The directed molecular evolution of enzyme in vitro can not only improve the efficiency of evolution, but also evolve enzyme according to the investigator's desire. This review summed up the feasible methods of this novel technique.

Objective To assess the value of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) support in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods The clinical data of 41 patients with AMI complicated by CS receiving emergency PCI with IABP support were retrospectively reviewed, and 47 patients receiving emergency PCI without IABP support at the same time were included as the control group. Left ventricular function was evaluated in the 2 groups at 2 weeks and at 3 months after the operation respectively. The incidence of MACE was compared between the 2 groups at 30 days and also at 3 months after the operation. Results Patients receiving IABP support had greater improvement in left ventricular function at 2-week and 3-month after operation (43.8?8.2% vs 39.4?5.9%, 45.5?6.6 vs 40.6?4.6%, both P

BACKGROUND:Cuttlebone/racemic polylactic acid composite artificial bone has been prepared in the previous studies to improve the incomplete degradation of cuttlebone. OBJECTIVE:To observe the degradation and biocompatibility of cuttlebone/racemic polylactic acid composite artificial bone in animals. METHODS:Thirty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. Models of right radial defects were prepared in rabbits, and model rabbits were subjected to implantation of cuttlebone/racemic polylactic acid composite artificial bone into the defects and muscular sac between the radial lateralis muscle and rectus (experimental group), implantation of cuttlebone into the defects and muscular sac between the radial lateralis muscle and rectus (control group 1), implantation of racemic polylactic acid into the defects and muscular sac between the radial lateralis muscle and rectus (control group 2), or no treatment (blank control group), respectively. At 2, 4, 8 weeks after operation, X-ray and histological examinations were performed in the four groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the other three groups, the bone mineral density of the experimental group was significantly higher at 4 and 8 weeks after material implantation into the defects (P < 0.05), and moreover, the bone mineral apposition rate of the experimental group was significantly higher at different time after operation (P< 0.05). At 8 weeks after operation, the bone tissues in the experimental group grew from the both ends to the center to form multiple bone island-like structures, with less residual materials, and the marrow cavity and implanting material were in a traffic manner; in the control group 1, there were many residual materials, and no intercommunication was found between the marrow cavity and implant material. (2) At 2 weeks after material implantation into the muscle capsule, there were more inflammatory cels, but the inflammation relieved at 4 weeks and disappeared basicaly at 8 weeks, and the material was degraded partialy. These findings indicate that the cuttlebone/racemic polylactic acid composite artificial bone is a kind of good bone substitute material that has good biocompatibility and degradability.

Adenoma ; Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Humans ; Male

AIM: To investigate the role of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the growth of Müller cells using a co-culture system in vitro . METHODS: Müller cells were cocultured with RPE cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions in Transwell chamber culture system. Müller cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. The number of cells which migrate through micropores and stay on the outer bottom side of insert systems were observed and counted. RESULTS: The activities of proliferation and migration of Müller cells when cocultured with RPE cells were significantly higher than those of the Müller cells when cultured alone at all time points under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. However, for both the coculture and control groups, there is no significant difference between the measurements at 3 and 6 hours. CONCLUSION: Evidence suggests that RPE, when co-cultured with Müller cells, can stimulate migration and proliferation of Müller cells under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions in a time-dependent manner; how-ever, there is no evidence to support the synergetic interaction of RPE and Müller cells co-cultured under hypoxic conditions.

Prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and rectal cancer are common malignancies in the male pelvis. The incidence rate of erectile dysfunction (ED) following radical prostatectomy, cystectomy or rectal cancer surgery is about 25% - 100%. The main cause of post-surgery ED is mainly attributed to injury of neurovascular bundles, which may lead to reduced oxygenation in and fibrosis of the penile tissue. Early penile rehabilitation after surgery can improve or restore the erectile function of the patients. This article focuses on penile rehabilitation after radical pelvic surgery.
Cystectomy ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; Postoperative Complications ; rehabilitation ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatectomy ; adverse effects ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; surgery

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy

Administration, Inhalation ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists ; adverse effects ; Child ; Extremities ; Humans ; Male ; Paralysis ; chemically induced ; Terbutaline ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical effects between percutaneous compressing plating (PCCP) and proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) for the treatment of patients with intertrochanteric fracture with risk external wall.

METHODSFrom September 2007 to June 2010, 43 patients with intertrochanteric fracture with risk external wall were treated by PCCP or PFNA according to different kinds of internal fixations. There were 22 cases in PCCP, including 9 males and 13 females with an average age of 68.4 (ranged, 60 to 86) years old, and 13 cases with type A2.2 and 9 cases with type A2.3; while 21 cases in PFNA, including 7 males and 14 females with an average age of 67.7 (ranged, 57 to 93) years old, and 10 cases with type A2.2 and 11 cases with type A2.3. Blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, fracture healing time, complications and Harris score after 1 years' following-up were observed and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 12 to 22 (means 18.4) months, and all patients were obtained fracture healing, and recovered walking ability as before injury. There were no significant differences in blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, fracture healing time, complications and Harris score after 1 years' following-up (P>0.05). One case occurred displacement on the top of greater trochanter, and 1 case injuried weakness of hip abduction. One case occurred screw breakage in PCCP, while 1 case occurred hip joint pain in PFNA.

CONCLUSIONBoth of PCCP and PFNA in treating patients with intertrochanteric fracture with risk external wall can receive good clinical effects, while the effects and therapy strategy for displacement of bone on the top of lateral wall should further study.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fracture Healing ; Hip Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the applied value of multi-slice CT(MSCT) in diagnosis of hip trauma.Methods The volume scans according to conventional pelvic scan were performed in 26 cases with hip trauma by SIEMENS Sensation 4 MSCT,then the images in thin slice of low and high contrast were reconstructed.After that,all the source images were transfered into CT 3D work stations,images such as multiplanar reconstructions(MPR).Maximum intensity projection(MIP), surface shade display(SSD) and volume rendering technic(VRT) were obtained. All images were observed and analysed by two radiologists.Results All post process images that obtained from the MSCT showed 19 patients with acetabular fractures ,8 with femoral head fractures ,7 with hips dislocation and 5 with piece of fracture in the hip joint. MSCT 3-dimension imaging could produce clear and comprehensive images of hip fracture and dislocation or piece of fracture .The rate of displaying hip trauma with thin slice MPR and MIP was 100%.Conclusion The MSCT thin slice MPR imaging is the best noninvasive imaging method in showing the hip joint. It is of high value in diagnosis of hip trauma in clinical practice.