Objective To investigate the in vitro susceptibility of Minocycline and polymycin B against clinical islates of pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii ,to provide laboratory support for clinical treatment for drug selection.Methods The susceptible test of Minocycline and polymycin against 39 isolates of pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii were determined by K-B meth-od.Results 38 strains of pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii were sensitive to polymyxin B,sensitive rate was 97.4%,20 strains sensitive to minocycline,the sensitivity rate was 51.3%.polymyxin B sensitivity was more sensitive than Minocycline (P < 0.05). Conclusion Polymycin B had strong activit ies against pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii .

Objective To explore the expression of COX-2 and p38MAPK in patients with trauma MODS. Methods Forty MODS patients were evaluated. The levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells COX-2 and p38MAPK in MODS patients and 40 normal controls was detected by enzyme linked immunosor-bent assay (ELISA). RT-PCR was used to measure the COX-2 mRNA and p38MAPK mRNA expression of in PBMCs. ANOV and correlation analysis were used in statistical analysis. Results The levels of COX-2 and p38MAPK of PBMCs and the mRNA expression in MODS group were higher than in control group (all P <0.05). The levels of COX-2 and p38MAPK of PBMCs and the mRNA expression in dead group were higher than in survival group( all P <0.05). The levels of COX-2 and p38MAPK of PBMCs were positively correlated, (r =0.6 147, P<0.01). The expression of COX-2 mRNA, p38MAPK mRNA of PBMCs and APACHE I scoring were positively correlated (r1 =0.5 009, P1 <0.05,r2 =0. 5 316, P2 <0. 05). Conclusions COX-2 and p38MAPK of PBMCs take part in the onset of MODS, and may service as index to judge the prognosis of MODS.

Objective To observe the curative effect and recurrence rate of desmopressin acetate(DDAVP) combined with bladder training therapy on primary nocturnal enuresis(PNE) in chlidren.Methods One hundred children with PNE were randomly divided into control group and observation group(50 cases in each group).Children in control group were treated with simple DDAVP,and patients in observation group were treated with bladder training while DDAVP was using.The course of treatment were 3 months.The therapeutic effect between the 2 groups when the treatment was finished was compared and then followed up all the cases for 3 months to compare the near-term and long-term recurrence rate between the 2 groups.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total effective rate in control group was 72.9%,and the near-term recurrence rate and the long-term recurrence rate were 22.9% and 54.3%,respectively.The total effective rate in observation group was 91.3%,and the near-term recurrence rate and the long-term recurrence rate were 11.9% and 28.6%,respectively.The total effective rate was significantly higher in observation group than that in control group(Z=-1.972,P=0.049).The near-term recurrence rate in 2 groups had no significant difference(?2=1.632,P=0.201).The long-term recurrence rate was extremely lower in observation group than that in control group(?2=5.249,P=0.022).Conclusions There is significant curative effect that DDAVP combined with bladder training therapy on PNE in children,and it can lower the long-term recurrence rate.

Based on the characteristics of multicomponent of traditional Chinese medicine and drawing lessons from the concepts, methods and techniques of biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) in chemical field, this study comes up with the science framework of biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS). Using the different comparison method of multicomponent level and the CMMBCS method of overall traditional Chinese medicine, the study constructs the method process while setting forth academic thoughts and analyzing theory. The basic role of this system is clear to reveal the interaction and the related absorption mechanism of multicomponent in traditional Chinese medicine. It also provides new ideas and methods for improving the quality of Chinese materia medica and the development of new drug research.
Animals ; Biopharmaceutics ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Materia Medica ; chemistry ; classification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical curative effect of Qigui Yishen decoction in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney diseases of spleen and kidney deficiency.METHODS Patients with chronic kidney diseases met the diagnosis criteria were divided into two groups.Both groups were given the high quality low protein,low salt,low fat,low phosphorus diet,and also given basic treatments such as correcting water and electrolyte disorders,acidosis,anemia,lowering blood pres-sure,anticoagulation and regulating lipid.On the basis of this,the treatment group was also given Qigui Yishen decoction o-rally.Objective indexes including kidney function,serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1),transforming growth fac-tor-β1(TGF-β1)and changes of TCM syndrome scores were observed after four weeks.RESULTS After the treatment,TCM syndrome scores in two groups decreased significantly compared with pre-treatment(P<0.05~0.01),and the treatment group was better than the control group(P<0.05~0.01).PAI-1,ALB/Cr,TGF-β1 and IL-6 levels in two groups decreased significantly after treatment(P<0.05~0.01),and the treatment group was better the control group(P<0.05~0.01). CONCLUSIONS Qigui Yishen decoction has definite curative effect on protecting renal function and alleviating the progress of renal fibrosis,and its therapeutic effect may be related to the improvement of blood coagulation and endothelial cell function.

The study is a paticular embodiment of Chinese patent medicine based on biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS) , focusing on assessment of synchronization issues of dissolution that may affect the timing of the multicomponent absorption. The accumulative dissolution percentages of nine components in Gengen Qinlian tablets in different dissolution solvents and times were determined by HPLC. The dissolution curve was drew and its similarity was evaluated by similarity factors (f2) and cluster method. Results in this experiment showed that the components that peak 7 and peak 8 (baicalin) represented had poor similarity with the reference peak 2 (puerarin). Their similarity factors were both 43 in water dissolution media and 31 and 45 in pH 7.4 dissolution media, respectively. Components that peaks represented had better similarity with the reference peak 2 (puerarin) in other medium. It illustrated that components that peak 3,4,5,6 (berberine) represented had fully synchronous dissolution characteristics with the reference peak 2 (puerarin), components peak 1 and 9 represented had nearly fully synchronous dissolution characteristics with the reference peak 2 (puerarin), while components that peak 7 and 8 (baicalin) represented had no synchronous dissolution characteristics with the reference peak 2 (puerarin).
Biopharmaceutics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Solubility ; Tablets ; chemistry ; classification

Abdominal Pain ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications ; pathology

Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in the development and progression of tumors, such as pro?moting local drug resistance, immune escape, and distal metastasis. According to the TME of different individuals, accurate evaluation and selection of clinical medication can effectively control the malignant transformation of carcinoma in situ and metastatic cancer. At present, the main method to treat cancer is chemotherapy, TME can regulate the reaction of the tumor cells to the standard chemotherapy and target drug therapy, so the combination of the targeted TME therapy and chemothera?py will achieve better clinical efficacy. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of TME in breast cancer, including ex?tracellular matrix, carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, carcinoma-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which providing a theoretical basis for the development of TME targeted therapy.

Objective To estimate the activity of the phosphatidylinositol3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway in peripheral blood T cells from patients with atopic dermatitis (AD),and to investigate its clinical significance.Methods T cells were isolated by using the Rosettsep T cell purification kit from the peripheral blood of 38 patients with AD and 38 healthy human controls,and classified into several groups to be treated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody,anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody,and LY294002 (an inhibitor of PI3K) respectively.The activity of PI3K signaling pathway in T cells was estimated by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Western blot was performed to measure the expressions of total Akt and phosphorylated Akt in T cells,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay to examine the proliferation of T cells,and ELISA to determine the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-10.Results The activity of PI3K and Akt was significantly higher in freshly isolated patient-derived T cells than in control-derived T cells (both P ＜ 0.05).However,the difference in the activity of PI3K and Akt between patient-derived and control-derived T cells disappeared (both P ＞ 0.05) after 24-hour in vitro culture.The activity of PI3K and Akt in control-derived T cells was significantly increased after 24-hour incubation with sera from the patients with AD (both P ＜ 0.05).In addition,compared with patient-derived T cells treated with patients' sera or anti-CD3/CD28 monoclonal antibody alone,those treated with the combination of LY294002 and patients' sera or anti-CD3/CD28 monoclonal antibody showed a significant decrease in the proliferative activity (63％ ± 11％ vs.123％ ± 25％,125％ ± 22％ vs.195％ ± 28％,both P＜ 0.05),supematant levels of IL-6 ((168 ± 33) vs.(265 ± 46) ng/L,(431 ± 64) vs.(823 ± 128) ng/L,both P＜ 0.05) and IL-10 ((56 ± 14) vs.(98 ± 25) ng/L,(120 ± 21) vs.(213 ± 35) ng/L,both P＜ 0.05).Eczema area and severity index (EASI) was unassociated with the activity of PI3K or Akt in fresh T cells from patients with AD (both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The PI3K signaling pathway is abnormally activated in peripheral blood T cells from patients with AD,which is associated with the proliferation of,as well as secretion of cytokines by,T cells,suggesting that there exist serum factors activating this pathway in peripheral blood of patients with AD.

Objective To study the activation of alveolar macrophage β (AM) and the expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD40 in transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) model in order to illustrate the pathogenesis of TRALI.Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into normal control group (n =15) with sham operation using normal saline instead of LPS and plasma,positive control group (n =15) with ALI induced by intravenous infusion of 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in equivalent volume of whole blood drawn out),and TRALI group (n =15) treated by intra-peritoneal injection of 2 mg/kg LPS 2 h before the transfusion of human plasma (1 mL whole blood about 10％ of total blood volume drawn out and replaced with 1 mL plasma),LPS control group (n =15) treated by intra-peritoneal injection of 2 mg/kg LPS 2 h before saline infusion in equivalent volume of blood drawn out.The pathologic changes of rat lung tissue were observed by HE staining.The expression of TLR4 was examined by RT-PCR.The activation of NF-κB in AM was measured by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA).The expression of CD40 mRNA and CD40 molecule were analyzed by Northern blot and flow cytometry respectively.ELISA was performed to detect the concentration of TNF-α,MIP-2 and IL-1 β in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF).Results Broken alveolar septa,hyperemia,and massive infiltration of inflammatory cells including the neutrophils were observed in lung tissues of TRALI group.The expression of TLR4 gene was detected in activated macrophage phi (AMφ) of TRALI group rats.The activation of NF-κB was increased in TRALI group rats.The expression of CD40 in AMφ was higher in rats of TRALI group than that in rats of control group and LPS control group.The concentration of TNF-αt,MIP-2 and IL-1β were enhanced significantly in BALF of TRALI group rats.Conclusion The activation of AM and up-regulation of costimulatory molecule CD40 induced release of some inflammatory cytokines.It suggested that AM activation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of TRALI.