OBJECTIVETo study the effect of eight specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum on the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats and grade the eight different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum.

METHODTotally 100 SD female rats were divided randomly into 10 groups, namely the normal group, the model group and eight Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum groups of different specifications. Their bilateral ovaries were excised to reproduce the osteoporosis model. Meanwhile, the rats were given the eight different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum for consecutively 12 weeks. Subsequently, the effects of the different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum on bone mineral density and serum biochemical indicators of rats were observed. A clustering analysis was made for the eight specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, with the serum content of ALP, BMP-2 and BGP as influencing factors.

RESULTAfter 12 weeks, the eight different specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum could significantly improve ALP, BMP-2, BGP in serum and bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats. And the cluster analysis showed similar results to the quality classification of traditional commercial herbs Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum.

CONCLUSIONDifferent specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum can antagonize the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats, and their effects are related to the quality of commercial herbs.

Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Deer ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Horns ; chemistry ; Humans ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA (miRNA) in placenta tissue, explore the function of miRNA in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Placenta tissue from pregnant women with GDM and normal controls were selected from January 2013 to January 2014. Expression of miRNAs were detected by sequencing technique and quantity real time PCR(qRT-PCR). Target genes of miRNA were analyzed by KEGG. Results 52 insulin signaling pathway related miRNAs including 47 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated were differentially expressed in GDM compared with normal control. Expression of placental hsa-miR-548am-5p and hsa-miR-95-5p were significantly increased , but hsa-miR-1246 was significantly lower (P <0.05) in GDM group than normal control; all the results were consistent with sequencing results. Key points of insulin signaling pathway could regulate expression of targets such as PI3K. Conclusion miRNA expression in GDM placenta was abnormal.A variety of exp ressions of miRNAs were involved in the pathogenesis of GDM by regulating insulin signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate Schistosoma japonicum infection on mice high-fat diet of insulin resistance. Methods 36 male C57 BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned into three equal groups: normal control group ( NC group) , high-fat diet group ( HF group) and high-fat diet with Schistosoma japonicum infected group ( HSJ group) . Specimen was collected 6 and 12 weeks after high-fat diet, separately. The levels of fasting blood glucose ( FBG) , fasting plasma insulin resistance index ( FINS) and insulin ( HOMA-IR) were detected. Interferon-γ( IFN-γ) ,in-terleukin-4 ( IL-4 ) and singal transductor and activator of transcription-4 ( STAT4 ) singal transductor and activator of transcription-6 (STAT6)were detected by ELISA and immunohistochemical method. Results The mice from HF group showed higher levels of HOMA-IR than those from NC groups by the end of 6 and 12 weeks after infection( P<0. 01 );the levels of HOMA-IR in mice from HSJ group were lower than NC group and HF group by the end of 12 weeks(P<0. 05);the levels of IL-4 in mice from HSJ group were higher than NC group and HSJ group by the end of 6 and 12 weeks after infection ( P<0. 05 ); the levels of STAT6 in mice from HSJ group were higher than HF group by the end of 12 weeks after infection ( P<0. 05 );the levels of STAT4 in mice from HF group were higher than NC group by the end of 6 and 12 weeks after infection. Conclusion Schistosome japonicum chronic infection may improve insulin resistance in obese mice with induced STAT6 protein expressed in liver tissue and secrete IL-4,providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Objective To investigate the risk of permanent hair dye use for connective tissue disease ( CTD ) with positive antinuclear antibodies ( ANA ).Methods We conducted a population-based case-control study to analyze 440 CTD patients from the department of our hospital.Four hundreds and forty patients' relatives or friends who were free from any CTD were selected as controls.Patients and controls were matched in sex and age.A face-to-face interview was adopted to finish questionnaires about subjects' demographic data and the use of permanent hair dye.Data about the duration,frequency,times of usage and allergy related to hair dye were collected.Medical history was also reviewed,such as the diagnosis,disease course,primary symptoms,serum tests and organ involvements.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 17.0 software using x2 test and Logistic regression.Results The association between the use of permanent hair dye and CTD did not reach statistical significance (OR=1.282,95％CI 0.966-1.700,P=0.085 ),when the relationship of hair dye use with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was tested,the same result (OR=1.092,95％CI 0.795-1.500,P=0.587 ) could be revealed.Conclusion This preliminary study has shown that the use of permanent hair dye couldn't induce the occurrence of CTD.

Objective To study the signification of p57kip2 immunostaining to distinguish molar gestations from hydropic abortions.Methods To observe the p57kip2 immunohistochemical expression in 58 cases of histological hydropic villi which were divided into complete mole(18 cases) ,partial mole(19 cases),hydropic abortion(11 cases)and undetermined hydropic abortion or molar gestations(10 cases) and in 3 normal placentas.Results Normal villi,partial mole and hydropic abortions show positive staining for p57kip2, which expressed in the nuclei of cytotrophoblast and villous mesenchyme,and complete moles show complete absence of staining in the cytotrophoblast and villous mesenchyme.According to the comparison of the diagnosis based on morphology and the one based on p57kip2 stai-ning,the later whose sensitivity is 96% (46/48) confirmed the earlier diagnosis in 58 cases studied and the later conformed to the earlier very well.Conclusion The immunohistochemical staining for p57kip2 is a valuable diagnostic mean to distinguish molar gestations from hydropic abortions and is a sensitive and specific marker for the diagnosis of complete mole.

Objective To screen out the polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) primers for specifically identifying Pheretima aspergillum (E. Perrier) , so as to establish a rapid and accurate method to identify the origin of Pheretima aspergillum. Methods Four kinds of earthworms recorded in pharmacopoeia and six kinds of their adulterants commonly seen in the market were collected. The 12SrRNA sequences related to earthworm were downloaded from GenBank database. PCR amplification for ten kinds of samples was performed using the universal primers, and then the products were sequenced. According to the differences between the above sequences, three pairs of specific primers in the non-conservative district were designed for identification of Pheretima aspergillum. Results High-specificity PCR amplification for Pheretima aspergillum with 12St/12Stf primer occurred when the annealing temperature was increased to 64℃, and only Pheretima aspergillum had single amplification strip, while no strips were found in the other adulterants under the same condition. The achieved specific primers could be well verified in 15 kinds of medicinal materials of earthworm purchased in the market, which had the same morphological features showed by the traditional identifying method. Conclusion With 12St/12Stf primer as a specific marker, the identifica tion of Pheretima aspergillum is rapid and accurate in related species of Pheretima aspergillum, and avoids the effect of some factors such as integrity of experimental materials and drying process.

Objective To detect the expression of MAGE-A9 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to investigate the association between expression of MAGE-A9 and the clinicopathological characteristics of HCC.Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), one-step quantitative-PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods were performed to characterize the expression of MAGE-A9 in HCC cell lines and tissues.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were employed to evaluate the prognosis of 100 HCC patients.Results The expression of MAGE-A9 mRNA in HCC (4.44±0.342) was significantly higher than that in non-cancerous cells and tissues (1.73±0.178) (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of the MAGE-A9 protein in HCC was related to the pathological grade (P =0.003), portal vein invasion (P =0.001), distant metastasis (P =0.022) and TNM stage (P =0.005).Cox regression analysis revealed that MAGE-A9 expression is an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (P =0.006) and overall survival (P =0.022).Conclusion MAGE-A9 is a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC patients, and its high expression suggests unfavorable survival outcomes in HCC patients.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary modification intervention model applied by ward nurse on change of dietary behavior among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods A total of 80 participants were divided into intervention patients (n=40) and control subjects (n=40) by random number table.Except lecture-based diabetes educational which was applied for control subjects,a dietary modification intervention model was conducted in intervention patients for a period of two weeks.The intervention program consisted of evaluating an individual's stage of change after being provided dietary information regarding kind of food and portions,discussion with a role model,and keeping a food diary record.Body mass index (BMI),waist-hip ratio (WHR),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),postprandial 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) and score of healthy eating behavior were measured at initial and six months later.Results Compared with control group,BMI,WHR,FPG,2hPG,HbA1c in intervention group were significantly decreased,P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05.After six months intervention,FPG,2hPG and HbA1c in both groups were significantly decreased compared with baseline levels,P＜ 0.01.Compared with control group,the scores of healthy eating behavior in intervention group were significantly decreased,P＜ 0.05.After six months intervention,the scores of healthy eating behavior in both groups were significantly elevated,P ＜ 0.01,compared with baseline levels.Conclusions This study yielded evidence for the benefits of using the dietary modification intervention model as a framework in healthy eating behavior among patients with T2DM.

In 2015 , policy reforms on centralized drug purchasing system have been released one by one , and the quality of medicines has been highly valued .Centralized drug purchasing system distinguishes different qualities of drugs mainly through bidding grouping , in order to achieve “uality priority”.However , there are yet some existing problems in group bidding policy at present , such as lack of a unified hierarchy , no scientific indicators and so on , which inevitably weaken the leading role of centralized purchasing policy over the quality of medicines .This paper , focuses on the study of group bidding , and the existing main problems are found through the statistical analysis of rel-evant policies introduced in different provinces .Finally, it explores some optimization strategies for “Group Bidding”which is of paramount importance .