OBJECTIVETo study the effect of eight specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum on the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats and grade the eight different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum.

METHODTotally 100 SD female rats were divided randomly into 10 groups, namely the normal group, the model group and eight Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum groups of different specifications. Their bilateral ovaries were excised to reproduce the osteoporosis model. Meanwhile, the rats were given the eight different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum for consecutively 12 weeks. Subsequently, the effects of the different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum on bone mineral density and serum biochemical indicators of rats were observed. A clustering analysis was made for the eight specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, with the serum content of ALP, BMP-2 and BGP as influencing factors.

RESULTAfter 12 weeks, the eight different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum could significantly improve ALP, BMP-2, BGP in serum and bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats. And the cluster analysis showed similar results to the quality classification of traditional commercial herbs Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum.

CONCLUSIONDifferent specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum can antagonize the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats, and their effects are related to the quality of commercial herbs.

Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Deer ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Horns ; chemistry ; Humans ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA (miRNA) in placenta tissue, explore the function of miRNA in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Placenta tissue from pregnant women with GDM and normal controls were selected from January 2013 to January 2014. Expression of miRNAs were detected by sequencing technique and quantity real time PCR(qRT-PCR). Target genes of miRNA were analyzed by KEGG. Results 52 insulin signaling pathway related miRNAs including 47 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated were differentially expressed in GDM compared with normal control. Expression of placental hsa-miR-548am-5p and hsa-miR-95-5p were significantly increased , but hsa-miR-1246 was significantly lower (P <0.05) in GDM group than normal control; all the results were consistent with sequencing results. Key points of insulin signaling pathway could regulate expression of targets such as PI3K. Conclusion miRNA expression in GDM placenta was abnormal.A variety of exp ressions of miRNAs were involved in the pathogenesis of GDM by regulating insulin signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate Schistosoma japonicum infection on mice high-fat diet of insulin resistance. Methods 36 male C57 BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned into three equal groups: normal control group ( NC group) , high-fat diet group ( HF group) and high-fat diet with Schistosoma japonicum infected group ( HSJ group) . Specimen was collected 6 and 12 weeks after high-fat diet, separately. The levels of fasting blood glucose ( FBG) , fasting plasma insulin resistance index ( FINS) and insulin ( HOMA-IR) were detected. Interferon-γ( IFN-γ) ,in-terleukin-4 ( IL-4 ) and singal transductor and activator of transcription-4 ( STAT4 ) singal transductor and activator of transcription-6 (STAT6)were detected by ELISA and immunohistochemical method. Results The mice from HF group showed higher levels of HOMA-IR than those from NC groups by the end of 6 and 12 weeks after infection( P<0. 01 );the levels of HOMA-IR in mice from HSJ group were lower than NC group and HF group by the end of 12 weeks(P<0. 05);the levels of IL-4 in mice from HSJ group were higher than NC group and HSJ group by the end of 6 and 12 weeks after infection ( P<0. 05 ); the levels of STAT6 in mice from HSJ group were higher than HF group by the end of 12 weeks after infection ( P<0. 05 );the levels of STAT4 in mice from HF group were higher than NC group by the end of 6 and 12 weeks after infection. Conclusion Schistosome japonicum chronic infection may improve insulin resistance in obese mice with induced STAT6 protein expressed in liver tissue and secrete IL-4,providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ),and the effect of Xuebijing injection in treatment of PQ poisoning.Methods Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,PQ poisoning group,and Xuebijing intervention group,with 24 rats in each group.Pulmonary fibrosis was induced by single garage at the dosage of 50 mg/kg of PQ,while 1 mL of distilled water was given by gavage in control group.Xuebijing injection at the dosage of 4 mL/kg were given intraperitoneally at 30 minutes after exposure to PQ in Xuebijing group,and it was repeated every 12 hours; same amount of physiological saline was given intraperitoneally in PQ group and control group.The experiment lasted for 14 days.Six rats in each group were sacrificed on 1,3,7,14 days,respectively,after insult,and 30 minutes after the last intervention.The lung tissues were harvested,the changes in pathology in lung tissue and the degree of pulmonary fibrosis were observed with optical microscope with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson stain.The ultrastructure changes in lung tissues were observed with transmission electron microscopic,and the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) in the lung tissue was determined by alkaline hydrolysis.The expression of mitochondrial fusion protein 2 (Mfn2) was determined by Western Blot.Results ① HE staining:in PQ group,inflammation was most marked on the 3rd day.On the 7th day,exudates in the alveoli started to be organized,and hypertrophic fibroblasts were seen to secrete slim collagen fibers,and fibrosis could be seen in alveoli.On the 14th day,intensive hyperplasia of fibroblasts could be observed,and the alveolar structure was destroyed and collapsed,with deposition of collagen deposited with formation of pulmonary fibrosis.At the same time,pathologic changes were milder in Xuebijing group than those in PQ group.② Masson staining:the degree of inflammation in alveoli and pulmonary fibrosis were less marked in Xuebijing group than those of PQ group on the 14th day.③ Under the transmission electron microscopy,it was found that the mitochondria of lung tissue cells was relatively less in number on the 14th day in PQ group,and the majority of them underwent degeneration,swelling and damage.Basement membrane became folded,alvcoli were collapsed,and fibrosis was obvious.These changes were less serious in Xuebijing group.④ Content of HYP (μg/g):contents of HYP in lung tissues on the 3rd day in PQ group and Xuebijing group were significantly higher than those in control group (743.3 ± 50.2,718.1 ± 34.0 vs.665.8± 6.6,both P＜0.05),it then increased gradually,but the contents of HYP in Xuebijing group were significantly lower on the 7th day and 14th day than those in PQ group (790.5 ± 23.8 vs.876.7 ± 42.0,812.9 ± 72.3 vs.931.3 ± 33.0,both P＜0.05).⑤ Expression of Mfn2:the expression of Mfn2 in control group was relatively lower.The expression of Mfn2 in PQ group was increased gradually under stress,but its rate was low.The expression of Mfn2 (A value) in Xuebijing group was significantly higher than that in PQ group on the 1st day (0.731 ±0.035 vs.0.618 ±0.029,P＜0.05),and it was elevated steadily,reaching the peak on the 7th day (0.732 ± 0.037 vs.0.669 ± 0.034,P＜0.05),but it was lower than that of PQ group on the 14th day (0.708 ± 0.034 vs.0.765 ± 0.041,P＜0.05).Conclusions Xuebijing reduces lung inflammatory reaction and pulmonary fibrosis as a result of PQ poisoning.The mechanism is that Xnebijing regulates and increases expression of Mfn2 in lung tissue.

The paper reviewed the medical service pricing at home and abroad and progress in the price comparison system,and introduced the price comparison system of Shanghai's medical services. Proposals in the paper include building the price parameters fitting local conditions,and setting prices using the standardized price model;forming a comprehensive price adjustment scheme with reference to international price comparison relations and domestic pricing level; upgrading the fine pricing management level of medical service pricing and improving charging management dimensions;enhancing interactions and assessment of price-related departments to guide public hospitals to enhance.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary modification intervention model applied by ward nurse on change of dietary behavior among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods A total of 80 participants were divided into intervention patients (n=40) and control subjects (n=40) by random number table.Except lecture-based diabetes educational which was applied for control subjects,a dietary modification intervention model was conducted in intervention patients for a period of two weeks.The intervention program consisted of evaluating an individual's stage of change after being provided dietary information regarding kind of food and portions,discussion with a role model,and keeping a food diary record.Body mass index (BMI),waist-hip ratio (WHR),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),postprandial 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) and score of healthy eating behavior were measured at initial and six months later.Results Compared with control group,BMI,WHR,FPG,2hPG,HbA1c in intervention group were significantly decreased,P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05.After six months intervention,FPG,2hPG and HbA1c in both groups were significantly decreased compared with baseline levels,P＜ 0.01.Compared with control group,the scores of healthy eating behavior in intervention group were significantly decreased,P＜ 0.05.After six months intervention,the scores of healthy eating behavior in both groups were significantly elevated,P ＜ 0.01,compared with baseline levels.Conclusions This study yielded evidence for the benefits of using the dietary modification intervention model as a framework in healthy eating behavior among patients with T2DM.

Objective To assess the value of the myocardial segment number of color change in the bull's eyes of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE)in the detection of multi-vessel coronary stenosis at the resting state.Methods A total of 125 consecutive patients were enrolled and divided into the following three groups according to the coronary angiography(CAG):multi-vessel coronary stenosis group (n=48),single-vessel stenosis group(n =34)and control group (n =43).All patients underwent two-dimensional (2D)and three-dimensional echocardiography (3D)and three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).The bull's eyes of left ventricular 17 myocardial segments including longitudinal strain(LS),circumferential strain (CS),area strain(AS)and radial strain(RS)were acquired by 3D-STE.The homogeneous colors were regarded as normal wall motion myocardial segment (LS,CS,AS is a uniform red,RS for uniform blue ),the colors were uneven or shallower,or changes were regarded as abnormal wall motion myocardial segment.The myocardial segment number of color change in the bull's eyes can be calculated.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC ) curves were computed to determine optimal strain cutoff values to predict multi-vessel coronary stenosis.Results The myocardial segments of abnormal wall motion in the bull's eyes (LS,CS,AS,and RS)were significantly increased compared with the control group(P <0.001).In particular,the multi-vessel coronary stenosis group were dramatically increased than the single-vessel coronary stenosis group.Meanwhile,these parameters were higher in patients with multi-vessel coronary stenosis than in those with single-vessel coronary stenosis (P <0.05).ROC analysis demonstrated areas under the curve of 0.84 for 3D GLS,0.89 for 3D GCS,0.95 for 3D GAS,and 0.89 for 3D GRS.An optimal cutoff value of magnitude,sensitivity and specificity were LS,12,89.6%,76.7%;CS,11,89.6%,74.4%;AS,12,91.7%,88.4%;RS,13,81.2%,86.0%,respectively. Conclusions The myocardial segment number of color change in the bull's eyes by 3D-STE is useful to detect multi-vessel coronary stenosis,where in GAS are more valuable indicators with higher sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To analyze of the relationship between level of anxiety and depression before surgery and anus exhausting time for patients after gynecological abdominal surgery.Methods A descriptive study was conducted with a survey of 100 cases of patients with gynecological abdominal surgery where the level of anxiety and depression before surgery and post-anus exhausting time were analyzed to explore the correlation between them.Results In the 88 valid questionnaires,the incidences of stress and anxiety before surgery were respectively 38.64％(34/84) and 19.32％(17/88) and the average anus exhausting time after surgery was (44.55 ± 13.90) hours;the anus exhausting time of anxious patients was significantly longer than that of non-anxious patients [(48.35±12.84) hours vs.(42.50±14.13) hours,t=-2.12,P＜0.05] and bivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that preoperative level of anxiety had a significant effect on anus exhausting time after surgery.Conclusions Stress,anxiety and other negative emotions can affect anus exhausting time after surgery and level of anxiety could be used as one predictor of the delay of anus exhausting time after surgery.

AIM: To investigate the variation of ?-AR in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells and variation of GRK2 in lung and to explore the therapeutic effect of methlyprednisolone in severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury model in rats.METHODS: 36 rats were divided into three groups randomly: the control group,the experimental group,and the intervention group.In the experimental group,severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury model was induced in SD rats by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into biliopancreatic duct.In the control group,laparotomy was performed,duodenum and pancreas were flipped only.In the intervention group,methlyprednisolone(30 mg/kg) was injected into rump muscle of rats after model developed.At 6 and 12 h after model was developed,the maximum binding capacity(Bmax) and the Kd value of ?-AR were detected in lung by means of radioactive ligand binding assay.GRK2 expression was detected in lung by means of immunofluorescence.RESULTS: The scores of the severity of pancreatitis and the severity of lung injury in the experimental group were obviously higher than those in control group.In the experimental group,Bmax was obviously lower,Kd and GRK2 were obviously higher than those in control group and the intervention group.CONCLUSION: The ?-AR in lung is lower down and GRK2 expression in lung is up-regulated in severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury model in rats.The therapeutic effect of methlyprednisolone to severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury is positive.