Objective To evaluate the difference in isokinetic strength of the knee muscles between knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients aged 80 years and over and matched healthy controls,and to establish the association of isokinetic strength with pain and functional status in patients with KOA.Methods The study enrolled 32 patients aged 80 and over diagnosed with unilateral knee OA and 10 matched controls.Pain was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS),the pain intensity scale and the Lequesne index for patients with knee OA.Functional status was assessed by the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT),the Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST) and the Timed 10 Meter Walk Test (TWT).Muscle strength was measured using the isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 4 Pro.Bilateral isokinetic (concentric) knee flexion and extension with the protocol of 60 degrees/sec,180 degrees/sec was also performed.Results The difference in two angular velocities of extensor and flexor peak torques between the knee OA group and the control group was statistically significant (t=2.747,P＜ 0.05).The extensor peak torque was negatively correlated with age,Liquesce index scores,FTSST,TUGT and TWT (r=-0.39～～-0.75,P＜0.05),but had no correlation with the VAS score or the Lequesne index pain score (r=-0.23～ 0.31,P＞0.05).The regression analysis results suggested that the extensor peak torque and the VAS score together were important predictors for the Liquesce index (adjusted R2 =0.41).Conclusions The degree of knee muscle damage is closely related to the functional performance of the muscles in knee OA patients aged 80 years or over.The strength of the quadriceps and the intensity of pain are important predictors of disability for those patients.

Objective To study the effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3?(GSK-3?)and free radical on neuron apoptosis of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in newborn rats.Methods Eighty 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:normal group and hypoxic-ischemic(HI)group.Rats in HI group were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation,exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas in 37 ℃ closed container for 2.5 h.Rats in 2 groups were killed at 6 hours,24 hours,48 hours,72 hours,5 days after hypoxia respectively.The neuron apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The activity of GOD-PX and the contents of SOD and MDA were detected by spectrophotometry,the level of GSK-3? was mensurated by Enzyme-linked immumosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The rates of neuronal apoptosis in HI group were significantly higher than those in normal group at 6,24,48 and 72 hours after hypoxia,respectively(Pa

Objective:To seek differentially expressed plasma proteins of unstable angina blood-stasis syndrome.Methods:2-dimensional di rence gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to screen the di erentially expressed plasma proteins among unstable angina blood-stasis syndrome and healthy volunteers.Results:Compared with healthy people,the express of Clusterin,ApoA-I of unstable angina blood-stasis syndrome patient decreased while the expression of Fibrinogen ? chain,Vitamin D-Binding Protein,Haptoglobin ? chain,Haptoglobin ?2 chain increased.Conclusion:Fibrinogen ? chain,Fibrinogen ? chain,Haptoglobin ? chain,Haptoglobin ?2 chain,Clusterin,ApoA-I may be correlative with blood-stasis syndrome.

Objective To investigate thyroid hormone nuclear receptor expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and its relation with injury severity in patients with severe multiple trauma.Methods Twenty-eight patients with severe muhiple trauma and another 26 healthy subjects as control were enrolled in the study.At 2 days after injury,the levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in peripheral venous blood were determined by using immunoradiometry,and the expressions of mRNA of the thyroid nuclear receptors (TRα and TRβ) in PBMCs were measured by using real-time RT-PCR.Results FT3 concentration in peripheral venous blood was significantly decreased in patients with severe multiple trauma versus healthy subjects.Concurrently,the expressions of TR mRNA (TRα and TRβ) were significantly decreased in PBMCs of patients with severe multiple trauma compared with healthy subjects (TRα mRNA:3.86 ±0.54 vs.5.24 ± 1.17,P ＜0.05;TRβ mRNA:9.86±2.27 vs.13.57 ±2.45,P ＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that FT3 concentration and the expression of TRβ mRNA correlated negatively with injury severity score (ISS) in patients with severe multiple trauma (r=-0.445,-0.496,P=0.018,0.007).Conclusions These data provide the evidence of a lowered activity of the thyroid signaling pathway in PBMC and a significantly negative correlation between FT3 concentration and the expression of TRβ mRNA in respect of injury severity in patients with severe multiple trauma.Additional investigations are needed to further determine the roles of the thyroid signaling pathway in adverse outcomes in the wake of severe multiple trauma.

Background and purpose:Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), a member of epidermal growth factor receptor family, initiates a diverse set of signaling pathways that ultimately affect such fun-damental processes as cell proliferation, cell motility and cell apoptosis. It is reported that HER-2 was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. However, the mechanism needs further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of HER-2 on regulating EMT process.Methods:Transwell assay was used to determine the motility of breast cancer cells; Real-time lfuorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-FQ-PCR) was employed to determine the expression of genes of interest, and reactive oxygen species production was measured by reactive oxygen species detection kit.Results:HER-2 overexpression in breast cancer cells could promote cell migration and invasion. Mechanistic study showed that HER-2 overexpression could upregulate ZEB1 expression. ZEB1 silencing by siRNA reduced cell motility of HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species produced in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells were less than those produced in corresponding control cells.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that HER-2 overexpression endowed breast cancer cells with EMT related properties by upregulating ZEB1 expression. ZEB1 could be a candidate target for further study of the relation-ship between HER-2 and EMT.

Objective:To observe the changes of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells( PBMCs) of benign and malignant breast tumor based on gene expression profiling. Methods: Datasets of gene expression profiling were downloaded from the GEO database,including PBMCs profilings of benign breast tumor,breast cancer and healthy controls. GEO2R tool was used to analyze the data to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Function of DEGs were annotated by DAVID. Protein interaction analysis and hub gene select were then performed using STRING database. Results:563 and 237 DEGs respectively were identified. DEGs in breast cancer involved in biological process of leukocyte activation,angiogenesis and leukocyte transendothelial migration. The hub genes are IL8,RHOB,ITGB1. Conclusion:The data suggests that gene expression patterns of these two profilings are different at a certain degree. PBMCs maybe a better noninvasive material for biomarker detection of benign and malignant breast tumor.

Objective This study aimed to define research status of age -related hearing loss ,and provide the basis and direction for future research .Methods We have retrieved all relevant literatures on age -related hearing loss from Pubmed ,and conduct an objective analysis of the existing literatures by Bibliometric analytics and co -word analysis method using co -occurrence bibliographic information mining system and SPSS22 .0 software for data analysis .Results There were a large number of articles and journals about presbycusis and age -related hearing loss .Many countries were involved in the research .Literatures and core authors were mainly from developed coun‐tries such as Europe and the United States .The quantity and quality of Chinese literatures were in a leading position in Asia .The researches focused on the common characteristics of patients ,the epidemiology ,characteristics of hear‐ing ,treatment and laboratory studies .There were some new research directions in recent 5 years ,such as factors as‐sociated with the younger ages before developing presbycusis ,standard design and use of questionnaires ,prevention and control .Conclusion Age-related hearing loss will continue to be a hot topic with growing focus on micro and macro development of multi -disciplinary cooperation .The penetration will be the trend for the future research while the prevention will become a new focus of research .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of IL-6 mAb on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in rats, and search the mechanism of the role of IL-6, helper T cells 17 (Th17) and regulative T cells (Treg) in EAM pathogenesis.

METHODSThirty-four Lewis rats were divided into three groups randomly, i.e. control group (n = 6), EAM group (n = 12), and IL-6 mAb intervention group (n = 16). Rats in EAM group and IL-6 mAb intervention group were injected intracutaneously with myosin to establish EAM model. Rats in IL-6 mAb intervention group were injected intraperitoneally with 1 mg IL-6 mAb on 1st, 7th to 20th day after cardiac myosin immune injection. Myocardial inflammation was examined by HE stain, Masson stain, and TdT assay (TUNEL reaction) on 21st and 84th day after IL-6 mAb therapy in order to assess the therapeutic role. Spleen cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to illustrate Th17 and Treg cells? number and function. The serum concentration of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TGF-beta in each group was measured by ELISA, concentration of STAT3, RORgammat, and Foxp3 mRNA in each group was determined with RT-PCR. Spleen cells derived from EAM were stimulated by IL-6 mAb in vitro, and the concentration of IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta was measured by ELISA.

RESULTSInflammation score, fibrosis score, and apoptosis index in IL-6 mAb intervention group were significantly decreased as compared with those in EAM group (P < 0.01). The number of Th17 and Treg cells in EAM group on the 21st day (experimental acute peak stage) were increased, and those in intervention group on the 21st day were significantly inhibited (P < 0.01). The concentration of serum IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta in intervention group on the 21st day was decreased dramatically in comparison with that in EAM group on the same day (P < 0.01). The levels of peripheral blood STAT3, RORgammat, Foxp3 mRNA in intervention group on the 21st day was decreased significantly as compared with that in EAM group (P < 0.01). The expression of IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta was increased significantly (P < 0.01) by stimulation of IL-6 mAb on spleen cells derived from EAM in vitro.

CONCLUSIONSIL-6 mAb could neutralize IL-6, and ameliorate myocarditis and reduce heart autoimmune responses. IL-6 mAb has significantly protective effects on EAM by suppressing Th17 and Treg cells.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; immunology ; Male ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Th17 Cells ; immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:Fibrin glue introduced into calcium phosphate cement has not been confirmed whether this way could overcome the compressive limits and the low degradation of calcium phosphate cement and to modify the biological properties of calcium phosphate cement. OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanical and biological properties of calcium phosphate cement/fibrin glue at different powder/liquid ratio for bone regeneration in vitro. METHODS:Calcium phosphate cement and fibrin glue were mixed at ratios of 1:1, 3:1, 5:1 (mL/g), and the pure calcium phosphate cement served as controls. Setting time, scanning electron microscope and the biomechanical test were used to analyze the composite scaffold structure, physical performance and the mechanical properties. Passage 3 osteoblasts were respectively inoculated on the material surface of the four groups, and pure cells served as blank controls. celladhesion, proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The initial and final setting time of calcium phosphate cement/fibrin glue at 1:1 and 3:1 (mL/g) was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while the initial and final setting time of calcium phosphate cement/fibrin glue at 5:1 (mL/g) was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscope showed smoother and denser surface of composite scaffolds compared with the pure calcium phosphate cement. The aperture of the composite scaffolds was decreased with the increasing concentration of fibrin glue. The compressive strength of composite scaffolds at 3:1 and 5:1 was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), while the modulus of the composite scaffolds at 1:1, 3:1, 5:1 was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). celladhesion, proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity showed no difference among the three composite scaffold and control groups, but al higher than the blank control group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that fibrin glue introduced into calcium phosphate cement can overcome the low-strength limits of calcium phosphate cement, and maintain the good biological properties of calcium phosphate cement for bone regeneration.

Background Intravitreal injection with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) may cause complications,including increase of intraoculapressure (IOP),cataracand endophthalmitis.Ketorolatromethamine (Ketorolac) inew,lesadverse reactionof non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.The action mechanism of Ketorolaisimilato TA.Therefore,Ketorolamay be completely opartly replace Tin the treatmenof retinal edema.Objective The purpose of thistudy wato investigate the effectof Tand Ketorolaon the expressionof aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and vasculaendothelial growth facto(VEGF) in hypoxiretinal Müllecellin vitro and to explore the mechanism of treating retinal edemwith Tand Ketorolac.MethodThe propose of research and use of the animalwere approved by Animal ExperimenResearch Review Committee of Hubei University of Medicine.Twenty eyeof New Zealand albino rabbitwere extracted and the retinal tissue waisolated.The Müllecellwere cultured and passaged using the enzymatidigestion method and Müllecellwere identified using glial fibrillary acidiprotein (GFAP),vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by immunofluorescence staining.The hypoxicell modelwere established by culturing the cellin DMEM with 500 μmol/L CoCl2 fo0,6,12,24 hours.The cellof hypoxifo24 hourwere divided into normal control group,hypoxicontrol group,hypoxia+50,100,200 mg/L To50,100,200 mg/L Ketorolagroups.Corresponding drugwere added into the medium in the differengroups.The expressionof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin Müllecellwere detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PC(RT-PCR).ResultThe cellgrew well and reached 80％ confluence with the irregulashape and ovoid nuclei 14-15 dayaftecultured.More than 95％ primary cellshowed positive reaction to GFAP,vimentin and α-SMA.The expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin Müllecell(values) were significantly differenin varioutime point(AQP4 mRNA:F=18.70,P＜0.01 ; VEGF mRNA:F =53.20,P＜0.01),and those of 6,12 and 24 houraftecultured with CoCl2were increased than those withouCoCl2 (P＜0.05).The expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin Müllecell(values) were significandifferenamong the normal control group,hypoxicontrol group,hypoxia+50,100,200 mg/L ToKetorolagroup(AQP4 mRNA:F =27.98,P ＜ 0.01 ; VEGF mRNA:F =10.03,P ＜0.01).Compared with the hypoxicontrol group,the expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin the Müllecellwere declined in the hypoxia+ 100,200 mg/L Tgroup and the hypoxia+100,200 mg/L Ketorolagroup (P＜0.05).The expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNwere found statistically insignificandifference between hypoxia+ 100 mg/L Tgroup and hypoxia+ 100 mg/L Ketorolagroup,obetween hypoxia+ 200 mg/L Tgroup and hypoxi+200 mg/L Ketorolagroup (P＞ 0.05).ConclusionTand Ketorolacan downregulate the expressionof AQP4 and VEGF in Müllecellundehypoxiconditions,inferring thathey have similamechanism in the impacon AQP4 function in retinal edematoueye.