OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and etiologic characteristics and treatment of central venous catheter-related(sepsis).METHODS Forty cases of patients with central venous catheter-related sepsis and their clinical manifestation,etiologic profiles and outcome of treatment were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Forty six strains were isolated including 23 strains of Gram-positive cocci,19 of Gram-negative bacilli and 4 of fungi.The most frequent(isolates) were Staphylococcus epidermidis.CONCLUSIONS The most common organism causing CRS is S.epidermidis;the key preventive measure is to avoid inner and outer pollution of catheter;antibiotic lock-technique can be taken for the treatment of uncertain CRS.If it is no effect after 24-48 hours,it is necessary to remove venous catheter promptly.

Objective To explore the relationship between CA repeats polymorphism in the promoter region of IGF-1 gene and MS in the Han nationality.Methods 1047 subjects were recruited from general population of Dongcheng District in Beijing.MS was diagnosed based on the criteria for MS in 2005 by IDF.Genomic DNA was extracted by standard methods.PCR,Genescan,Genotyper and direct sequencing were conducted to screen CA repeats polymorphism in the promoter region of the human IGF-1 gene.Levels of plasma glucose,lipids,serum insulin and IGF-1 were determined.BMI and ISI were calculated.Results The prevalence of MS in (CA) 19 homozygote was lower than that in (CA) 19 heterozygote (9.1% vs 18.3%,x2 = 8.55,P ＜ 0.01) and without (CA) 19 (9.1% vs 24.0%,x2 = 18.05,P ＜ 0.01).The level of serum IGF-1 had differences among the three groups [ (114.0 ± 52.6) μg/L vs (136.6 ± 80.5) μg/L vs (129.2±49.1) μg/L,F =3.16,P ＜0.05],(CA)19 homozygote had lower serum IGF-1 than (CA)19heterozygote and without (CA) 19.BMI,WC,TG,FIns,2hIns and ISI had difference among the three groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusions (CA)19 repeats polymorphism in the promoter region of IGF-1 gene was significantly associated with MS in Han nationality.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins ; blood ; Cattle ; Colostrum ; Esterases ; blood ; Female ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Lipids ; blood ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; blood ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype and its relation to clinical degree and responsiveness to antiviral therapy on hepatitis in order to guide the clinical therapy.

METHODSWe amplified HBV S gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using the second-round PCR product, which was digested by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). This genotype method was designed under the analysis of the restriction fragment length polymorphism and using the restriction enzymes that identified the genotype-specific sequences. Five restriction enzymes, Hph I , Nci I , Alw I, Ear I and NlaIV, were identified in genotype-specific RFLP from the S gene region. Representative sequences from the S genome region of each HBV genotype were aligned to show the restriction sites by the five restriction enzymes. The amplified S gene nucleotide sequences were sequenced by dideoxy-chain-termination method and the corresponding amino acid sequence was deduced using DNASIS software. Later, they were genotyped by comparing to representative S gene sequences obtained from GenBank. This confirmed the results of RFLP HBV genotyping methods, coincident with that of S gene sequence.

RESULTSGenotypes A, B, C, D were classified in 216 patients with HBV and DNA positive. The results showed that: 1 case (0.46%) of genotype A, 19 cases genotype B (8.8% ), 175 genotype C (81.02%) and 21 genotype D (9.72%). A total of 86 patients in the hospital were divided into either genotype C cases (69) or non-genotype C cases (17).

CONCLUSIONGenotype C was the major genotype in Changchun. Among HBV patients, type C was 80.95%, followed by genotypes B and D. Both hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis showed relations with genotype C.

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; virology ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; virology ; Liver Neoplasms ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

OBJECTIVETo analyze the correlation between olfactory bulb (OB) volume with depth of olfactory sulcus (OS) and olfactory function in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).

METHODSFifty patients with iRBD and fifty controls were assessed with polysomnography (PSG). The results of olfactory function T & T testing, OB volume and depth of OS assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared. SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyze the data.

RESULTST & T olfactory testing revealed that iRBD patients had higher scores (3.1 ± 0.5) than those in controls (0.6 ± 0.1), and the difference was significant (t = 7.913, P < 0.05). Both men and women with iRBD were affected by the same extent of olfactory loss (t = 1.015, P > 0.05). OB volume of left side in iRBD patients was (33.75 ± 4.11) mm(3), right side was (34.57 ± 4.21) mm(3), average OB volume was (33.94 ± 4.15) mm(3); OB volume of left side in controls was (51.68 ± 7.71) mm(3), right side was (52.31 ± 7.77) mm(3), average OB volume was (51.94 ± 7.74) mm(3); OB volume were lower in iRBD patients as compared to controls (t value were 9.013, 8.889 and 8.923, all P < 0.01). OS depth study revealed no statistical difference between iRBD patients and controls (t value were 0.923, 0.897 and 0.904, all P > 0.05). Olfactory discriminate threshold was negatively correlated with OB volume in iRBD patients (r = -0.61, P < 0.05), but no correlated with depth of OS (r = -0.24, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe OB volume was lower in iRBD patients as compared to controls. The depth of OS showed no significant changes in iRBD patients. The OB volume was correlated with olfactory function, while the depth of OS was no correlated with olfactory function.

Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Olfaction Disorders ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Olfactory Bulb ; Polysomnography ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Smell

Objective To investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in renal tissues of children with primary nephrotic syndrome(NS),and elucidate the relationship between PCNA expression and cell proliferation in renal tissues from the children with primary NS.Methods Paraffin-embedded renal biopsy tissue sections from 39 patients with primary NS were examined by immunohistochemical staining with anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody,normal renal tissue sections from 6 nephrectomized patients with nephroma were selected as control. Possible correlation between the percentage of PCNA positive cells and the pathologic type , histopathological score, clinical indices (serum albumin ,serum cholesterol ,serum creatinine and 24 hours urine protein ) before renal biopsy of NS were evaluated separately .Results The percentage of PCNA positive cells in glomeruli and tubulom terstitium of NS patients was significantly higher than that of the control (P

Objective:To analyze the activities of human NKG2D ligand MICA/B promoter induced by 5-Fu.Methods:The 5'-end flanking regions of MICA /B promoter and their different truncated fragments were amplified from A549 genome by PCR. The resulting amplicons were cloned into pGL3-Basic vector to generate the MICA/B luciferase reporter plasmids. All the constructs were transiently transfected A549 cells. The promoter region activities were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The effect of 5-Fu on the promoter activities of MICA/B was also tested.Results and Conclusion:The 5'-end flanking regions of MICA /B promoter and five of their different truncated fragments were successfully obtained. The normalized luciferase reporter gene activities driven by the above promoters and fragments were 3.61,2.26,1.63,0.313,0.711 and 0.663 for MICA and 17.49,10.11,7.398,0.822,0.997 and 0.49 for MICB,respectively. Promoter activities in transiently transfected A549 cells treated by 20,40,80,160 and 320 μg/m of 5-Fu increased 1.69,1.48,1.62,1.55 and 1.78 fold for MICA and 1.44,1.87,1.38,1.19 and 1.25 fold for MICB. Our results suggest that 5-FU can significantly up-regulate the promoter activity of both MICA and MICB.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of angiotensin Ⅱ antagonist (Valsartan)and angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor (Captopril) for the improvement of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at anterior wall. Methods A total of 75 patients with initial AMI at anterior wall were enlisted in the study. Patients were divided randomly into three groups: control group (n = 15), Captopril treated (n =30), and Valsartan treated (n =30). At 1 week and 28 weeks post AMI, the LVSF and left ventricular regional ejection fraction (LrEF) were measured by equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA). The t-test was used to compare the dada. Results ( 1 ) At 28 weeks, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular peak ejection rate (LPER) in Valsartan treated group were significantly increased as compared with those of control: ( 59.4 ± 8.6 ) % vs (44.9 ± 8.4)%, t = 3.87, P ＜ 0.01 for LVEF; (3.89 ± 1.01 ) end-diastolic volume (EDV)/s vs (2.84 ±1.05) EDV/s, t= 4.16, P ＜ 0.01 for LPER). The left ventricular time to peak ejection rate (LTPER) in Valsartan treated group was significantly decreased ( ( 116 ± 16 )ms vs ( 137 ±20) ms, t =2.16, P ＜ 0.05 ) as compared with control. (2)Compared with 1-week, 28-week Valsartan treated group had a significant increase inLrEF2, LrEF4, LrEF5, LrEF6: (71.6±18.8)% vs (57.0±11.4)%, t=2.11, P＜0.05;(78.1 ±16.8)% vs (68.9±21.0)%, t =2.06, P＜0.05; (70.5±16.9)% vs (59.9 ±23.4)%, t=1.99, P ＜ 0.05; and (58.1 ± 9.0) % vs (46.0 ± 18.9) %, t = 2.43, P ＜ 0.05, respectively. Conclusions Valsartan and Captopril are effective for the improvement of LVEF after AMI at anterior wall. The effects of the two drugs are similar.

Objective To establish the different degrees of rat diffuse axonal injury (DAI) model by using a self‐made DAI device .Methods A total of 70 healthy adult clean SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the normal control group (n=10) and DAI group (n=60) ,then the DAI group was randomly subdivided into the group A ,B ,and C ,20 cases in each group .The rat head injury model was prepared by using the self‐made experimental device ,which made the rat head to simultaneously produce instant oversized linear and angular accelerations ,different degrees of rat DAI model ,including mild DAI(group A) ,moderate DAI (group B) and severe DAI(group C) ,were induced by different rotation back and forth ,accelerated movement times under the con‐stant air pressure .The pathological and behavior effect evaluation was performed .Results With the injury degree aggravating ,the time interval of nerve physiological reflex recovery and awakening time in the acute DAI groups were increased (P<0 .05) .The nerve function score after 7 d in the DAI groups was decreased (P<0 .05);the death rates within 14 d after injury in the group A , B and C were 5 .0% ,25 .0% and 50 .0% respectively .With the injury degree aggravating ,the DAI pathological characteristics were more significant .Conclusion This device could effectively establish different injury degrees of DAI animal model .