Objective To study the chemical constituents in the leaves of Mallotus apelta. Methods Constituents isolation and purification were carried out on silica gel and polyamide column. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. Results Five compounds were isolated and elucidated as taraxerol (Ⅰ), ?-sitosterol (Ⅱ), 5, 7-dihydroxy-6-prenyl-4′-methoxy-flavanone (Ⅲ), apigenin (Ⅳ), and apigenin-7-O[WTBZ]-?-D-glucoside (Ⅴ). Conclusion Compound Ⅲ is a new compound named as mallotusin. Compounds Ⅰ and Ⅲ-Ⅴ are isolated from the leaves of M. apelta for the first time.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of estrogen receptors (ER) in spleen of female BALB/c mice after injected with diethylstilbestrol (DES) beginning in neonatal period. Methods Neonatal female BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously on cervix-backside with DES within 24 hours after birth at intervals of 24 hours for 5 times. Control groups were injected with olive oil with the same method. Mice were killed on 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 35 days and 49 days after birth separately, the spleen was taken out, imbedded with paraffin and sectioned serially in 5??m. The expression of ER in slice of spleen was detected by immunohistochemistry technique. Results ER positive cells were present in both DES-injected groups and control groups. ER positive cells were mostly lymphocytes. A correlation between age and the intensity of positive reactions was showed in both groups. The intensity of ER immunohistochemistry positive reaction in DES group was much stronger than that in control group, and there was a significant statistic difference between the two groups. Conclusion The ER expression exists in spleen of female BALB/c mice and increases with the age of mice. The contact of DES in neonatal female BALB/c mice will lead to an increased ER expression in their spleens and this effect can continue to their manhood at least.

group Nor(P0.05).Conclusions The changes of ambulatory pulse pressure can reflect the degree of EH.The obvious increase of PP and decrease of DBP maybe are the exclusive features of ABPM in EH patients with target organs damage.

Objective To investigate the knowledge and attitude of clinicians in the departments of pediatrics and otolaryngology to pediatric obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), since in China, the clinicians in these two departments had closest relationship with the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS in children. Methods A validated questionnaire from USA which was the obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes questionnaire in children (OSAKA-KIDS) was used and permissioned by original author. The questionnaire was mailed to ENT doctors and pediatricians in 43 public hospitals in Shandong province. Results OSA-KIDS in Chinese version was re-tested by 30 physicians, r = 0. 92. Totally, 391valid questionnaires (87. 7% ) were returned. Average of correct rate ((x-)± s) in 18 knowledge items was 64. 1% ± 19. 1%. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0. 76. There was no difference between ENT doctors and pediatrics in total knowledge score. However, there was significant difference in below 2 questions: ENT doctors had more correction in answer "nearly 2% of children have OSAHS" and pediatrics had more correction in answer "pediatric OSAHS may be associated with pulmonary hypertension". Only 24. 3% clinicians correctly know the degree of snoring (mild to severe) was not correlated with the severity of obstructive apnea in children. Only 16. 1% could correctly answer the question about cardio-respiratory monitor could not reliably detect both central and obstructive apnea in infant. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0. 72 in 5 items which was about importance of disease and serf-evaluation in confidence. While more than 90% clinicians stated that "As a clinical disorder OSAHS is important or very, extremely important".However, among them, only about 36% felt confident in identifying or managing children with OSAHS.Total knowledge score about OSAHS was not different by gender or specialty ( P ＞ 0. 05 ), but more knowledge was associated with more positive attitudes overall ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) and more elder in age or longer years in practice (r = 0. 384, P ＜ 0. 0001 ). Conclusions It should be paid more effort to elevate the knowledge and attitude about pediatric OSAHS in pediatricians and otolaryngologists.

ObjectiveTo realize the relevance between hypertension and serum uric acid (SUA) in residents in Baise City.MethodsTwenty one thousand,five hundred and eighty eight Baise residents were examined.The body weight,height,waist circumference,hip circumference,blood pressure(BP) were recorded and blood lipidlevels,blood glucoseand serum uric acid (SUA) were tested.The relevance between hypertension and hyperuricemia (HUA) was analyzed by multi-factor variance analysis,x2 test,t test,linear regression and Logistic regression analysis.ResultsHypertension prevalence rate was 31.5％,the frequency of HUA was 12.0％,and 5.8％ residents had both.For patients with both hypertension and HUA,when compared to those with normal serum uric level,their mean diastolic blood pressure(DBP) was(84±10),(72±6) mm Hg res-pectively,there mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was(151±12),(127±6) mm Hg respectively,and pulse pressure (PP) was (50±12),(37±8) mm Hg respectively.The average BMI of those two groups was (23.9±2.6),(21.7±2.4) kg/m2 respectively.The average TC level was (6.0±1.3),(5.2±1.1)mmol/L respectively,the average TG level was(2.3±2.2),(1.5±0.7) mmol/L respectively,and the average LDL-C level was(3.4±1.3),(3.0±1.1) mmol/L respectively.All these parameters were higher than those people without hypertension or HUA(P＜0.01).However,the situation of HDL-C[ (1.2±0.4),(1.5±0.5)mmol/L] was the opposite (P＜0.01).Regression analysis had shown that age,BMI,waist-hip ratio,SUA,blood glucose,TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C were independent risk factors for hypertension,while people with HUA was 3.1 times more when compared to those without HUA.The prevalence rate of HUA in people with hypertension was 2.6 times higher than that of the control group.ConclusionHypertension and HUA are two public health problems that prevalent in the residents in Baise City.Obesity,high blood glucose level and hyperlipidemia are thebasis for the development of hypertension and HUA.Hypertension can be the cause of HUA and verse versa.They may have mutual interactions.The adverse effect of HUA on-cardiovascular system should be taken into consideration clinically.

Aged ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cecal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cecum ; chemistry ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism

Literature about functional dyspepsia treated with acupuncture in recent 5 years is retrieved in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database and PubMed. The research achievements are arranged and summed up to explore the mechanism of acupuncture for functional dyspepsia. It is found that acupuncture can regulate the secretion of braingut petide, and cause the coordination response of limbic system-brain. Also, it adjusts serum molecule metabolin and the gene expression of the transduction pathway of adjustment signal for rats. It is believed that functional dyspepsia treated with acupuncture is through multiple ways, and adjusting the function of braingut axis is one of the important mechanisms.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Dyspepsia ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Humans ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

BACKGROUND: After the damage of central nervous system, F-waves of electromyography is the valuable way for detecting tendon reflex and muscular tension below injured segment. The increase of spasm, stiffness and muscular tension induced by upper motor neuron injury can revoke change of F-waves.However, change of F-waves after spinal injury, and relationship between Fwaves and spasm of lower limb after injury are still unclear at present.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation of minimal latency, occurrence rate and every index of dispersion-time degree of F-waves with post-injured spinal cord spasm in patients with spinal injury.DESIGN: Case-control observation.SETTING: Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 29 patients with traumatic spinal cord injury,who were hospitalized at Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between June 2002 and March 2004, were selected as spinal injury group. Another 29 normal healthy volunteers were enrolled as normal control group in the same period. METHODS: Spasm level of both lower extremities in patients with spinal injury was graded with Ashworth scale to assess flexion of both coax, flexion of knee joint and Ashworth grade of dorsiflexion of ankle. F-waves was detected with Kepoint1.5 type EMG instrument produced by Denmark.Minimal latency, maximal latency and occurrence rate of F-waves of tibial nerve of both lower extremities were recorded. The discrete-time degree (difference value of maximal latency of F-waves and minimal latency of Fwaves) and mean occurrence rate of F-waves were calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The difference of each index between patients with spinal injury and normal persons was compared and the correlation of spasm with discrete-time degree, occurrence rate and minimal latency of F-waves in patients with spinal injury was analyzed.RESULTS: A total of 29 patients and 29 normal persons were involved in the result analysis. ①The discrete-time degree of F-waves in patients with spinal injury was higher than that in the normal persons, which had significant difference [(9.2±1.9), (6.7±1.0) ms, P ＜ 0.000 1]. ②The occurrence rate of F-waves in patients with spinal injury was lower than that in normal persons, which had significant difference [(84.5±6.2)%, (89.5 ±5.7)%, P ＜ 0.05]. ③The minimal latency of F-waves in patients with spinal injury was higher than that in normal persons, which had insignificant difference ( P ＞ 0.05). ④The discrete-time degree of F-waves in patients with spinal injury had positive correlation linearly with score of spasm Ashworth (r=0.790 31, P＜ 0.000 1). The occurrence rate of Fwaves in patients with spinal injury had positive correlation linearly with score of spasm Ashworth (r=0.742 03, P ＜ 0.000 1 ). The minimal latency of F-waves in patients with spinal injury had insignificant correlation with score of spasm Ashworth (r=0.081 68, P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The discrete-time degree and occurrence rate of F-waves can be used as sensitive index to evaluate electrophysiology in patients with spinal injury so as to assess the level of spasm in patients with spinal injury.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of TCM external treatment combined with Dasangju Mixture in treating mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) in children. Methods One hundred patients with MPP were randomly divided into control group and treatment group by parallel design, with 50 patients in each group. Patients in control group orally took azithromycin combined with other symptomatic treatment when necessary, 7 d for a course and continuously for 3 courses. Based on the treatment for control group, patients in treatment group were added with TCM external treatment (BL13 and RN17) combined with Dasangju Mixture, while azithromycin was sequentially used just for 2 courses. Other types of treatment lasted for 3 courses. The improvement time of symptoms and signs of the patients were recorded and the therapeutic effects of the two groups were evaluated. Moreover, the serum concentrations of mycoplasma pneumoniae-immune gloulin M (MP-IgM) were determined before and after treatment on the 1st and 21st days. Results The improvent time of fever, and cough and lung sign of the treatment group were more obviously shortened than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 96.0% (48/50) in observation group and 74.0% (37/50) in control group, with statistical significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the negative rate of the serum concentration of MP-IgM in the treatment group was 82%, and that of the control group was 58%, with statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion TCM external treatment combined with Dasangju Mixture can not only significantly improve the clinical symptoms and signs of MPP children patients, but also shorten the disease course, and the efficacy was significant. Meanwhile it can reduce the course and side effects of azithromycin, which provides reference to the administration of antibiotics in children.

Objective The occurrence and progression of renal cell carcinoma ( RCC) is complicated process associated with DNA abnormal methylation , histone modification , and Wnt signaling pathway .This study aimed to investigate the expression of histone methylase SET8 in RCC, its relationship with the Wnt signaling pathway , its action mechanism in RCC , and its clinical significance . Methods We selected 50 cases of RCC treated by radical nephrectomy , detected the expression of SET 8 in the RCC and adjacent noncancerous kidney tissues by immunohistochemical EliVision two-step staining with β-catenin.We compared the expression levels of SET8 and β-catenin in the two types of tissue and analyzed their relationship with the patients′clinical information and the pathologic stage and grade of tumor as well as the correlation between the SET 8 andβ-catenin expressions . Results SET8 was mainly express in the cytoplasm of the RCC and noncancerous kidney tissues , partially in the cell membrane and nucleus , while theβ-catenin protein chiefly in the cell membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells in the normal kidney tissue .The expression levels of SET 8 and β-catenin in the RCC tissue were closely related to the TNM stage and tumor grade (P<0.05).The positive expression of SET8 in the RCC tissue (76%[38/50]) showed no significant difference from that in the ad-jacent noncancerous kidney tissue (66% [33/50]) (P>0.05), but that of β-catenin was remarkably higher in the former (68%[34/50]) than in the latter (4%[2/50]) (P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between the positive expression of SET 8 and the abnormal expression of β-catenin (r=0.219, P<0.05). Conclusion SET8-activated H4K20me-1 controls the activation and abnormal activities of the Wnt signaling pathway , affects the gene transcription and cell activity , and participates in the occurrence , progression, and distant metastasis of RCC .