Objective To study the effects of acute cadmium exposure on the immune function of white blood cells (WBC), plasma interleukin-2 (IL-2) and cortisol levels in rats. Methods Thirty-six male rats were randomly divided into three groups averagely. The control group (group C) and two experimental groups(groupⅠand group Ⅱ) were respectively exposed to 0, 0.5, 1.0 mg / kg body weight (BW) cadmium for 7 days by intraperitoneal injection. Blood samples of the rats were collected on the 4th and 7th day after administration of cadmium respectively and the related parameters were analyzed. Results The BW of rats in groupⅠand group Ⅱ were significantly lower than that of the group C. The WBC counts of two experimental groups were higher than that of the control group. Higher percentage of neutrophiles and lower percentage of lymphocytes were observed in rats of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ on the 7th day after cadmium exposure, while no obvious variations in monocytes(%), eosinophiles(%) and basophiles(%)were observed among the three groups. Blood T-lymphocyte(%) and IL-2 levels in rats of groupⅠandⅡdecreased on the 4th and 7th day after cadmium exposure respectively, while B-lymphocyte(%) increased on the contrary. Plasma cortisol levels in rats of groupⅠ and groupⅡ were higher than that of the group C on the 7th day after cadmium exposure. Conclusion The results showed that acute cadmium exposure could affect the WBC immune function and result in the defect of cellular immune function as well as significant change of adrenal cortex endocrine activities.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect of recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF) in patients with gingivitis and its influence on gingival sulcus bleeding index. Methods Sixty-eight patients with gingivitis treated in our hospital were randomly divided into control group (34 cases) and observation group (34 cases). The control group were given basic periodontal therapy, while the observation group were treated with rb-bFGF. The clinical effects, gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI) before and after treatment, and the recurrence were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rate (97.06%) of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (70.59%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The SBI of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 1 and 2 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). The recurrence rate of the observation group (5.88%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (23.53%) (P<0.05). The incidence of complications such as pain, periodontal abscess, bromopnea and loosening was significantly lower in the observation group (8.82%) than in the control group (32.35%). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion After rb-bFGF treatment, the symptoms of toothache and gingival swelling disappear, normal function of teeth is restored, gingival sulcus bleeding improves significantly, with fewer adverse reactions and obvious clinical effect.

Objective This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative embolization on the intraoperative blood loss of sacrum chordoma.Methods forty patients involved with the spinal chordoma were retrospectively analyzed in this study.The preoperative embolization group consisted of 16 sacrum chordoma patients were embolizationed by gelatin sponge particles (10 male and6 female)age from 35 to 71 years old,(mean 57.9 years) ; and the control group consisted of 4 sacrum chordoma patients (3 male and 1 female),age from 43 to 61 years old(mean 51.8 years).analyzed the predictive value of preoperative embolization in correlation with the intraoperative blood loss.Results The mean blood loss (2025.0 ±818.5)ml of sacrum chordoma in the preoperative embolization group was insignificantly than that (1950.0 ± 802.1) ml in the control group,(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The study shows that the preoperative feeding artery embolization of the spinal tumor has no significant effect on the intraoperative blood loss in the surgical excision of the sacrum chordoma.

Objective To investigate the status of Kachin-Beck diseage(KBD)in Xi'an and provide a scientific basis for decision-making in controlling the disease.Methods According to original disease data of KBD,children aged 7 to 12 were chosen to receive clinical and X-ray examination according to the KBD monitoring standard stipulated by the government in 6 villages of 3 countries in Xi'an.The local adults were elinically diagnosed and divided into different groups according to the clinical degrees and their ages.Resuhs Among 373 schod children who had clinical examinations,15 early cases were detected,and the detectable rate was 4.02%(15/373);Among 325 school childrenundergoning by X-ray,1 case was detected,and the detectable rate was 0.31%(1/325).In 5630 adults clinically tested,1402 patients were detected,the detectable rate was 24.90%(1402/5630).The patients distributed mainly in the population aged above 36 years old.Conclusions The situation of KBD control is still serious in Xi'an city.KBD monitoring and health education should be carried on.Furdher Tesearch on treatment methods and drug therapy should be performed.

Objective To screen for selective transforming growth factor β(TGF-β)inhibitors from the compound library, and analyze their structure-activity relationship. Methods The inhibiting activities of 170 compounds to TGF-βpathway were evaluat-ed by the SMAD3 luciferase reporter system;the positive hits were examined for their selectivity towards activin receptor like kinase (ALK)4、ALK5 or ALK7 by a molecule based screening system composed of SMAD3,ATP and the purified kinase domain for ALK4, ALK5 or ALK7;the EGFP-SMAD2 fusion protein redistribution assay was used to confirm the inhibiting effects of positive hits. The structure-activity relationship was analyzed by comparing the docking module of SB431542 with ALK5 kinase domain. Results Fif-teen compounds were found capable of inhibiting luciferase expression downstream of SMAD3 with≥25%inhibitory rate;several of them showed different selectivity towards ALK4,ALK5 and ALK7. Compound 63 selectively inhibited the activity of ALK4 and ALK7 with IC500.234 and 0.370μmol/L,respectively,while compound 64 showed inhibiting activity towards all three kinases with the IC50 values 10,6 and 85 nmol/L for ALK4、ALK5 and ALK7,respectively. In addition,compounds 63 and 64 further inhibited the TGF-β1 induced EGFP-SMAD2 nuclear translocation,with the IC50 values of 0.45 and 6.30μmol/L,respectively. The MTT anti-proliferative assay indicated that compounds 63 and 64 exerted these activities at non-toxic concentrations. The analysis of structure-activity rela-tionship indicated that the compounds sharing a core structure,the 1,2,4-triarylimizazole or 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoline,with the 3,4 methyoenedioxyphenyl,6-methylpyridine and 4-aminocarboxyl substitution groups tended to exhibit better activities. Conclusion The two potent TGF-βpathway inhibitors,63 and 64 are identified through this screening project,of which,63 selectively inhibited the ALK4 and ALK7 activity,while 64 showed inhibiting activity towards all three tested types of ALKs.

Objective To analyze genetic and clinical features of 14 children with ?-thalassemia intermedia in Guangxi area.Methods ?-thalassemia genes,?-thalassemia genes,single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) at position-158 of()~G?-globin gene,AT repeats polymorphisms of DNase I-hypersensitive site 2 of the ?-globin gene cluster locus control region(?-LCR-HS2) were detected by PCR techniques.Clinical data were analyzed.Results Genotype:1.Seven cases were homozygous or compound heterozygous for nt-28(A→G).Among them,2 cases′ genotypes were nt-28/nt-28,1 case was ?~E/ nt-28,2 cases were ?~0/nt-28,1 case(?~0/nt-28) co-inherited()~G?158(T) and 1 case(?~0/nt-28) co-inherited simultaneously()~G?-158(T) and——SEA ?-thalassemia-1 genes.2.Three cases with ?~0/?~0 presented()~G?-158(T),and other 3 cases co-inherited——SEA ?-thalassemia-1 genes.3.One patient with ?~0/?~0 co-inherited()~G?-158(T) and——SEA ?-thalassemia-1 genes.4.Six cases carrying()~G?-158(T) had(AT)_9 N_(12)(AT)_(10) sequences in ?-LCR-HS2.Phenotype:The values of Hb,MCV,HbF of 14 patients were(75.9?9.7) g/L,(68.9?5.9) fL,66.9%?16.3%,respectively.Except for 2 cases with genotypes of nt-28/nt-28 and 1 case with ?~E/nt-28 who had never been transfused,the others had more severe symptoms and required irregularly transfusion.Conclusions In the 14 children with ?-thalassemia intermedia from Guangxi area,nt-28(A→G),()~G?-158(T) and——SEA ?-thalassemia-1 gene are main alleviating gene factors.Incidence of(AT)_9 N_(12)(AT)_(10) sequence in ?-LCR-HS2 in these patients is high.Patients who are homozygous for nt-28 or compound heterozygous for ?~E have milder phenotypes.

Objective To assess the implementation of essential public health services (EPHS), and determine the main influencing factors for EPHS in Menglian. Methods In September 2012, the questionnaire survey method was employed to collect the data of EPHS implementation in 2011 in three community medical institutes and the EPHS evaluation of health staff sampled by stratified random sampling in Menglian. Results In 2011, the report rates of infectious diseases epidemics, public health emergencies and health inspection were all 100%, the inoculation rates of most vaccines were over 90%,and the health management rates of the children aged 0 to 6 years,pregnant and lying-in woman,aged population,hypertensives, type 2 diabetes patients and serious psychotics were high (about 85%) . The establishment rate of heath archives (60%to 70%),the controlling rates of blood pressure in the hypertensive population (about 50%), the rates of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients (55%to 70%) and the steady rates of serious psychotics (50% to 60%), however, were low. The implementation of EPHS was unbalance among towns, suburbs and outer suburbs. The main factors that influenced the EPHS implementation were inadequate human resources, insufficient or unused health devices, ambiguous responsibilities among the health institutes, non-cooperative behaviors, and unhealthy living habits in rural residents. Conclusions The implementation of many EPHS items is good. For promoting EPHS,it is necessary to train human resources,activiate unused health devices,get support of residents and carry out health education.

Objective To recognize the features of the ligamentum teres hepatic(LTH) in multi-slice spiral CT,and to preliminarily explore its clinical value.Methods A total of 130 patients without liver disease underwent abdominal scanning with a 16-slice spiral CT scanner.LTHs,as focused points,were observed by using postprocessing techniques such as multi-planar reformation(MPR),slab maximum intensity projection(slab-MIP) and slab volume rendering(slab-VR).Results The LTH was detected by multi-slice spiral CT in 90.8%(118/130).On these oblique-sagittal MPR,slab-MIP and slab-VR images,LTH presentedas slightly high density smooth cord-like structure in accordance with its anatomical morphology and position.The mean diameter of fissure portion of normal LTH was(5.44?0.96) mm(range 3.2-7.2 mm) measured at its middle region,and that of free portion of normal LTH was(3.43?0.91) mm(range 1.6-6.0 mm).Conclusions Multi-slice spiral CT demonstrates the LTH clearly,and has a potentialto evaluate the LTH before abdominal operation in which the LTH is to be used as an autogenous repairmaterial.

AIM: To establish the quality standard for Zhike Pingchuan Capsule (Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, Semen Pruni Armeniacae, Radix Scutellariae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, etc.). METHODS: Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae in Zhike Pingchuan Capsule were identified by TLC and ginsenoside Rb_1 was determined by HPLC. The analysis was carried out on C_~18 column by HPLC. The mobile phase was CH_3CN-H_2O(34∶66). The flow rate was 1.2 mL?min~-1 and the detection wavelength was at 203 nm. The column temperature was at 40.0 ℃ and sensitivity was 0.02 AUFS. RESULTS:The average recovery was 97.20% and RSD was 2.25% and the linear range of ginsenoside Rb_1 was in 0.612-~6.120 ?g. CONCLUSION:This method is simple, rapid with a good reproducibility. This method can be used for the quality control of Zhike Pingchuan Capsule.

Objective To analyze the causes and outcome of conversion from tacrolimus (FK506) to cyclosporine-A (CsA) in recipients after liver transplantation.Methods 317 consecutive liver transplantation recipients in our department received anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody,FK506, mycophenolate mofetil and corticoid for prophylaxis of cellular rejection.The blood FK506 trough level was (10-15)?g/L within the first 30 days,(8-12)?g/L within next 60 days,and (5-8)?g/L was kept during 90 to 180 days after transplantation.All recipients reveived a follow-up of 6 months. Remits Sixteen out of 317 recipients (5.05%) required conversion from FK506 to CsA.The clinical indications for conversion included:neurological adverse effect of FK506 in 5 cases (31.25%),hema- tological adverse effect in 2 cases (12.5%),gastrointestinal effect in one case (6.25%),not capable of reaching therapeutic window concentration in 3 cases (18.75%),refractory hyperglycemia in 2 ca- ses (12.5%),and economic factor in 3 cases (18.75%).The majority of recipients demonstrated clinical improvement after the switch,except 2 of 16 patients (12.5%) had to be reconverted to FK506 due to renal disadvantage.No dead recipient and adverse effect correlated to immunosuppres- sive agent conversion were seen.Conclusion If necessary,conversion from FK506 to CsA in patients undergoing liver transplantation is safe and effective.