfour patients with unilateral peripheral lesions were tested with CT, HST and VT in order to compare the frequency characteristic of abnormal vestibular function. Results: Of the 584 patients, 189 (32.36%), 283 (48.46%) and 368 (63.01%)cases showed vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN), head shaking nystagnms (HSN) and abnormal unilateral weakness (UW)respectively. There were 22 isolated VIN, 52 HSN and 145 cases of abnormal UW respectively. One hundred and fifty-nine (27.23%) cases had combination damage of two frequency bands, 101 (17.29%) had vestibular damage at all frequency bands,479 (82.02%) had abnormal results in any of the three tests, and 105 (17.98%) had no abnormality in all those three tests.Through consistency test, CT and HST (Kappa=0.106, P＜ 0.05), CT and VT(Kappa=0.068, P＜ 0.05), VT and HST (Kappa=0.321, P＜0.05) showed low consistency among them. VIN and HSN were more hkely to be evoked with the increasing of the UW (X'2VIN=22.686,X2HSN=23.023, P＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The vestibular damage in the patients with vertigo could reflect at isolated low, middle, high frequency or multi frequency bands. Thus, CT, HST and VT all make significant contributions to multiple-frequency analysis of vestibular function and show a well complementarities. So they can be used in evaluating the overall function of the vestibular and indicating a serious vestibular lesion if the damage affected multi frequency bands.

Dioscin, a typical saponin, is widely present in the family of Dioscoreaceae, Liliaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rosaceae, especially in Dioscoreaceae, including Discorea nipponica Makino, Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright and Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burkill. Traditional Chinese medicine reported that dioscin plays a role in expectorant, relaxing the muscles and stimulating the blood circulation, aiding digestion and diuresis. With the development of science and technology in recent years, some new extraction and separation techniques and methods have been applied to the study of dioscin, and more and more pharmacological effects were found. Modern pharmacology studies have confirmed that dioscin had some activities on desensitization, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, hepatoprotection and anti-viral. After oral administration, dioscin is metabolized to diosgenin, which is the true active ingredient and is an important raw material to synthesize steroid hormone drugs. Therefore, the studies on dioscin are valueable and promising. In this review, we make a summary on the researches of dioscin including the extraction technology, separation and prepara- tion, chemical synthesis, drug metabolism, determination and pharmacological researches.
Animals ; Biological Products ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Diosgenin ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Plant Extracts ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the reliability of autologous blood withdrawal during cesarean section. Methods Fifteen patients preoperatively diagnosed with pernicious placenta previa and∕or accrete by using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, aged 20-35 yr, weighing 55-75 kg, at≥36 weeks of gestation, were enrolled in the study. Blood containing amniotic fluid from the surgical field was collected, and the washed blood was processed using cell?salvage machine and then filtered using a leukocyte depletion filter during cesarean section. The 20 ml blood samples collected included maternal central venous blood after delivery of fetus, unwashed blood, washed blood and filtered blood. The fetal squamous cells were counted using papanicolaou staining. The concentrations of a?fetoprotein, tissue factor, endothelin?1 and histamine were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The fetal red blood cells were counted using the acid elution method and HE staining. Results Compared with unwashed samples, the tissue factor concentrations were significantly increased, and the fetal squamous cell count, concentrations of a?fetoprotein and endothelial?1, and fetal red blood cells were decreased in the washed samples. Compared with washed samples, the fetal squamous cell count, concentrations of a?fetoprotein and fetal red blood cells were significantly decreased in filtered samples. Compared with maternal venous blood samples, the tissue factor concentrations were significantly increased, and the fetal squamous cell count and concentrations of a?fetoprotein and endothelial?1 were decreased in filtered samples. Conclusion Autologous blood withdrawn during cesarean section can be used for reinfusion in cesarean section.

Objective:To study the influence of thrombus aspiration combined tirofiban on patients with acute ST seg-ment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:A total of 98 patients,who received primary PCI because of STEMI in our hospital from Jan 2012 to Mar 2013,were selected.They were divided into thrombus aspiration group (n=48,received pure thrombus aspiration)and com-bined treatment group (n = 50,received thrombus aspiration combined intracoronary tirofiban injection during PCI).Coronary angiography (CAG)instantly after PCI and follow-up condition during hospitalization and six months after discharge were compared between two groups.Results:(1)Compared with thrombus aspiration group after PCI,there were significant rise in TIMI blood flow grade [(2.3±0.6)grades vs.(2.7±0.3)grades],per-centage of TIMI flow grade 3 (72.9% vs.90.0%)and ST segment regression >50% rate within 90min after PCI (52.1% vs.74.0%),P < 0.05 or < 0.01,and significant reduction in percentage of postoperative no-reflow (18.8% vs.4.0%,P =0.038)in combined treatment group in hospital;(2)After six-month follow-up,left ven-tricular ejection fraction (LVEF)of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of thrombus aspi-ration group [(58±6.3)% vs.(51±5.6)%,P <0.05].Conclusion:Thrombus aspiration combined tirofiban can effectively reduce coronary thrombus burden and improve cardiac function in STEMI patients during primary PCI.

Abstract? AlM: To evaluate macular thickness and macular volume changes in people with diabetes mellitus but no significant decrease of visual acuity.?METHODS:A total of 87 eyes were collected in diabetic group. According to the international stage of diabetic retinopathy, these cases were divided into two subgroups:DR0 stage 54 eyes and DR1 stage 33 eyes. All the cases were received optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan in macular area;the scanning model is 512× 128; recording macular average thickness and macular volume, and compared with healthy subjects.? RESULTS: Macular average thickness and macular volume were higher in DR1 group than those in DR0 stage and control group, and differences were having statistical significance. But DR0 group and control group differences of the two indexes were not statistically significant.? CONCLUSlON: With the aggravation of diabetic retinopathy, the macular thickness tends to be thicken. Although without obvious visual loss, there have been slight morphological changes. Using OCT scan can find fundus changes earlier in patients with diabetes mellitus, and provide clinical basis for both early diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To understand the changes and possible mechanism of the blood brain barrier(BBB) permeability induced by tumor necrosis factor(TNF-?) in vitro.Methods BBB model was established by coculturing allogenic brain microvessel end othelial cell(BMEC) and astrocyte(AS).The BBB model was divided randomly into normal control group,TNF-? group and Y-27632 pretreatment group.The changes of BBB permeability were evaluated by Gamma radioim muno assay counter.Results The Gamma radioimmuno assay indicated that the marker,~(125)I-BSA,across the BBB model in vitro was significantly increased after TNF-? treatment compared with control group,Y-27632 pretreatmen could prevent the permeability of BBB induced by TNF-?(P

Objective To investigate the balance function of the knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and the clinical value about static fallindex test and dynamic fall index test for the patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods The osteoarthritis patients without knee pain (controlgroup, n=30) were tested with postural stability (PS), limits of stability (LOS), dynamic fall index (DFI) and static fall index (SFI). Theosteoarthritis patients with knee pain (treatment group, n=30) accepted 10 times of diclofenac diethylamine emulge imported by pulsed ultrasoundand 6 times of massage therapy. They were also tested with above four balance tests and Western Ontario and McMaster UniversitiesOsteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) before and after treatments. Results There was significant difference in overall of PS, anterior/posterior indexand medial lateral index (P<0.05) between the control group and the treatment group before treatments, and there was very significantdifference in time to complete LOS, overall of LOS and DFI (P<0.01); but there was no significant difference in SFI (P<0.05). There wassignificant difference in WOMAC scores, overall of PS, anterior/posterior index, time to complete LOS, overall of LOS and DFI (P<0.05) inthe treatment group before and after treatments, but there was no significant difference in medial lateral index and SFI (P<0.05). ConclusionCompared with osteoarthritis patients without knee pain, KOA patients with knee pain are in poorer balance function and greater fall risk.After effective treatments, the balance function and fall risk of the KOA patients may significantly improve. Compared with SFI test, theDFI test is more sensitive to the improvement of balance function of the KOA patients.

Objective To access the development of thoracic volume of pectus excavatum use of Nuss operation used CT-basedpulmonary volumetric evaluation.Methods 98 patients with pectus excavatum in Beijing Children's Hospital under Nuss operation were documented.All patients had CT scan pre-and postopration.The CT-scan's data were calculated as lung's volume by handdraw-layers summation method.The lung's volume result was compared,and enquiry the position in CT lung volume developmental scale.Results The lung's volume was elevated 28.3％ after operation.The development of thoracic volume was keep with age,70％ was maintained and 15％ was elevated.Conclusion Nuss operation can prevent the decrease of thoracic volume in pectus excavatum.

Some anti -scientific views on cancer treatment on network have serious adverse effects on some cancer patients:impacting the health promotion , patients′compliance , patients′positive psychology , patients′so-cial supports and people′s correct understanding to medical staff .And put forward the following two solutions to this effect:improve medical science website , improve the understanding of cancer prevention and control of masses , hired authoritative expert lectures on site or television , government , medical institutions and hospitals should ac-tively resist vulgar anti-science view , shoulder the moral responsibility .