OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of aflatoxins in eupolyphaga. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phenomenex-C18 with mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile-water(28∶17∶55,V/V/V)at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,column temperature was 30 ℃,fluorescence detector(FLD)λex was 365 nm,λem was 450 nm;derivative solution was 0.05% iodine solution,derivatized pump flow rate was 0.3 ml/min,derivatized temperature was 70 ℃ and volume injection was 20μl. RESULTS:Aflatoxin G2 and aflatoxin B2 showed good linear relationship at 1.2-12 pg,and aflatoxin G1 and aflatoxin B1 showed a good linear relationship at 4-40 pg(r≥0.999 3);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were≤2.3%;aver-age recovery was 77.4%-94.8%(RSD=3.1%-4.3%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of aflatoxins in eupolyphaga.

Toutianliang manipulation is the most representative compound needling technique of traditional reinforcing and reducing and has the remarkable efficacy on heat syndrome with muscle and bone involved for example. Professor ZHANG Jin is one of the famous acupuncture master in China and has contributed his lifelong to the research of acupuncture manipulation techniques. He has summarized 24 single-type manipulations and has given the comprehensive explanation of the manipulations for meridian conduction, reinforcing or reducing techniques for the excess or deficiency. In the paper, Toutianliang manipulation was introduced briefly and the key operation steps had been discussed.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans

Objective To analyze the causes and outcome of conversion from tacrolimus (FK506) to cyclosporine-A (CsA) in recipients after liver transplantation.Methods 317 consecutive liver transplantation recipients in our department received anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody,FK506, mycophenolate mofetil and corticoid for prophylaxis of cellular rejection.The blood FK506 trough level was (10-15)?g/L within the first 30 days,(8-12)?g/L within next 60 days,and (5-8)?g/L was kept during 90 to 180 days after transplantation.All recipients reveived a follow-up of 6 months. Remits Sixteen out of 317 recipients (5.05%) required conversion from FK506 to CsA.The clinical indications for conversion included:neurological adverse effect of FK506 in 5 cases (31.25%),hema- tological adverse effect in 2 cases (12.5%),gastrointestinal effect in one case (6.25%),not capable of reaching therapeutic window concentration in 3 cases (18.75%),refractory hyperglycemia in 2 ca- ses (12.5%),and economic factor in 3 cases (18.75%).The majority of recipients demonstrated clinical improvement after the switch,except 2 of 16 patients (12.5%) had to be reconverted to FK506 due to renal disadvantage.No dead recipient and adverse effect correlated to immunosuppres- sive agent conversion were seen.Conclusion If necessary,conversion from FK506 to CsA in patients undergoing liver transplantation is safe and effective.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVEWith functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), cerebral function imaging of acupuncture and sham acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) was observed to analyze central mechanism of Taichong (LR 3) to treat EH.

METHODSEighteen EH patients were divided into a twisting acupuncture group (10 cases) and a sham acupuncture group (8 cases), which were treated with twisting manipulation and sham acu- puncture at right Taichong (LR 3), respectively. The treatments were both given with 30-second manipulation and 30- second interval for totally 5 min. During the acupuncture, fMRI was adopted to scan the cerebral function imaging of EH patients on resting state, and the acquired data were analyzed with SPM2 module in Matlab software.

RESULTSAcupunc- ture at Taichong (LR 3) in EH patients mainly increased opposite-side oxygen consumption, which generally activated left anterior cingulated gyrus (BA 32), left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), left inferior temporal gyrus (BA 19), left middle temporal gyrus (BA 37) and right anterior central gyrus (BA 6). The activated areas were related to motor, vision and cognition of emotion. Stimulation region of sham acupuncture mainly included right anterior cingulated gyrus (BA 24), left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40) and left inferior frontal gyrus (BA 7).

CONCLUSIONThe central mechanism of Tai- chong (LR 3) on antihypertensive effect and symptom improvement is not in thalamus and medulla that are traditionally believed to control blood pressure. Taichong (LR 3) could activate anterior cingulated gyrus to regulate parasympathetic nerve and lower blood pressure, and through anterior cingulated gyrus, the connection with the surrounding areas is strengthened to improve the cognitive impairment caused by long-term hypertension.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Cognition ; Essential Hypertension ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnostic imaging ; psychology ; therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography

Objective To explore the change of serum osteopontin concentration and the expression of OPN in the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods We measured the serum osteo-pontin concentration in 91 RA patients and 29 sex-and age-matched normal control subjects using an en-zyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay and collected clinic data at the same time.The expression of OPN in the synovial membrane from 7 RA patients and 1 patient with trauma was examined by immunohistochemisty.Results Serum osteopontin concentrations were significantly higher in both active and inactive RA patients than that in the normal control group:(65±22)ng/ml in active RA,(56±22)ng/ml in inactive RA patients and(26±8)ng/ml(P＜0.005)in normal controls.Increase in OPN concentration correlated positively and sig-nificantly with the number of tender joints,joint x-ray change stages,and joint function(r=O.435,P=0.005.r=0.415,P=0.007,r=O.394,PP=0.012).The expression of OPN was observed in all samples from patients.OPN was expressed in the synovial lining and sublining layer.Conclusion The above results suggest that the pro-duction of osteopontin is associated with joint destruction in RA.

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Styrenes ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of self-designed double-pivot extracorporeal reduction device in internal fixation with percutaneous pedicle screws for thoracolumbar fractures.Methods From January 2014 to May 2015,a total of 41 patients with thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms underwent minimally invasive fixation with percutaneous pedicle screws.Of them,22 were treated with our self-designed double-pivot extracorporeal reduction device and the other 20 with common single-pivot extracorporeal reduction device.The 2 groups were compared in terms of pre-and postoperative kyphotic angles,correction rates and anterior,middle and posterior heights of injured vertebrae to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the self-designed double-pivot extracorporeal reduction device.Results The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months (average,12.3 months).No iatrogenic impairment of nerve root,postoperative infection,or implant failure happened.Compared with preoperation,significant improvements were observed in all the patients regarding cobb's angle,anterior,middle and posterior heights of the fractured vertebral body (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the single-pivot group,the double-pivot group were significantly superior in the kyphotic angle,correction rate,and anterior and middle heights of the injured vertebrae(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the recovery of posterior height of the fractured vertebral body (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the single-pivot reduction device,the self-designed double-pivot reduction device may be preferable in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures.

BACKGROUND:Monoaxial pedicle screws are not conducive to the instal ation during percutaneous pedicle screw technique, but it has better mechanical conductivity and stability than polyaxial pedicle screws. How to select and use these two kinds of screws in the clinic to exert their advantages and to further elevate efficacy has become a subject worthy of reflection. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement for thoracolumbar fracture using monoaxial and polyaxial pedicle screws at different placement selections. METHODS:A total of 46 cases of thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms underwent minimal y invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. 25 patients (monoaxial screw group) were treated with monoaxial pedicle screws and the other 21 ones (polyaxial screw group) with polyaxial pedicle screws. Kyphotic angle, correction rate, correction loss rate and height of injury vertebrae were compared before and after fixation in both groups. The therapeutic effects of monoaxial and polyaxial percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Fixation time, blood loss, complication and hospital stay were not significantly different in both groups (P>0.05). (2) Kyphotic angle and height of the fractured vertebra body were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). (3) The restoration of anterior height of injured vertebrae, kyphotic angle and correction rate were better in the monoaxial screw group than in the polyaxial screw group after treatment (P<0.05). The correction loss rate was significantly better in the monoaxial screw group than in the polyaxial screw group during last fol ow-up (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the posterior height of injured vertebraeafter fixation (P>0.05). (4) These findings indicate that compared with the polyaxial percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, the monoaxial pedicle screw may be preferable in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures, has more satisfactory fracture distraction reduction, and has less postoperative correction loss rate.

Increasing the necessity and ways of students' subjective consciousness in teaching of The Acupuncture and Moxibustion Sciences are discussed. By cultivating students' learning interesting, the abilities of research, summarization and induction, and clinical practice as ways, teachers should make students establish subjective consciousness, which is the essential of reform and innovation of teaching method, and also is dual real interaction of "teaching" and "learning", so as to really reflect the idea of focusing on students themselves in teaching and the key of increasing teaching quality and efficacy of The Acupuncture and Moxibustion Sciences.
Acupuncture ; education ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; psychology ; Moxibustion ; psychology ; Science ; education ; Teaching